Lecture 1: Introduction to Water Quality Modeling 1907
Lecture 1: Introduction to Water Quality Modeling
LECTURE 1 Introduction to Water Quality Modeling and Numerical Methods 米What is water quality modeling？ 米Mass balance *Analytical solutions 米Numerical solutions
LECTURE 1 Introduction to Water Quality Modeling and Numerical Methods What is water quality modeling? Mass balance Analytical solutions Numerical solutions
URBAN POINT SOURCE DESIGN PROBLEM (Circa 1920s) River Critical concentration,c [M/L3] Waste loading,W[M刀 WTP WWTP Waste removed CITY WATER-QUALITY MODEL: c fW,physics,chemistry,biology)
WATER-QUALITY MODEL: URBAN POINT SOURCE DESIGN PROBLEM (Circa 1920s) WTP Waste removed CITY Waste loading, W [M/T] Critical concentration, c [M/L3 ] WWTP River c = f(W, physics, chemistry, biology)
MODELS GIVE YOU THE BIG PICTURE AN ELEPHANT IS LIKE A BRUSH AN ELEPHANT IS LIKE A AN ELEPHANT ROPE IS LIKEA SNAKE AN ELEPHANT IS LIKE A TREE TRUNK
AN ELEPHANT IS LIKE A SNAKE AN ELEPHANT IS LIKE A BRUSH AN ELEPHANT IS LIKE A TREE TRUNK AN ELEPHANT IS LIKE A ROPE MODELS GIVE YOU THE BIG PICTURE
THE COMPUTER MODEL TIES EVERYTHING TOGETHER ECONOMICS CHEMISTRY AIRSHED PHYSICS THE BIOLOGY MODEL WATERSHED GROUNDWATER
BIOLOGY THE COMPUTER MODEL TIES EVERYTHING TOGETHER THE MODEL CHEMISTRY PHYSICS ECONOMICS WATERSHED GROUNDWATER AIRSHED
MASS AND CONCENTRATION m mass volume M units: L3 note:M mass,L length,T time,H heat
MASS AND CONCENTRATION c = m V m = mass V = volume note: M = mass, L = length, T = time, H = heat M units: L3
MASS →AMOUNT OF SUGAR CONCENTRATIONSWEETNESS
MASS AMOUNT OF SUGAR CONCENTRATION SWEETNESS
CONCENTRATION UNITS g,0上、 g g m3 0鸿 m3 g g 3 g =1 ppm m3 106cm3 100 mg g ppm
CONCENTRATION UNITS g 103 mg g m3 L m3 103 g m3 m3 106 cm3 g 106 g 1 ppm mg L g m3 ppm mg L g m3 g cm3 1
1 teaspoon Salt≥20ppt Sugar≥20ppm Phosphorus≥20ppb
1 teaspoon Salt 20 ppt Sugar 20 ppm Phosphorus 20 ppb
TYPICAL UNITS FOR WATER-QUALITY CONSTITUENTS 0.10mg/L Variables Units total dissolved solids,salinity gL→kg/m3→ppt oxygen,BOD,nitrogen mgL→g/m3→ppm phosphorus,chlorophyll a,toxics gL→mg/m3+→ppb toxics ng/L→ug/m3→pptr
Variables Units total dissolved solids, salinity g/L kg/m3 ppt oxygen, BOD, nitrogen mg/L g/m3 ppm phosphorus, chlorophyll a, toxics g/L mg/m3 ppb toxics ng/L g/m3 pptr TYPICAL UNITS FOR WATER-QUALITY CONSTITUENTS 0.1 < c < 100 10,000 g/L 10 mg/L