《大学英语读写》课程教学资源（精讲四级教案）Unit 1 Big Bucks The Easy Way.doc_大学文库

Across the United States the com Montgomery Ward,who adopted the policy "Satisfaction guaranteed or your money back".The first retail store was established in 1926.Today,Montgomery Ward Company ranks as the second largest mail-order firm in the world. (2)Sears,Roebuck Company e largest mail-order concem in the world.The Warren Sears.He was bom in Stewartville. Minnesota.USA in 1863 and died in Waukesha,Wisconsin USA in 1914.In 1886,he founded his mail-order business in North Redwood,Minnesota,U.S.A.Then in 1893, he joined merchant Alvah C.Roebuck to establish Sears.Roebuck Company in Chicago,Illinois.Almost 60 years after his death,a skyscraper-Sears Tower opened in Chicago,Illinois which was the worldstallest office building (3)Minimum Wage The minimum wage is the smallest amount of money per hour that an employer may legally pay a worker.It is fixed by law,agreement,or other means.In the United States. minimum wage laws are made by the federal government and state and municip ernme The Fair Lat Standards Act of popularly knowna the Federal Wage and Hour Law,established a minimum wage of 25 cents an hou The minimum wage has since been increased by amendments to Fair Labor Standards Act in 1949,1955,1961,1966,1974,and 1977.The 1977 amendment raised the minimum wage in stages from 2.65 an hour in 1978 to 3.35 an hour by 1981.By 1991,the minimum wage reached $4.25 an hour. d by Sept.1997,it had reached 5.15 3.Introductory Remarks In the USA,family background or personal influence plays a much less important role than in many other societies.Anvone who wants to become successful s to rely efforts.That's wh many American ents en to o part-time jobs while studying inc ollege or e This is of great benefit to the young people not only financially but also in the development and formation of character.for in the process of work they learn a lot of things which are impossible for them to acquire from their school textbooks. In this story,for instance,the two college sons have to develop management ge thei ork don they hav ve to lea ion, work,efficiency and business ethics in order to meet the real world's deadlines.An the two guys also have to learn that"you are never done with books,"because books teach us knowledge and theories which are as important as,if not more important than, practical experience Step Two Global reading Give the students 10 minutes to read the text as quickly as they can,and ask them to think about these questions in the process of reading. 1.Look for the new words or phrases with the similar meanings of the following list (old wordsor expressions) (new ones)

Across the United States the company has more than 500 retail stores and 700 catalog stores. The company was founded as a mail-order business in Chicago in 1872 by A. Montgomery Ward, who adopted the policy “Satisfaction guaranteed or your money back”. The first retail store was established in 1926. Today, Montgomery Ward & Company ranks as the second largest mail-order firm in the world. (2) Sears, Roebuck & Company Sears, Roebuck & Company is the largest mail-order concern in the world. The founder of the company is Richard Warren Sears. He was born in Stewartville, Minnesota, USA in 1863 and died in Waukesha, Wisconsin USA in 1914. In 1886, he founded his mail-order business in North Redwood, Minnesota, U.S.A. Then in 1893, he joined merchant Alvah C. Roebuck to establish Sears, Roebuck & Company in Chicago, Illinois. Almost 60 years after his death, a skyscraper－Sears Tower－ opened in Chicago, Illinois, which was the world’s tallest office building until 1996. (3) Minimum Wage The minimum wage is the smallest amount of money per hour that an employer may legally pay a worker. It is fixed by law, agreement, or other means. In the United States, minimum wage laws are made by the federal government and state and municipal governments. The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, popularly known as the Federal Wage and Hour Law, established a minimum wage of 25 cents an hour. The minimum wage has since been increased by amendments to Fair Labor Standards Act in 1949, 1955, 1961, 1966, 1974, and 1977. The 1977 amendment raised the minimum wage in stages from $ 2.65 an hour in 1978 to $ 3.35 an hour by 1981. By 1991, the minimum wage reached $ 4.25 an hour. And by Sept. 1997, it had reached $ 5.15. 3. Introductory Remarks In the USA, family background or personal influence plays a much less important role than in many other societies. Anyone who wants to become successful has to rely mainly on his own efforts. That’s why many American parents encourage their children to do part-time jobs while studying in college or even in high school. This is of great benefit to the young people not only financially but also in the development and formation of character, for in the process of work they learn a lot of things which are impossible for them to acquire from their school textbooks. In this story, for instance, the two college sons have to develop management skills quickly in order to get their work done; they have to learn cooperation, team work, efficiency and business ethics in order to meet the real world’s deadlines. And the two guys also have to learn that “you are never done with books,” because books teach us knowledge and theories which are as important as, if not more important than, practical experience. Step Two Global reading Give the students 10 minutes to read the text as quickly as they can, and ask them to think about these questions in the process of reading. 1. Look for the new words or phrases with the similar meanings of the following list (old words or expressions) (new ones)

