Working the land 李仕才 、阅读理解 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。 He had more than 160 reports as a reporter on the metro desk and more than 170 in 19 months as a national journalist based in Kansas city, Mo. But perhaps the most important piece of writing that A. G Sulzberger did for The New York Times before Wednesday--when he was named deputy publisher--was not an article and was not published in The Times, but was all about The Times That work came to be known as the“ innovation(创新) report”, which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896 and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping In a conversation in his office on Wednesday, Mr Sulzberger said he saw the innovation report and the thinking that led to his conclusions as "a wake-up call o the newsroom that we were at risk of missing the moment It was always easy to see how changes will endanger the traditions of the place, he said, "but what became really clear to me was not changing was the more dangerous course if we cared about the traditions of the place. Unlike some of the former deputy publishers in his role, Mr Sulzberger has been more experienced in the newsroom than in advertising or consumer marketing Still his colleagues described him as a quick study whose modesty masked deep inner confidence. Besides, in the newsroom or out on an assignment, Mr Sulzberger did not show off his connection to The Times owners. "I recognized the name said vincent Bova, a video editor who figured in a feature article that Mr. Sulzberger wrote in 2010. "I mean, I knew I was dealing with royalty. There was no reason for me to bring hat up with him, and he didnt. So mr Sulzberger in some way, has qualified himself for the position since long time ago 1. A G Sulzberger wrote the "innovation report" mainly to A. urge revolutions in The Times gain the position of deputy publisher C. promote changes in New York City D. show directions to his family future 2. What is the biggest threat to traditional media according to Mr Sulzberger?
Working the land 李仕才 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 He had more than 160 reports as a reporter on the Metro desk and more than 170 in 19 months as a national journalist based in Kansas City，Mo.But perhaps the most important piece of writing that A．G.Sulzberger did for The New York Times before Wednesday—when he was named deputy publisher—was not an article and was not published in The Times，but was all about The Times. That work came to be known as the “innovation(创新)report”，which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896 and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes. In a conversation in his office on Wednesday，Mr.Sulzberger said he saw the innovation report and the thinking that led to his conclusions as“a wakeup call to the newsroom that we were at risk of missing the moment”． “It was always easy to see how changes will endanger the traditions of the place，”he said，“but what became really clear to me was not changing was the more dangerous course if we cared about the traditions of the place.” Unlike some of the former deputy publishers in his role，Mr.Sulzberger has been more experienced in the newsroom than in advertising or consumer marketing.Still， his colleagues described him as a quick study whose modesty masked deep inner confidence.Besides，in the newsroom or out on an assignment，Mr.Sulzberger did not show off his connection to The Times' owners.“I recognized the name.”said Vincent Bova，a video editor who figured in a feature article that Mr.Sulzberger wrote in 2010.“I mean，I knew I was dealing with royalty.There was no reason for me to bring that up with him，and he didn't.”So Mr.Sulzberger，in some way，has qualified himself for the position since long time ago. 1．A.G.Sulzberger wrote the“innovation report”mainly to ________. A．urge revolutions in The Times B．gain the position of deputy publisher C．promote changes in New York City D．show directions to his family future 2．What is the biggest threat to traditional media according to Mr.Sulzberger?
