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CONTENTS Unit Topi Functional items Festival Festivals around Making phone calls How festivals begin Invitations the world low festivals are celebrated Thanks P1 Suggestions and advice Problems with diet Healthy eating Balanced diet and nutrition Seeing the doctor Agreement and disagreement P9 The million Forms of literature and art Requests 3 pound short story and drama Ordering food Bank Note How to act out a play Shopping P17 Astronomy: the Science of the stars science of The development of life Instructions the stars ace travel and gravity P25 Direction Canada Geography of Canada "The True North Position Multicultural society P33 Emotions Notes to the texts P76 Appendices Grammar P89 Words and expressions in each unit P94 Vocabulary P100
Structunes Reading Writing Workbook Modal verbs Festivals and celebrations may /might, can/ could will/ would, shall should A sad love story Narrative: a stor P41 Winter Carnival in Quebec must/cant Modal verbs Come and eat here(1) ought to /ought not to/have Come and eat here(2 Persuasive writing to /dont have to / mustn't/ P48 For/Against building a an advertisement needn't McDonalds The Million Pound Bank Note Noun clauses as the object and Act I. Scene 3 Creative writing P55 radicati Act I Scene 4 a scene for a play Act Il Scene 4 How life began on the earth Noun clauses as the subject A visit to the moon Expository writing P62 solving a problen Caught by a black hole A trip on"The True North The True North"from Toronto Descriptive writing: Noun clauses as the appositive P69 to montreal a report Iqaluit-the frozen town Irregular verbs P107 Changes in international phonetic symbols for English P110
FEstivals around Unit the wore Warming Up Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year. Different countries have different festivals. Work in groups and list below three more Chinese festivals that you know. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time. Then tell the group which festival is your favourite and wh Festival Time of year /date What it celebrates What people do Mid-Autumn autumn/fall the beauty of the full moon, give and eat mooncakes Festival harvest, time with family watch the full moon with and friends family and friends Pre-reading What festivals or celebrations do you have in your city or town? What part of a festival do you like best -the activities. the music. the sights. the food or the people who visit? 2 Look at the pictures and title of the passage below. Discuss in pairs what kind of information you think will be introduced in the passage Reading FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times, Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had 5 caught animals. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. Todays festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and Wangguo Festival some for special people or events
Unit I Festivals around the world Festivals of the dead 10 Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors who might return either to help or to do harm. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico. people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes s with"bones"on them. They offer food. flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a childrens festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbours do not 20 give any sweets. the children might play a trick on them Festivals to Honour People Festivals can also be held to honour famous people. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher 25 Columbus in the New World. India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain Indias independence from britain Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their 30 food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. In European countries. people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals Some people might win awards for their farm produce. like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals. when people admire the moon and in China enjoy mooncakes 35 Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China. people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families v, celebrate the Lunar New Year together. Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life me. Japans Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while
Unit 1 Festivals around the world Comprehending 1 Skim the reading passage and then fill in the following chart Kinds of Festivals Names of Festivals Countries Festivals of the Dead Festivals to Honour people Harvest Festivals Spring Festivals 2 Use the information from the reading passage to answer the following questions What are festivals of the dead usually for? 2 What makes autumn festivals happy events? 3 What do people usually do at spring festivals? 4 What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations? s Compare the festivals of the dead in Mexico, Japan and China. What things are similar? what things are different? 3 Based on the reading passage, what do most festivals seem to have in common? Why do you think these things might be important to people everywhere? Talk with your partner and fill in the chart below Three common things Reasons why they are important to people everywhere 2 3 4 Discuss in pairs which festivals you think are the most important and which are the most fun then fill in the chart with your ideas Type of festival Example of festival Reasons for your choice Most important Most fun 3
Unit I Festivals around the world earning about anguage Discovering useful words and expressions 1 Which of these words can become adjectives with the -ous or -al ending? which can become nouns with the (a)tion ending Choose the correct ending for each word and then write out the new word. Use the dictionary to help you religion relIgIous culture produce danger nation educate humour Season celebrate courage origin predIct 2 Complete the passage below with the words and expressions in the box. as though belief celebration Christians custom have fun with origin religious Many people think that Christmas is a western but in fact it is really a worldwide holiday, Christmas actually started as a festival celebrated b around the world. Its is around the 3rd or 4th century AD. when the of remembering Jesus birth on December 25th first started. Today, of course. many people celebrate Christmas it were just a holiday to family. rather than a holiday about a 3 Complete each of the sentences with a suitable word or phrase from the box in its correct form. Then read these famous quotes aloud Can you think of any chinese idioms or sayings that carry the same meaning? custom admire feast harvest trick belief starve gather gain look forward to Dont the day you stop suffering because when it comes you know you ' ll be dead at his masters gate predicts the ruin of the state. willi. m Bil.ke I would rather have a mind opened by wonder than one closed by you rosebuds while you may. old time is still a-flying. and this same flower that smiles today. tomorrow will be dying. Roh llnck However big the fool. there is always a bigger fool to him. Noles boileau then is the great guide of human life. D)sid llumo Other peoples are always the best but ones own children are always the best children,I ni s There is no on earth that does not end in parting. I nuns o Everyone has sme they can do, but each has his own way of doing the m. I nk nwn o Those who can lose shall those who wish for shall lose. known