(2) pain: vt. cause physical pain or mental suffering to e.g. It pained the mother to watch her son suffering. It pains me to have to say this, but you can no longer be trusted. (3)What do the two “it”s refer to respectively? The first “it” refers to “indignity” while the second refers to all the words after “said” in this sentence. 3. “Super!” she snapped. “Just super! And it’s only getting started. Another truck just pulled up out front.” (1) snap: v. a. break 折断, (使)啪的一声折断 e.g. The teacher snapped the chalk in two pieces. b. move sth suddenly 突然移动 e.g. The pieces just snap together like this. c. to say sth quickly in an angry or annoyed way 急速地说，厉声说 e.g. He laughed. “What’s so funny?” I snapped. (2) pull up: vt. (cause to) come to a stop e.g. The taxi had to pull up because the traffic lights had turned red. pull in （火车）进站, （船）靠岸 pull out （火车）离站 pull over （车）停（路边） pull into the station （火车）进站 pull out of the station （火车）出站 What can we infer from this word “snapped”? (3) What did the wife really mean? Since “snap” means “say sharply”, it makes it clear that she was saying this in an ironical tone. As a matter of fact, her day was just awful. 4. “Six hundred bucks!” His brother had echoed, “And we can do the job in two hours!” Echo: v. a. repeat an idea or opinion because you agree with it 附和，重复 e.g. The little boy echoes everything his brother says. b. if a sound echoes, you hear it again because it was made near sth such as a wall or hill e.g. The thunder echoed over the mountains. 5. Her voice kept rising, as if working its way out of the range of the human ear. (1) Meaning: Her voice becomes higher and higher, as if (her voice were) rising to so high that it could no longer be heard by the human ear According to acoustics (the branch of physic that studies sound), the human ear can only hear sounds with frequencies between 16 cps (cycles per second) and 20,000 cps. (2) Translate the sentence into Chinese. 她越讲声音越响, 几乎震耳欲聋。 6. “…Got a lunch date.” (1) Meaning: I have got a lunch appointment with others. (2) Why does “Father” say so?

Because he didn't want to have a talk with his wife any longer at that time 7."Did you hav e a nice lunch?"she asked s d this question? Absolutely not (2)If not.why does the writer use the word"sweetly? The wife was greatly disturbed by what was going on at home and she was angry with her husband for the su sons.But she sounded s eet or she dumped he r anger on h I had had a marvelous steak,but knew better by now than to say so. (1)know better than:be wise or well-trained enough not to e.g.You should have known better than to make friends with such a mean person. (2)Meaning:The husband was smart enough to know that he should not speak the truth.He wa well aware of his wi ife's anger t he didn't want to m her ever angrier by telling her he was enjoying himself far away from home,while she was suffering. 9.They've been at it for hours.Plastic bags have been filled and piled to the ceiling. but all this hasn't made a dent,not a dent,in the situation! (1)at:prep. He ws (2)dent:n. e.g.The accident left a dent in his new car. Phrase:make a dent in: a.reduce the amount or level of sth. e.g.The roof repairs made quite a dent in our saving b.progress,make a first step towards success(often negative) e.g.Peter studied all evening,but hardly made a dent in his homework 10.Obtaining an audience with son No.1,I snarled,. (1)Meaning:Getting a chance to talk to my oldest son (2)What c n w ve infer from the vord“obtaining”and"No.1"here2 From"obtaining"we can know that his oldest son was reluctant to talk on the phone Then from "No.1"we can guess that the oldest son is the most important person in the delivery business in the household for the time being since "No.1"means"the chief person in an organization. 11."But that would cut into our profit,"he suggested. cut into reduce,decrease e.g.The pollution of the river cut into the value of the houses in that neighborhood. 12.There was a short,thoughtful silence.Then he said,"Dad,you have just worked a profound change in my personality. 13.The bonus program co of Note:The first one is a transitive verb meaning pro uce,bring abo It,ca the second one is an intransitive verb,meaning "be effective,have the desirec outcome” e.g.The two-month military training has worked a change in his living habits. It's no good trying that method,because it won't work