A. Scientific development B. Rapid social changes. C. Their own stubbornness 3. How does the author show us what Mr Sulzberger is like in the last paragraph? A. By comparing him with others B. By interviewing him in person giving examples of his routines. quoting comments from others. 4. What does the author think of Mr Sulzberger according to the passage? A. Casual B. Objective. C. Admirable. D. Critica 【解题导语】本篇文章属于人物介绍类,介绍了著名出版人A.G. Sulzberger对《纽约 时报》的重要贡献,还介绍了他提出的“创新报道”理论以及他人对他的评价。 1.A考查推理判断。根据第二段“ That work came to be known as the‘ innovation(创 Arreport', which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future.. The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”可知,“创 新报道”关注报纸数字化未来的重要性,《纽约时报》如果不改革,则将面临危机。据此可 以判断,A.G. Sulzberger提及“创新报道”的目的是敦促《纽约时报》进行变革,故A项 正确。 2.C考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”和文章中提到的“ Innovation report”可 知,A.G. Sulzberger认为《纽约时报》如果不做出变革,则将面临危机:据此可以判断, A.G. Sulzberger认为传统媒体面临的最大的问题是它们固执己见,不思变革,故C项正确 3.D考査写作方法。通读最后一段可知,该段第二句介绍了同事对A.G. Sulzberger 的评价,第四句和第五句介绍了视频编辑 Vincent bova对他的评价;据此可以判断,最后 段是通过别人的评价来描述A.G. Sulzberger的,故D项正确。 4.C考査观点态度。通读全文可知,A.G. Sulzberger提出“创新报道”理论并前 瞻性地认识到数字化时代对传统媒体的影响,意识到传统媒体变革的重要意义:据此可以判 断,作者对A.G. Sulzberger的态度是钦佩的,故C项正确 二、单句语法填空 1.(2017·江苏高考) (determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival
A．Scientific developments. B．Rapid social changes. C．Their own stubbornness. D．Decreasing readers. 3．How does the author show us what Mr.Sulzberger is like in the last paragraph? A．By comparing him with others. B．By interviewing him in person. C．By giving examples of his routines. D．By quoting comments from others. 4．What does the author think of Mr.Sulzberger according to the passage? A．Casual. B．Objective. C．Admirable. D．Critical. 【解题导语】本篇文章属于人物介绍类，介绍了著名出版人 A.G.Sulzberger 对《纽约 时报》的重要贡献，还介绍了他提出的“创新报道”理论以及他人对他的评价。 1．A 考查推理判断。根据第二段“That work came to be known as the ‘innovation(创 新)report’ ，which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future...The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”可知，“创 新报道”关注报纸数字化未来的重要性，《纽约时报》如果不改革，则将面临危机。据此可 以判断，A.G.Sulzberger 提及“创新报道”的目的是敦促《纽约时报》进行变革，故 A 项 正确。 2．C 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”和文章中提到的“innovation report”可 知，A.G.Sulzberger 认为《纽约时报》如果不做出变革，则将面临危机；据此可以判断， A.G.Sulzberger 认为传统媒体面临的最大的问题是它们固执己见，不思变革，故 C 项正确。 3．D 考查写作方法。通读最后一段可知，该段第二句介绍了同事对 A.G.Sulzberger 的评价，第四句和第五句介绍了视频编辑 Vincent Bova 对他的评价；据此可以判断，最后 一段是通过别人的评价来描述 A.G.Sulzberger 的，故 D 项正确。 4．C 考查观点态度。通读全文可知， A．G.Sulzberger 提出“创新报道”理论并前 瞻性地认识到数字化时代对传统媒体的影响，意识到传统媒体变革的重要意义；据此可以判 断，作者对 A.G.Sulzberger 的态度是钦佩的，故 C 项正确。 二、单句语法填空 1 ． (2017·江 苏高 考 )________(determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival
