What Is the New Trend Text A of Electrical Engineering? The worldwide electrical and electronics industry is the most flourishing and extremely diversified sector consisting of numerous electronics company,electronics engineers,electrical engineers,electricians,scientists and researchers.This sector has been growing at a rapid pace with human-friendly innovations,inventions and technology trends.Moreover,an ever-increasing customer inclination towards electronics products and services is driving electronic companies to come up with better innovations and inventions. The main emphasis of these technology trends is to derive unmatched efficiency with greatly reduced size of the existing apparatus.The following list is an attempt to enlist all such future trends and innovations. However,it is only a part of a long list of modern innovations and future trends which will make our world so hi-tech that is beyond our imagination.As a matter of note,this list of future trends will keep on being updated along the course of time Dielectrie susceptibility of a material The finding of the dielectric susceptibility has provided enough chances to the engineers to make some ultra-equipped and highly sensitive technological and electronic devices.This discovery is a result of the effect of electric field on a nanostructure of lead zirconate.This specific feature of any material is supposed to be a boon for nanostructures.The importance of this innovation has been widely hailed as it has opened up many doors of making tiny but effective electronic devices. Detection systems based on quantum-entanglemient effect Entanglement,a unique feature of quantum physics,is well set to be used in future detection and imaging systems.It is said to be more efficient and accurate than Unit 8 New Trends in Electrical Engineering 151
What ,Is the New Trend · m:llJ of Electrical Engineering? 1 The worldwide electrical and electronics industry is the most flourishing and extremely diversified sector consisting of numerous electronics company, electronics engineers, electrical engineers , electricians , scientists and researchers. sector bas been growing at a rapid pace with human-friendly innovations, inventions and teclmology trends. Moreover, an ev~r-increasing customer inclination towards electronics products and services is driving electronic companies to come up with better innovations and inventions . 2 The main emphasis of these technology trends is to derive unmatched efficiency with greatly reduced size of the exis apparat1.1s. The following list is an attempt to enlist all such future trends and innovations. J However, it is only a part of a long list of modem innovations and future trends which will make our world so hi-tech that is beyond our imagination. As a matter of note, this list of future trends will keep on being updated along the course of time. Dielectric susceptibility of a material 4 The finding of the dielectric susceptibility has provided enough chances to the engineers to make some ultra-equipped and highly sensitive technological and electronic devices. This discovery is a result of the effect of electric field on a nanostructure of lead zirconate . This specific feature of any material is supposed to be a boon for nanostructures. The importance of this innovation has been widely hailed as it has opened up many doors of making tiny but effective electronic devices. Detection systems based on quantum-entanglement effect s Entanglement , a unique feature of quantum physics, is well set to be used in future detection and imaging systems. It is said to be more efficient and accurate than Unit 8 New Trends in Electrical Engineering 1 51
those of many detection systems available these days.This mechanism could spread entangled beams of light on any object.This could make a very detailed,fair and accurate image of the object being detected.This mechanism is supposed to work on the same principle which is applied to detect planes at airforce stations and airports. Cell-sized batteries .The microbatteries could be only half the size of a human cell.Interestingly,these would be made of viruses.This rare innovation is set to provide us a relief from heavy 9-volts batteries and other models.This technology involves the use of microcontact printing.This printing fabricates and positions microbattery electrodes.Further,it is probably the first use of virus in this field.These batteries could be used in a series of fields such as computers,cell phones and medical equipments which are implantable Precise pattern micro-chip This innovation is supposed to bring microchip technology at its peak.This system works when some molecules are made to assemble themselves into precise patterns A self-assembling molecular system which is called block copolymers was known for many years.This system was not very effective as it could produce a molecular orders or pattems in a very limited way via self-assembling.Thus to make it more equipped and advanced,this"limited self-assembly"was made to combine with conventional lithographic chip-making technology.These lithographic pattems cause a tight-hold over self-assembling molecules.Thus they become more structured. High-power solar concentrators As the initial research has proved to be fruitful,there are chances that in coming years we will see a sort of solar concentrator,which would be more efficient than the contemporary solar concentrators.The most striking part of this innovation is that it brings huge amount of solar light to the solar cells without tracking the sun.Though it showed only9%of stability during the research,it is supposed to guarantee 100% stability till it is put in the market. Smart optical microchips .Days are not far away when we could see a microchip not running by electricity but by 152电气工程英语
