Chaper 3 The Prokaryotes Section 1 bacteria Section 2 Actinomycetes Section 3 Cyanobacteria Section 4 Archaeobacteria Section 5 Other prokaryotes
Chaper 3 The Prokaryotes Section 1 Bacteria Section 2 Actinomycetes Section 3 Cyanobacteria Section 4 Archaeobacteria Section 5 Other prokaryotes
Bacteria Size, Shape, and Arrangement of Bacterial Cells Most bacteria fall within a range Cm=10-2meter mm=10-3meter from 0.2 to 2.0 um in diameter um=10-6meter and from 2 to Sum in length. nm=10-9meter They have a few basic shapes-spherical coccus (plural, cocci, meaning berries), rod-shaped bacillus(plural, bacilli, meaning little staffs), and spIra
Size, Shape, and Arrangement of Bacterial Cells Most bacteria fall within a range from 0.2 to 2.0 μm in diameter and from 2 to 8μm in length. They have a few basic shapes-spherical coccus (plural, cocci, meaning berries), rod-shaped bacillus (plural, bacilli, meaning little staffs), and spiral. Cm = 10-2 meter mm = 10-3 meter μm = 10-6 meter nm = 10-9 meter Bacteria
Representative Cell Shapes(Morphology) in Prokaryotes Coccus Spirochete Budding and appendaged bacteria
How to identify an unknown bacterial species? The thousands of species of bacteria are differentiated by many factors, including morphology(shape), chemical composition (often detected by staining reactions) nutritional requirements biochemical activities, and source of energy(sunlight or chemicals)
The thousands of species of bacteria are differentiated by many factors, including morphology (shape), chemical composition (often detected by staining reactions), nutritional requirements, biochemical activities, and source of energy (sunlight or chemicals). How to identify an unknown bacterial species ?
Arrangement of Spherical Bacterial Cells diplococci sarcinae streptococci staphylococci Tetrad tetracocci Spherical coccus
Arrangement of Spherical Bacterial Cells diplococci streptococci tetracocci sarcinae staphylococci Spherical coccus
The micrococcaceae The family Micrococcaceae contains gram-positive cocci,0.5-2.5 um in diameter, that divide in more than one plane to form regular or irregular clusters of cells All are aerobic or facultatively anaerobic. The peptidoglycan di-amino acid is L-lysine The three most important genera are: Micrococcus Staphylococcus Streptococcus
The Micrococcaceae The family Micrococcaceae contains gram-positive cocci, 0.5-2.5 μm in diameter, that divide in more than one plane to form regular or irregular clusters of cells. All are aerobic or facultatively anaerobic. The peptidoglycan di-amino acid is L-lysine. The three most important genera are: Micrococcus Staphylococcus Streptococcus
Micrococcus-aerobic, gram-positive catalase positive, cell arranges mainly in pairs tetrads, or irregular clusters, nonmotile. They are often yellow, orange or red in colour
Micrococcus – aerobic, gram-positive, catalase positive, cell arranges mainly in pairs, tetrads, or irregular clusters, nonmotile. They are often yellow, orange or red in colour
Staphylococcus- facultatively anaerobic, gram positive, usually form irregular clusters, nonmotile, catalase positive but oxidase negative, ferment glucose anaerobically staphylococci staphylococci
Staphylococcus - facultatively anaerobic, grampositive, usually form irregular clusters, nonmotile, catalase positive but oxidase negative, ferment glucose anaerobically. staphylococci staphylococci
Streptococcus facultatively anaerobic or microaerophilic, catalase negative, gram-positive ell arranges in pairs or chains, usually nonmotile, A few species are anaerobic rather than facultative
Streptococcus - facultatively anaerobic or microaerophilic, catalase negative, gram-positive, Cell arranges in pairs or chains, usually nonmotile, A few species are anaerobic rather than facultative
Rod-shaped bacteria Bacilli divide only across their short axis, so there are fewer groupings of bacilli than of cocci Single bacillus Single bacillus 4b) Diplobacilli D.plulucillus streptobacilli streptobisllus Coccobacillus (db Cocecbari luis
Bacilli divide only across their short axis, so there are fewer groupings of bacilli than of cocci. Rod-shaped bacteria Diplobacilli streptobacilli Single bacillus Coccobacillus