答案: Determining分析句子结构可知,应用动名词短语作主语,即本句中 Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings作主语, remaIns是谓语动 2. The (produce) of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business. 答案: production由设空前的“the”和后面的“of”可知,应填所给词的名词形式 production“生产;制造”。 3. Nowadays, children have more (free): they can do whatever they like. 答案: freedom freedom名词“自由”,在本句中作宾语。 4. Cats can help rid the home mIce 答案: of rid...of“使摆脱或除去……”。 5. a heavy fire reduced 90 percent of the houses ashes 答案: to red to...“使……沦为…”。 6.I bitterly (regret) that I had missed the wonderful filr 答案: regretted所填词由 bitterly(副词)修饰,且由从句中 had missed可知,此 处用动词的一般过去时。 (disturb) to think about so much work to do 答案: disturbing disturbing“令人不安的”,在句中作表语 8. The discovery of new evidence led to the thief s (catch) 答案: being caught本句中, lead to后接名词或动名词(短语),且 the thief和 catch 存在被动关系,故填 being caught,即动名词的被动结构,作1 ead to的宾语。 9.I am not satisfy) with the way he cut my ha 答案: satisfied be satisfied with.为固定短语,意为“对……感到满意” 10. Though he is young, he is struggling (support) a large family. 答案: to support struggle to do sth.“努力做某事” 、完形填空 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可能填入空白处的 最佳选项 (2018·广东佛山市检测) A Letter to My Dad our year we found out about the cancer growing inside you. You told me the news that it had already spread and that you didn t know how long you had I was still at university. a parent dying was something that happened to people-people older than me i spent the first few months in For the first time
答案：Determining 分析句子结构可知，应用动名词短语作主语，即本句中 Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings 作主语，remains 是谓语动 词。 2．The ________(produce) of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business. 答案：production 由设空前的“the”和后面的“of”可知，应填所给词的名词形式。 production “生产；制造”。 3．Nowadays, children have more ________(free); they can do whatever they like. 答案：freedom freedom 名词“自由”，在本句中作宾语。 4．Cats can help rid the home ________mice. 答案：of rid ... of “使摆脱或除去……”。 5．A heavy fire reduced 90 percent of the houses ________ashes. 答案：to reduce ... to ... “使……沦为……”。 6．I bitterly ________(regret) that I had missed the wonderful film. 答案：regretted 所填词由 bitterly(副词)修饰，且由从句中 had missed 可知，此 处用动词的一般过去时。 7．It is ________(disturb) to think about so much work to do. 答案：disturbing disturbing “令人不安的”，在句中作表语。 8．The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's ________(catch)． 答案：being caught 本句中，lead to 后接名词或动名词(短语)，且 the thief 和 catch 存在被动关系，故填 being caught，即动名词的被动结构，作 lead to 的宾语。 9．I am not ________(satisfy) with the way he cut my hair. 答案：satisfied be satisfied with ... 为固定短语，意为“对……感到满意”。 10．Though he is young, he is struggling ________(support) a large family. 答案：to support struggle to do sth. “努力做某事”。 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的 最佳选项。 (2018·广东佛山市检测) A Letter to My Dad Four years ago we found out about the cancer growing inside you.You told me the news that it had already spread and that you didn't know how long you had __1__. I was still at university.A parent dying was something that happened to __2__ people—people older than me.I spent the first few months in__3__.For the first time
