Chapter 2 Cellular Physiology LEARNING OBJECTIVES Be able to understand the mechanisms of transmembrane transport of substances Be able to understand the pathways of transmembrane signal transduction Be able to describe the mechanisms of bioelectricity Be able to understand the muscular contraction and its mechanics CONTENT OUTLINE AND TEACHING HOURS CONTENTS TEACHING HOURS Section 1 Membrane structure and transmembrane transport 1.5 Section 2 Transmembrane signal transduction Section 3 Bioelectricity 2 Section 4 Muscular contraction 1.5 Total 6 INTENSIVE TEACHING Patterns and mechanism of transmembrane transport of substances Signal transduction mediated by G-protein coupled receptor ● Mechanisms of action potential and resting potential ● Local excitation and initiation of action potential ● Neuro-muscular transmission Mechanism of muscular contration
Chapter 2 Cellular Physiology LEARNING OBJECTIVES ⚫ Be able to understand the mechanisms of transmembrane transport of substances ⚫ Be able to understand the pathways of transmembrane signal transduction ⚫ Be able to describe the mechanisms of bioelectricity ⚫ Be able to understand the muscular contraction and its mechanics CONTENT OUTLINE AND TEACHING HOURS CONTENTS TEACHING HOURS Section 1 Membrane structure and transmembrane transport 1.5 Section 2 Transmembrane signal transduction 1 Section 3 Bioelectricity 2 Section 4 Muscular contraction 1.5 Total 6 INTENSIVE TEACHING ⚫ Patterns and mechanism of transmembrane transport of substances ⚫ Signal transduction mediated by G-protein coupled receptor ⚫ Mechanisms of action potential and resting potential ⚫ Local excitation and initiation of action potential ⚫ Neuro-muscular transmission ⚫ Mechanism of muscular contration
NODI FOR STUDENTS POSSIBLY ● Ion channel transport ● Transmembrane signal transduction ● Ionic mechanisms of bioelectricity ● Excitation-contraction coupling ● Factors affecting contraction of skeletal muscle ENLIGHTENING AND INNOVATION Story of cell membrane Discovery of second messengers ● Voltage clamp and patch clamp Noble Prize laureates in above stories ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS Channel proteins,Voltage gating,Ligand gating,Primary active transport and secondary active transport,Co-transport and counter-transport,Resting potential,Action potential,Threshold potential,All-or-nothing principle,Absolute refractory period,End plate potential,Cross-bridge,Excitation-contraction coupling,Active tension,Isometric contraction isotonic contraction QUESTIONS ● Describe the ways of membrane transport. Describe the physiological role of sodium pump. List the important factors in the establishment of the normal resting potential. Describe the mechanism of the initiation and termination of action potential
NODI FOR STUDENTS POSSIBLY ⚫ Ion channel transport ⚫ Transmembrane signal transduction ⚫ Ionic mechanisms of bioelectricity ⚫ Excitation-contraction coupling ⚫ Factors affecting contraction of skeletal muscle ENLIGHTENING AND INNOVATION ⚫ Story of cell membrane ⚫ Discovery of second messengers ⚫ Voltage clamp and patch clamp ⚫ Noble Prize laureates in above stories ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS Channel proteins, Voltage gating, Ligand gating, Primary active transport and secondary active transport, Co-transport and counter-transport, Resting potential, Action potential, Threshold potential, All-or-nothing principle, Absolute refractory period, End plate potential, Cross-bridge, Excitation-contraction coupling, Active tension, Isometric contraction & isotonic contraction QUESTIONS ⚫ Describe the ways of membrane transport. ⚫ Describe the physiological role of sodium pump. ⚫ List the important factors in the establishment of the normal resting potential. ⚫ Describe the mechanism of the initiation and termination of action potential
What happens to resting membrane potential when the extracellular K+concentration is increased from 5 to 10 mmol/L?What happens when the extracellular Na+concentration is increased from 142to155mmol/L？ Describe and explain the effects of tetrodotoxin on the resting potential and action potential of nerve cells. Describe the molecular mechanism of muscle contraction. List the important factors that affect contractile performance of skeletal muscle. How does the relationship of actin and myosin explain the length-tension curve of skeletal muscle? "Muscle is a machine for converting chemical into mechanical energy.Analyze and discuss this statement
⚫ What happens to resting membrane potential when the extracellular K+ concentration is increased from 5 to 10 mmol/L? What happens when the extracellular Na+ concentration is increased from 142 to 155 mmol/L? ⚫ Describe and explain the effects of tetrodotoxin on the resting potential and action potential of nerve cells. ⚫ Describe the molecular mechanism of muscle contraction. ⚫ List the important factors that affect contractile performance of skeletal muscle. ⚫ How does the relationship of actin and myosin explain the length-tension curve of skeletal muscle? ⚫ “Muscle is a machine for converting chemical into mechanical energy.” Analyze and discuss this statement