5人类基因定位 人类遗传图制图工作始于1936年,主要应用系谱分析法。 70年代以后新技术的采用使此工作得到进展。 90年代的人类基因组计划( human genome project) (1)系谱分析法 (2)体细胞杂交(同线、缺失、剂量效应等) (3)原位杂交
5 人类基因定位 人类遗传图制图工作始于1936年，主要应用系谱分析法。 70年代以后新技术的采用使此工作得到进展。 90年代的人类基因组计划(human genome project) (1)系谱分析法 (2)体细胞杂交 （ 同线、缺失、剂量效应等） (3)原位杂交
n ;: 10 bT泉自息 虽 14 15 X Karyotype of a human male, showing how size, centromere position, and banding pattern(produced by trypsin-giemsa treatment) can be used to recognize specific human chromosomes. (Photograph by Fred Dill
Mouse fibroblast Sendai 圈的 Fusion med Proliferation Hybrid ce of hybrids to form colonies on selective medium Hybrid colony A Colony B Colony c
16M. E 日 UGPP RNSS MDH-1 Ga/-1-PT PGM, ade: B HL 日 Gly'A qQ RNr RNr RNr TATr
荧光原位杂交
荧光原位杂交
遣传图诺 因图讲 有关人类基因组计划 0.c 或【h 序列图进 (20年前成 JAR Lh ST5 m4
有关人类基因组计划
(五)链孢霉的连锁与互换 Fungal life cycles (b)Neurospora crassa Ascus containing eight haploid ascospores A-mating type ascospore a-mating type ascospore released; germination released; germination Mitosis Tetrad Asexual spores Conidia Meiosis Il (conidia) t Meiosis I Germination Germination Ascus Vegetative life ormation Vegetative life cycle(haploid 2n zygotes= A/a cycle(haploid Sexual life cycle: A-type cells fuse with Nuclear fusion Sexual life cycle a-type cells fuse with opposite mating type opposite mating typ A Binucleate cell (n +n)=A+a
(五)链孢霉的连锁与互换
四分子分析与着丝粒作图( (tetrad analysis lys+ lys 将着丝粒作为一个 -locus来计算基因与着丝粒之间的距离
四分子分析与着丝粒作图 (tetrad analysis) lys+ lys- 将着丝粒作为一个locus 来计算基因与着丝粒之间的距离
Formation of ordered tetrads Meiosis Meiosis ll Mitosis Resulting metaphase metaphase metaphaseoctad Spindle m Genetically identical cells
Two segregation patterns Meiosis I Meiosis Il (first division) Mitosis Segregation pattern (second division) of ascospores (a)First division segregation patterns (b) second division segregation patterns )》