I felt 4, I wished I could just 5 you and take the cancer out. But there was nothing i could do been You reacted well to treatment and you re still here, though we dont know for how much 7 I' ve always wanted to say that I love you, and that Im 8 for everything you ve given me. But I cant. It feels like it is this unwritten 9 in our father-son relationship that 10 it. You re a man conservative and guarded with your You keep them to yourself and 12 others to do the same But i know you 13. I' ve seen your proud looks when I ve told you about my 14 at work and school over the years. I' ve seen your 15 when things havent gone well. I remember all the offers of help. I wish we could talk about what we 16 to each other. I wish you could tell you re 17 and I could tell you I love you. I wish these 18 concepts of masculinity(男子气概) weren' t so deeply19 in both of us. Maybe we will still see our way to that 20 before you go. But whatever the case, I just need to say it-I love you, and thank you 1. A waited B. left C. suffered D. stayed 2. A any B. few D. all 3. A doubt B. anger shoc 4. A powerless B. nervous C. lost 5. A reach inte B. turn to C. stand b D. look into 6. A confused B. luck C. active D. hopeless 7. A better B. deeper D. further B. grateful C. regretful D. desperate 9. A. letter B. word C. idea D. rule
I felt__4__.I wished I could just __5__ you and take the cancer out.But there was nothing I could do. We've been__6__.You reacted well to treatment and you're still here，though we don't know for how much __7__. I've always wanted to say that I love you，and that I'm__8__ for everything you've given me.But I can't.It feels like it is this unwritten__9__ in our fatherson relationship that__10__ it.You're a man conservative and guarded with your __11__.You keep them to yourself and __12__ others to do the same. But I know you __13__.I've seen your proud looks when I've told you about my __14__ at work and school over the years.I've seen your__15__ when things haven't gone well.I remember all the offers of help. I wish we could talk about what we __16__ to each other.I wish you could tell me you're __17__ and I could tell you I love you.I wish these __18__ concepts of masculinity(男子气概)weren't so deeply __19__ in both of us.Maybe we will still see our way to that __20__ before you go.But whatever the case，I just need to say it—I love you，and thank you. 1．A.waited B．left C．suffered D．stayed 2．A.any B．few C．other D．all 3．A.doubt B．anger C．vain D．shock 4．A.powerless B．nervous C．lost D．bored 5．A.reach into B．turn to C．stand by D．look into 6．A.confused B．lucky C．active D．hopeless 7．A.better B．deeper C．longer D．further 8．A.eager B．grateful C．regretful D．desperate 9．A.letter B．word C．idea D．rule
B. change D. transforms 11. A illnesses B. feelings D B C. allow D 13. Alie B. understand C. care D. fear 14. A achievements B. difficulties C. goals D. experiences B C. curiosity D. concern B. gi C. leave D. mean 17. A conservative B. brave D. helpful 18. A absurd B D. popu 19. A lost B. trapped C. rooted D. covered A situation solution C. achievement D. conversation 【解题导语】你以为你对他的爱很深沉,这是你了解的;你不了解的是,他对你的爱比 你的深沉一万倍。对父母的爱,要怎么才说得出口?别太晚。如果没有勇气当面表达,就写 封信来告诉他。 1.B四年前作者发现父亲身患癌症,癌细胞已经扩散,因此,此处指不知道还能活多 久。 how long you had left是“你还剩下多长时间”的意思,left用作后置定语。故选 2.C根据该空后的 people older than me可判断,作者以为父(母)亲垂死这件事只 会发生在比他年龄更大的人身上。故选C项。 3. D in doubt意为“怀疑”; in anger意为“生气地”: in valn意为“徒劳无益 地”; in shock意为“震惊地:吃惊地”。听到父亲患癌这件事,作者当然是长时间地感 到震惊。故选D项 刷有所得·方法:做完形填空题时,有些题要注意该空前后的介词、副词等。有时需要