Because he didn’t want to have a talk with his wife any longer at that time. 7. “Did you have a nice lunch?” she asked sweetly. (1) Do you think his wife was happy when she asked this question? Absolutely not. (2) If not, why does the writer use the word “sweetly”? The wife was greatly disturbed by what was going on at home and she was angry with her husband for the suggestion he had made to his sons. But she sounded sweet on purpose to disarm him before she dumped her anger on him. 8. I had had a marvelous steak, but knew better by now than to say so. (1) know better than: be wise or well-trained enough not to e.g. You should have known better than to make friends with such a mean person. (2) Meaning: The husband was smart enough to know that he should not speak the truth. He was well aware of his wife’s anger but he didn’t want to make her even angrier by telling her he was enjoying himself far away from home, while she was suffering. 9. They’ve been at it for hours. Plastic bags have been filled and piled to the ceiling, but all this hasn’t made a dent, not a dent, in the situation! (1) at: prep. engaged in, busy over e.g. He was still at work in his office when the fire broke out. (2) dent: n. e.g. The accident left a dent in his new car. Phrase: make a dent in: a. reduce the amount or level of sth. e.g. The roof repairs made quite a dent in our saving. b. progress, make a first step towards success (often negative) e.g. Peter studied all evening, but hardly made a dent in his homework. 10. Obtaining an audience with son No. 1, I snarled,… (1) Meaning: Getting a chance to talk to my oldest son. (2) What can we infer from the word “obtaining” and “No. 1” here? From “obtaining” we can know that his oldest son was reluctant to talk on the phone. Then from “No. 1” we can guess that the oldest son is the most important person in the delivery business in the household for the time being since “No. 1” means “the chief person in an organization.” 11. “But that would cut into our profit,” he suggested. cut into: reduce, decrease e.g. The pollution of the river cut into the value of the houses in that neighborhood. 12. There was a short, thoughtful silence. Then he said, “Dad, you have just worked a profound change in my personality.” 13. The bonus program had worked until someone demanded to see the color of cash. Note: The first one is a transitive verb, meaning “produce, bring about, cause” while the second one is an intransitive verb, meaning “be effective, have the desired outcome”. e.g. The two-month military training has worked a change in his living habits. It’s no good trying that method, because it won’t work

14.Then some activist on the work force claimed that the workers had no business bonuses while the bosse hu of dollars each have no business:have no right or reason e.g.She had no business to publish my letters. You have no business saying such things about my brother sette for.accept,although not altogether satisfactory e.g.Many women refuse to settle for staying at home Bill wanted $1,000 for his used car but settled for $600 15.Still.it was "enough as one of them put it.to enable them to"avoid indignity" for quite a while. nuch worked it was n to for money for a considerable period oftime,as one of the boys said (2)虽然如此，可正如一个儿子所说，那还是“足够”他们花一阵子，使他们“避角那种有失尊亚的事。 16.Then you might as well make a little money from them.We wanted to avoid the indignity of having to ask you for (1)may/might as well:had better,have no strong reason not to e.g.Since it's such a fine day,we might as well go home on foot. I suppose we may as well get started. (2)What is the last word his two youngest sons didn't speak out? (3)Considering what his two college-age sons s (in L.what can we infer from this sentence? A.The two youngest sons have leamnt a lot from what their elder brothers did.They also want to be independent. B.The author just antstotel readers making money by doing some extra work is good for college student C.The two youngest sons are too naive to know life. IV.Summary 1.Main idea of the text boys undertake(投递) of ad inserts(为了避免老是向人讨钱而有失尊严 At first,they think its(轻而易举的事 just like the message printed on the bag(“轻轻松松赚大钱) But it turns out to be a hard job.They have to finish the delivery before the(规定的时间) er brothers and sisters and neighborhood children to help for demand more and see the color of cash.To get them to retum to work,the college men agree to(增加每小时一块钱奖金)to the“worker”who fills the most bags, even though this wil(减少他们的利润)」 The job is finally(做完) After(结完帐) with the

14. Then some activist on the work force claimed that the workers had no business settling for $5 and a few competitive bonuses while the bosses collected hundreds of dollars each. have no business: have no right or reason e.g. She had no business to publish my letters. You have no business saying such things about my brother. settle for: accept, although not altogether satisfactory e.g. Many women refuse to settle for staying at home. Bill wanted $1,000 for his used car but settled for $600. 15. Still, it was “enough”, as one of them put it, to enable them to “avoid indignity” for quite a while. (1) Meaning: Although $ 185 was not much considering the long hours they worked, it was “enough” to enable them to “avoid (the) indignity” of asking their parents for money for a considerable period of time, as one of the boys said. (2) 虽然如此，可正如一个儿子所说，那还是“足够”他们花一阵子，使他们“避免那种有失尊严的事。” 16. Then you might as well make a little money from them. We wanted to avoid the indignity of having to ask you for ...” (1) may / might as well: had better; have no strong reason not to e.g. Since it’s such a fine day, we might as well go home on foot. I suppose we may as well get started. (2) What is the last word his two youngest sons didn’t speak out? Money. (3) Considering what his two college-age sons say (in LL. 6~7), what can we infer from this sentence? A. The two youngest sons have learnt a lot from what their elder brothers did. They also want to be independent. B. The author just wants to tell readers making money by doing some extra work is good for college students. C. The two youngest sons are too naive to know life. IV. Summary 1. Main idea of the text Two college-age boys undertake (投递) ______of ad inserts (为了避免老是向人讨钱而有失尊严)___________At first, they think it is (轻而易举的事) __________________________just like the message printed on the bag (“轻轻松松赚大钱”) ____________________________ ”. But it turns out to be a hard job. They have to finish the delivery before the (规定的时间) _________________________, so they hire their younger brothers and sisters and neighborhood children to help for five dollars an hour. Yet soon the children (罢工) _____________________and demand more and see the color of cash. To get them to return to work, the college men agree to (增加每小时一块钱奖金) to the “worker” who fills the most bags, even though this will (减少他们的利润) ________________________. The job is finally (做完)_______________. After (结完帐)____________________with the