those of many detection systems available these days. This mechanism could spread entangled beams of light on an_Y object. This could make a very detailed, rand accurate image of the object being detected . This mechanism is supposed to work on the saine principle ch is applied to detect planes at airforce stations and orts. Cell-sized batteries 6 The micro batteries could be only half the size of a human cell. Interestingly, these would be made of viruses. rare innovation is set to provide us a relief from heavy 9-volts batteries and other models. technology involves the use of microcontact printing. This printing fabricates and positions microbattery electrodes. Further, it is probably the first use of virus in this field. These batteries could be used in a series of fields such as computers, cell phones and me cal equipments which are implantable. Precise pattern micro-chip 1 This innovation is supposed to bring microchip technology at its peak. This system works when some molecules are made to assemble themselves into precise patterns. A self-assembling molecular system which is called block copolymers was known for many years. This system was not very effective as it could produce a molecularorders or patterns in a very limited way via self-assemb g. Thus to make it more equipped and advanced , this "limited self-assembly" was made to combine with conventional lithographic chip-making technology . These lithographic patterns cause a tight-hold over self-assembling molecules. Thus they become more structured. High-power solar concentrators s As the initial research has proved to be fruitful , there are chances that in coming years we will see a sort of solar concentrator , which would be more efficient than ti contemporary solar concentrators. The most striking part of this innovation is that it brings huge amount of solar light to the solar cells without tracking the sun. Though it showed only 92% of stab ty during the research, it is supposed to guarantee 100% stability till it is put in the market. Smart optical microchips 9 Days are not far away when we could see a microchip not running by electricity but by 152 电气工程英语
system.This chip may be capable of beingm of bandwidth available in an optical networkAlso this chip may"automatically process signals flowing through fiber-optic networks,without using any electrical power". New analog circuits These much optimized and latest analog circuits may one day eliminate all the operational amplifiers.However,it is said that it would be as useful as the existing operational amplifier-based circuits.The scientists call these analog circuits as comparator-based switched capacitor(CBSC)circuits.They are said to be more user-friendly and power efficient as they are well equipped to handle voltages in a much better way.This is being termed as something which can give a new dimension to the consumer electronics. III-V compound semiconductors These are the latest in the line of semiconductors.These semiconductors,specified as composite materials,can squeeze the size of existing transistors to an unbelievable smaller size,so far heard only.The electrons travel many times faster in these composite materials than they could travel in silicon.Indium gallium arsenide,or InGaAs,is one of those composite materials which allow the electrons to move at their fastest.The size of an InGaAs transistor is not more than 60 nanometers and it is capable of carrying2.5 times more current than the conventional silicon transistors. Wireless energy transmitter The wireless energy transmitter would be able to recharge laptops,cellphones and othe small devices without coming in actual physical contact of these devices.Amazingly, they would recharge such things from few meters away.The installation of only one such device would be enough to supply power to almost all the laptops and cellphones being used in the home.It works by surrounding the devices making a non-radioactive electromagnetic field instead of transmitting electromagnetic waves.The interesting aspect of this device is that it reabsorbs the energy that remains unused by the devices. Unit 8 New Trends in Electrical Engineering 153
the light itself. This microchip is set to utilize a-complete _and U11orthodox functional system. This c)up may be capable ofbeing aq扣浊允 fo tbe. "amount ofbandwidth available in an optical network". Also this chip may "automatically process signals flowing through fiber-optic networks, without using any electrical power". New analog circuits 10 These much optimized and latest analog circuits may one day eliminate all the operational amplifiers. However, it is said that it would be as useful as the existing operational ampl er-based circuits. The scientists call these analog circuits as comparator-based switched capacitor (CBSC) circuits. They are said to be more user-friendly and power efficient as they are well equipped to handle voltages in a much better way. This is being te ed as something which can give a new dimension to the consumer electronics. ill-V compound semiconductors 11 These are the latest il1 the line of semiconductors. These semiconductors, specified as composite materials, can squeeze the size of existing transistors to an unbelievable smaller size, so far heard only. The electrons travel many times faster in these composite materials tl they could travel in silicon. Indium gal arsenide, or InGaAs, is one of those composite materials which allow the electrons to move at their fastest. The size of an InGaAs transistor is not more than 60 nanometers and it is capable of carrying 2.5 times more current than the conventional silicon transistors. Wireless energy transmitter 12 The wireless energy transmitter would be able to recharge laptops, cellphones and other small devices without coming in actual physical contact of these devices. Amazingly, they would recharge such things from few meters away. The installation of only one such device would be enough to supply power to almost all the laptops and cellphones being used in the home. It works by surrounding the devices ing a non-radioactive electromagnetic field instead of transmitting electromagnetic waves. The interesting aspect of this device is that it reabsorbs the energy that remains unused by the devices. Unit 8 New Trends in Electrical Engineering 153
New words and expressions an oxyanion that contains zirconium[化]信酸盐 produced by or involved in lithography平版的：平 皓酸根 版印刷的 entanglement /in'taenglmant/n. unorthodox An'o:0adoks/adj. the action or fact of entangling or being entangled contrary to what is usual,traditional or accepted. 纠缠：维绕物 not orthodox非正统的：异端的 electrode /'lektraud/n. dielectricsusceptibility介质磁化率：电介质极化 a conductor through which electricity enters or quantum physics量子物理学：量子力学 leaves an object,.substance,.or region电极：电焊条 olar concentrator太阳能集中器 copolymer /kou'polrma(r)/n. comparator-based switched capacitor比较器式 a polymer consisting of two or more different 开关电容器 monomers共聚物 indium gallium arsenide铟家钟化物 154电气工程英语
' zirconate /'Z3:k~nert/ n. an oxyanion that contains zirconium ［化］铝酸盐； 铅酸根 entanglement /m't l)Qlm~nt n. the action or fact of entangling or being entangled 纠缠； 绕物 electrode /r'lektr;;,ud/ n a conductor through which electricity enters or leaves an object, substance, or region 电极；电焊条 copolymer /k pohm~(r)/ n. a polymer consisting of two or more different monomers 共聚物 154 电气工程英语 lithographic /, I) u'gr忒心 dj. produced by or involved in lithography 平版的； 印刷的 unorthodox ,A 心：加doks adj. contrary to what is usual, traditional or accepted, not orthodox 非正统的； 异端 dielectric susceptibility 质磁 ；电介 极化 quantum physics 量子物理 子力 solar concentrator 太阳 comparator-based switched capacitor 器式 indium galJium arsenide 锁铢碑化物