10．A.prevents B．changes C．destroys D．transforms 11．A.illnesses B．feelings C．belongings D．opinions 12．A.require B．expect C．allow D．persuade 13．A.lie B．understand C．care D．fear 14．A.achievements B．difficulties C．goals D．experiences 15．A.power B．anger C．curiosity D．concern 16．A.have B．give C．leave D．mean 17．A.conservative B．brave C．proud D．helpful 18．A.absurd B．important C．useful D．popular 19．A.lost B．trapped C．rooted D．covered 20．A.situation B．solution C．achievement D．conversation 【解题导语】你以为你对他的爱很深沉，这是你了解的；你不了解的是，他对你的爱比 你的深沉一万倍。对父母的爱，要怎么才说得出口？别太晚。如果没有勇气当面表达，就写 封信来告诉他。 1．B 四年前作者发现父亲身患癌症，癌细胞已经扩散，因此，此处指不知道还能活多 久。how long you had left 是“你还剩下多长时间”的意思，left 用作后置定语。故选 B 项。 2．C 根据该空后的 people older than me 可判断，作者以为父(母)亲垂死这件事只 会发生在比他年龄更大的人身上。故选 C 项。 3．D in doubt 意为“怀疑”；in anger 意为“生气地”；in vain 意为“徒劳无益 地”；in shock 意为“震惊地；吃惊地”。听到父亲患癌这件事，作者当然是长时间地感 到震惊。故选 D 项。 刷有所得·方法：做完形填空题时，有些题要注意该空前后的介词、副词等。有时需要
分别把选项与前后的介词、副词相搭配,再判断它们搭配后哪个短语的意思更符合上下文的 逻辑 4.A根据下文 But there was nothing I could do.可知,作者什么都做不了,由此 可推测,此处指作者感到无能为力。 powerless意为“无能为力的”; nervous意为“紧张 不安的:焦虑的”:lost意为“迷路的:不知所措的”; bored意为“厌烦的:烦闷的” 根据语境可知选A项。 5.A根据下文 and take the cancer out可知,此处指作者希望可以进入父亲的身体 拿走癌细胞。 reach into意为“伸进;伸入”; turn to意为“转向;求助于”; stand by 意为“袖手旁观;支持”; look into意为“调查”。故选A项 6.B根据该空后面的 You reacted well to treatment and you' re still here可知, 作者的父亲对治疗反应很好并且依然还活着,所以作者一家感觉是幸运的( lucky)。故选B 项。 confused意为“困惑的:混乱的”; active意为“积极的”; hopeless意为“没有希 望的” 7.C父亲的治疗效果很好,“我们”很幸运,虽然不知道父亲还能坚持多久,但是他 还活着。 better意为“更好”; deeper意为“更深”; longer意为“更长久”; furthe 意为“更远”。故选C项 8.B根据设空后的 every thing you’ ve glven me可知,作者在此表达对父亲的感激 之情。 eager意为“渴望的;热切的”; grateful意为“感激的”; regretful意为“遗憾 的:后悔的”; desperate意为“绝望的”。故选B项。 9.D句意为:好像在我们的父子关系上就是这不成文的规则阻止了这句话被说出口。 unwritten rule意为“不成文的规则”,符合语境。故选D项。 10.A根据下文的You’ re a man conservative和 You keep them to yourself可知, 父亲很保守,所以这一不成文的规则阻止了父爱的表达。 prevent意为“阻止:防止” change意为“改变”; destroy意为“破坏:摧毁”; transform意为“使改观;使转化” 故选A项。 11. b guarded意为“谨慎的”,结合下文的 You keep them to yourself可知,此 处指父亲是一个保守的、对情感( feelings)谨慎的人。 conservative and guarded with your feelings作后置定语,修饰前面的aman。故选B项。 illness意为“疾病”; belongings 意为“所有物”: opinion意为“观点” 12.B根据前文对父亲的描述 conservative, guarded with your_可知,父 亲收敛自己的感情,希望别人也这样做。 require意为“要求”; expect意为“期望;盼望” alow意为“允许”; persuade意为“劝说:说服”。故选B项 13.C根据下文的 I ve seen your proud looks可知,父亲是很在意儿子的。lie意 为“撒谎”; understand意为“理解”;care意为“在意:;在乎”;fear意为“害怕
分别把选项与前后的介词、副词相搭配，再判断它们搭配后哪个短语的意思更符合上下文的 逻辑。 4．A 根据下文 But there was nothing I could do.可知，作者什么都做不了，由此 可推测，此处指作者感到无能为力。powerless 意为“无能为力的”；nervous 意为“紧张 不安的；焦虑的”；lost 意为“迷路的；不知所措的”；bored 意为“厌烦的；烦闷的”。 根据语境可知选 A 项。 5．A 根据下文 and take the cancer out 可知，此处指作者希望可以进入父亲的身体 拿走癌细胞。reach into 意为“伸进；伸入”；turn to 意为“转向；求助于”；stand by 意为“袖手旁观；支持”；look into 意为“调查”。故选 A 项。 6．B 根据该空后面的 You reacted well to treatment and you're still here 可知， 作者的父亲对治疗反应很好并且依然还活着，所以作者一家感觉是幸运的(lucky)。故选 B 项。confused 意为“困惑的；混乱的”；active 意为“积极的”；hopeless 意为“没有希 望的”。 7．C 父亲的治疗效果很好，“我们”很幸运，虽然不知道父亲还能坚持多久，但是他 还活着。better 意为“更好”；deeper 意为“更深”；longer 意为“更长久”；further 意为“更远”。故选 C 项。 8．B 根据设空后的 everything you've given me 可知，作者在此表达对父亲的感激 之情。eager 意为“渴望的；热切的”；grateful 意为“感激的”；regretful 意为“遗憾 的；后悔的”；desperate 意为“绝望的”。