生藥學 Textbook Pharmacognosy and Pharmacobiotechnology James E. robbers, Marilyn K. Speedie, Varro E. Tyler 1996. Williams& wilkins
生藥學 Textbook “Pharmacognosy and Pharmacobiotechnology” James E. Robbers, Marilyn K. Speedie, Varro E. Tyler 1996, Williams& Wilkins
Introduction to pharmacognosy mAter ia medica: Medical matter ■ Pharmacognosy two Greek wor aS pharmakon (Drug) and gnosis (Knowledge) aWhy study this course? ■生菜( Pharmacognosy) ■中菜( Traditional Chinese medicine,TCM 1草藥( Her bal medicine)
Introduction to Pharmacognosy nMateria medica: Medical matter nPharmacognosy: two Greek wor ds pharmakon (Drug) and gnosis (Knowledge) nWhy study this course? n生藥(Pharmacognosy) n中藥(Traditional Chinese Medicine, TCM) n草藥(Her bal Medicine)
Why study natural products )? chemistry(Phytochemistry
Why study natural products chemistry (Phytochemistry)?
Novel Skeleton and Drug Lead Ovc-cH Strome (ATtica) Gly(ryrie Cocaine ①6鲨 ethete IrO me OCH OCH OCH CHOHICHOE Giaifeuiir Guaiacol
Novel Skeleton and Drug Lead
Continued a OCH OCH COa HC一coOH B c Salicylic acid
Continued
Availability(Economical Factor RO Me0 H Mte0￡ Morphine R=H Caffeine Codeine r= me Vinhlastme r=me Vmcnistm R= Cho LH HO CHCH5 COOH HYox HOOC Gkevrrhizim Ergotamine
Availability (Economical Factor)
Plant nomenclature Pa apaver somniferum Linn ne(Papaveraceae) ■ Habitat產地:道地丶引進丶栽種(馴化) Part of use使用部位 ■Coca: leaves Pilocarpus毛果芸香: Leaflet Opium:fuly grown unripe capsule ■ Cinchona:bark Rauwolfia serpentina印度蛇木:root ■ Harvest探收時期 a Morphine vs codeine
n Plant Nomenclatur e n Papaver somniferum Linné (Papaveraceae) n Habitat產地：道地、引進、栽種(馴化) n Part of use使用部位 n Coca: leaves n Pilocarpus毛 果 芸 香 : Leaflet Opium: fully gr own unripe capsule n Cinchona: bar k n Rauwolfia serpentina印度蛇木: root n Har vest採收時期 n Morphine vs. codeine
Chemical classification
Chemical classification
1. Complex polysaccharides: Acacia阿拉伯膠, Plantago seed車前子 2. Glycosides苷類丶配醣體 Steroid固醇類: Sennosides 番瀉苷丶 Ginsenosides人參皂苷丶 Glycyrrhizin甘草素 Digitalis glycosides毛地黃苷 CH-OH HOH,C OH HOHO OH CO HOH- HO Hu7 dH0To-zcroH HO OH Sennoside a cathari下劑 Ginsenoside R Digitoxin Cardiotonic
•1. Complex Polysacchar ides: Acacia阿拉伯膠, Plantago seed車前子 •2. Glycosides苷類、配醣體/Steroid固醇類: Sennosides 番瀉苷、Ginsenosides人參皂苷、Glycyrrhizin甘草素、 Digitalis glycosides毛地黃苷
3. Lipids油脂: Castor O蓖癒油丶 Soybean Oil大豆油 Rapeseed Oil油菜子油丶 Lanolin 4. Terpenoids: Camphor樟腦( Monoterpene單萜) artemisinin青蒿素( Sesquiterpene倍芈萜) Glycyrrhetic acid草酸( (Triterpene-必ene雙菇) Ginkgolide a銀杏內酯及Taxo紫杉醇Oit β Carotene( Tetraterpene四萜) Terpenoids, built by isoprene unit Cs (CH) OH 1. Monoterpenoids: C1o 2. Sesquiterpenoids: Cu Ricinoleic acid H3C(HCh 3. Diterpenoids: C2 from Castor oil 4. Triterpenoids: C 50p1 OH (+) Camphor ∧oH0CHN 2} Art eirin(Cx) Gkgchle A(Cx Azt -PAF COCOs cN在?2A型a Taxol(C
3. Lipids油脂: Castor Oil蓖麻油、Soybean Oil大豆油、 Rapeseed Oil油菜子油、Lanolin 4. Terpenoids: Camphor樟腦(Monoterpene單萜)、 Artemisinin青蒿素(Sesquiterpene倍半萜)、 Ginkgolide A銀杏內酯及Taxol紫杉醇(Diterpene雙萜)、 Glycyrrhetic acid甘草次酸(Triterpene三萜)、 b-Carotene(Tetraterpene四萜)