故选 B 项。 9．D 句意为：好像在我们的父子关系上就是这不成文的规则阻止了这句话被说出口。 unwritten rule 意为“不成文的规则”，符合语境。故选 D 项。 10．A 根据下文的 You're a man conservative 和 You keep them to yourself 可知， 父亲很保守，所以这一不成文的规则阻止了父爱的表达。prevent 意为“阻止；防止”； change 意为“改变”；destroy 意为“破坏；摧毁”；transform 意为“使改观；使转化”。 故选 A 项。 11．B guarded 意为“谨慎的”，结合下文的 You keep them to yourself 可知，此 处指父亲是一个保守的、对情感(feelings)谨慎的人。conservative and guarded with your feelings 作后置定语，修饰前面的 a man。故选 B 项。illness 意为“疾病”；belongings 意为“所有物”；opinion 意为“观点”。 12．B 根据前文对父亲的描述 conservative, guarded with your ________可知，父 亲收敛自己的感情，希望别人也这样做。require 意为“要求”；expect 意为“期望；盼望”； allow 意为“允许”；persuade 意为“劝说；说服”。故选 B 项。 13．C 根据下文的 I've seen your proud looks 可知，父亲是很在意儿子的。lie 意 为“撒谎”；understand 意为“理解”；care 意为“在意；在乎”；fear 意为“害怕
故选C项。 14.A根据前面的 your proud looks可知,父亲自豪的应该是作者取得的成就 ( achievements)。故选A项。 difficulty意为“困难”;goal意为“目标”; experience 意为“经历”。 15.D根据设空后的 when things haven’ t gone well及 I remember all the offers of help.可知,当事情进展不顺利时,父亲会主动提供帮助,因此可知,父亲是关心儿子的 power意为“力量;权力”; anger意为“愤怒:生气”; curioslty意为“好奇心”; concern 意为“担心;忧虑”。故选D项。 16.D结合下文 I wish you could tell me you'’re and I could tell you I love you.可知,作者希望父亲能够告诉他父亲是如何想的,作者也能告诉父亲作者爱他。 由此可推测,此处指作者希望能够与父亲谈论他们对彼此意味着(mean)什么。故选D项 17.C根据上文的 your proud looks可知,此处指作者希望父亲能够告诉他父亲为他 而自豪。 conservative意为“守旧的;保守的”; brave意为“勇敢的”; proud意为“骄 傲的:自豪的”; helpful意为“有帮助的”。故选C项 18.A根据上一题解析及空后的 masculinity可知,此处指作者希望这些荒谬的大男 子观念不会在他和父亲的心中根深蒂固。 absurd意为“荒唐的:可笑的”,符合语境。故 选A项。 Important意为“重要的”; useful意为“有用的”; popular意为“流行的”。 19.C根据语境可知,此处指作者希望这样的大男子观念不要根深蒂固。 lost in意 为“迷失在……”; trapped in意为“陷入”; rooted in意为“植根于;深植于”; covered in意为“被……覆盖”故选C项。 20.D根据上文的 talk about可知,此处指作者与父亲的谈话( conversation)。故选 D项。 四、单句改错 1. They focused all their attention to finding a solution to the problem. 答案:第一个to→ on focus one' s attention on( doing)sth.“集中精力(做)某事 2. They equipped with two sharp axes and set off for the forest. 答案:They后加were或 equipped后加 themselves be equipped with和 equip oneself th “配备有……” 3. Some people say that Chinese tend to be satisfying with what they have 答案: satisfying→ satisfied be satisfied with“对……感到满意”,主语通常
故选 C 项。 14．A 根据前面的 your proud looks 可知，父亲自豪的应该是作者取得的成就 (achievements)。故选 A 项。difficulty 意为“困难”；goal 意为“目标”；experience 意为“经历”。 15．D 根据设空后的 when things haven't gone well 及 I remember all the offers of help.可知，当事情进展不顺利时，父亲会主动提供帮助，因此可知，父亲是关心儿子的。 power 意为“力量；权力”；anger 意为“愤怒；生气”；curiosity 意为“好奇心”；concern 意为“担心；忧虑”。故选 D 项。 16．D 结合下文 I wish you could tell me you're ________ and I could tell you I love you.可知，作者希望父亲能够告诉他父亲是如何想的，作者也能告诉父亲作者爱他。 由此可推测，此处指作者希望能够与父亲谈论他们对彼此意味着(mean)什么。故选 D 项。 17．C 根据上文的 your proud looks 可知，此处指作者希望父亲能够告诉他父亲为他 而自豪。conservative 意为“守旧的；保守的”；brave 意为“勇敢的”；proud 意为“骄 傲的；自豪的”；helpful 意为“有帮助的”。故选 C 项。 18．A 根据上一题解析及空后的 masculinity 可知，此处指作者希望这些荒谬的大男 子观念不会在他和父亲的心中根深蒂固。absurd 意为“荒唐的；可笑的”，符合语境。故 选 A 项。important 意为“重要的”；useful 意为“有用的”；popular 意为“流行的”。 19．C 根据语境可知，此处指作者希望这样的大男子观念不要根深蒂固。lost in 意 为“迷失在……”；trapped in 意为“陷入”；rooted in 意为“植根于；深植于”；covered in 意为“被……覆盖”故选 C 项。 20．D 根据上文的 talk about 可知，此处指作者与父亲的谈话(conversation)。故选 D 项。 四、单句改错 1．They focused all their attention to finding a solution to the problem. _____________________________________________________ 答案：第一个 to→on focus one's attention on (doing) sth.“集中精力(做)某事”。 2．They equipped with two sharp axes and set off for the forest. _____________________________________________________ 答案：They后加were或equipped 后加themselves be equipped with和equip oneself with ... “配备有……”。 3．Some people say that Chinese tend to be satisfying with what they have. _____________________________________________________ 答案：satisfying→satisfied be satisfied with “对……感到满意”，主语通常
为人 4. Thanks for the success of the business, we can afford a holiday this year. 答案:for→ to thanks to“多亏了;由于”。 5. She would rather to buy her clothes through the Internet than in the supermarket 答案:去掉 to would rather do a than do b“比起做B更愿意做A 五、短文改错 (2017·合肥市第一次教学质量检测) I still remember the first day I come to this new school. Everything was new to me, what made me realize I was no longer a small child. I had to depend on me. luckily I made several good friend. Their interests were similar with mine. I had great English teacher, Maggie. She let me know the important of English. So i decided to learn English hardly al though it was very difficult at first, but with the help of my teacher, I made rapidly progress. Just as the old saying goes, "Where there is a will, there is a way. 【答案】 I still remember the first day I to this new school. Everyt hing was new to oo ich made me realize I was no longer a small child. I had to depend on yse Luckily, I made several good friends. Their interests were similar with friend had a great English teacher, Maggie. She let me know the nportant Importance of English. So I decided to learn English hardly Although it was very difficult at first, bNt with the rapidly help of my teacher, I made rapid progress. Just as the old saying goes,"Where there is a will, there is a way. 第一处:come→came。考查时态。本句话叙述我第一次来到这所学校的情景,应该用一般过去 时 第二处:what→ which。考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用 which引导非限制性定 语从句,修饰前面的句子“ Everything was new to me
为人。 4．Thanks for the success of the business, we can afford a holiday this year. _____________________________________________________ 答案：for→to thanks to “多亏了；由于”。 5．She would rather to buy her clothes through the Internet than in the supermarket. _____________________________________________________ 答案：去掉 to would rather do A than do B “比起做 B 更愿意做 A”。 五、短文改错 (2017·合肥市第一次教学质量检测) I still remember the first day I come to this new school.Everything was new to me，what made me realize I was no longer a small child.I had to depend on me.Luckily， I made several good friend.Their interests were similar with mine.I had great English teacher，Maggie. She let me know the important of English.So I decided to learn English hardly.Although it was very difficult at first，but with the help of my teacher，I made rapidly progress.Just as the old saying goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” 【答案】 I still remember the first day I come came to this new school.Everything was new to me， what which made me realize I was no longer a small child.I had to depend on me myself.Luckily，I made several good friend friends.Their interests were similar with to mine.I had ∧ a great English teacher，Maggie.She let me know the important importance of English.So I decided to learn English hardly hard .Although it was very difficult at first，but ﹨ with the help of my teacher，I made rapidly rapid progress.Just as the old saying goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” 第一处：come→came。考查时态。本句话叙述我第一次来到这所学校的情景，应该用一般过去 时。 第二处：what→which。考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用 which 引导非限制性定 语从句，修饰前面的句子“Everything was new to me
第三处:me→ myself。考查代词。句意:我不得不依靠我自己。当主语和宾语指的是同一个人 的时候,宾语要用反身代词。 第四处: friend→ friends。考查名词的数。由前面的 several(几个)可知,此处应用名词的 复数形式 第五处:with→to。考査固定搭配。 be similar to..意为“与……相似”,为固定搭配。 第六处: great前加a。考查冠词。句意:我有一位了不起的英语老师 Maggie。此处表泛指, 应用不定冠词 第七处: Important→ lmportance。考查名词。句意:她让我认识到英语的重要性。由定冠词 可知,此处应用名词。 第八处: hardly→hard。考查副词。句意:因此我决定努力学习英语。hard意为“努力地”, hardly意为“几乎不”。根据句意可知,应用hard 第九处:删除but。考査连词。 although意为“尽管”,不与but连用,因此删除but。 第十处: rapidly→ rapid。考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词,因此将 rapidly改为 rapid 专题08遗传的基本规律 1.(2018天津卷,6)某生物基因型为AA2,A1和A2的表达产物N1和N2可随机组合形成 二聚体蛋白,即NIN1、N1N2、N2N2三种蛋白。若该生物体内A2基因表达产物的数量是A1 的2倍,则由A1和A2表达产物形成的二聚体蛋白中,N1N1型蛋白占的比例为 A.1/3B.1/4C.1/8D.1/9 【答案】D 【解析】基因A、A的表达产物N、N2可随机结合,组成三种类型的二聚体蛋白NN2、NN2 NN2,若该生物体内A2基因表达产物的数量是A的2倍,则M占1/3,N2占2/3,由于N和 N2可随机组合形成二聚体蛋白,因此NN占1/3×1/3=1/9 2.(2018江苏卷,6)一对相对性状的遗传实验中,会导致子二代不符合3:1性状分离比 的情况是 A.显性基因相对于隐性基因为完全显性 B.子一代产生的雌配子中2种类型配子数目相等,雄配子中也相等 C.子一代产生的雄配子中2种类型配子活力有差异,雌配子无差异 D.统计时子二代3种基因型个体的存活率相等 【答案】C
第三处：me→myself。考查代词。句意：我不得不依靠我自己。当主语和宾语指的是同一个人 的时候，宾语要用反身代词。 第四处：friend→friends。考查名词的数。由前面的 several(几个)可知，此处应用名词的 复数形式。 第五处：with→to。考查固定搭配。be similar to...意为“与……相似”，为固定搭配。 第六处：great 前加 a。考查冠词。句意：我有一位了不起的英语老师 Maggie。此处表泛指， 应用不定冠词。 第七处：important→importance。考查名词。句意：她让我认识到英语的重要性。由定冠词 the 可知，此处应用名词。 第八处：hardly→hard。考查副词。句意：因此我决定努力学习英语。hard 意为“努力地”， hardly 意为“几乎不”。根据句意可知，应用 hard。 第九处：删除 but。考查连词。although 意为“尽管”，不与 but 连用，因此删除 but。 第十处：rapidly→rapid。考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，因此将 rapidly 改为 rapid。 专题 08 遗传的基本规律 1．（2018 天津卷，6）某生物基因型为 A1A2，A1 和 A2 的表达产物 N1 和 N2 可随机组合形成 二聚体蛋白，即 N1N1、N1N2、N2N2 三种蛋白。若该生物体内 A2 基因表达产物的数量是 A1 的 2 倍，则由 A1 和 A2 表达产物形成的二聚体蛋白中，N1N1 型蛋白占的比例为 A. 1/3 B. 1/4 C. 1/8 D. 1/9 【答案】D 【解析】基因 A1、A2 的表达产物 N1、N2 可随机结合，组成三种类型的二聚体蛋白 N1N1、N1N2、 N2N2，若该生物体内 A2 基因表达产物的数量是 A1 的 2 倍，则 N1 占 1/3，N2 占 2/3，由于 N1和 N2 可随机组合形成二聚体蛋白，因此 N1N1 占 1/3×1/3=1/9。 2．（2018 江苏卷，6）一对相对性状的遗传实验中，会导致子二代不符合 3∶1 性状分离比 的情况是 A. 显性基因相对于隐性基因为完全显性 B. 子一代产生的雌配子中 2 种类型配子数目相等，雄配子中也相等 C. 子一代产生的雄配子中 2 种类型配子活力有差异，雌配子无差异 D. 统计时子二代 3 种基因型个体的存活率相等 【答案】C
【解析】在生物的体细胞中,控制同_性状的遗传因子成对存在,不相融合;在形成配子时,成对的遗传 因子发生分离,分离后的遗传因子分别进入不同的配子中,随配子遗传给后代。一对相对性状的遗传实验 中,若显性基因相对于隐性基因为完全显性,则子一代为杂合子,子二代性状分离比为3:1,A正确;若子 雌雄性都产生比例相等的两种配子,则子二代性状分离比为3:1,B正确;若子一代产生的雄配子中2 种类型配子活力有差异,雌配子无差异,则子二代性状分离比不为3:1,C错误;若统计时,子二代3种基 因型个体的存活率相等,则表现型比例为3:1,D正确 3.(2017·新课标Ⅲ卷.6)下列有关基因型、性状和环境的叙述,错误的是 A.两个个体的身高不相同,二者的基因型可能相同,也可能不相同 某植物的绿色幼苗在黑暗中变成黄色,这种变化是由环境造成的 C.0型血夫妇的子代都是0型血,说明该性状是由遗传因素决定的 D.高茎豌豆的子代出现高茎和矮茎,说明该相对性状是由环境决定的 【答案】D 【解析】基因型完全相同的两个人,可能会由于营养等环境因素的差异导致身高不同,反之, 基因型相不同的两个人,也可能因为环境因素导致身高相同,A正确;在缺光的环境中,绿 色幼苗由于叶绿素合成受影响而变黄,B正确:0型血夫妇的基因型均为ii,两者均为纯合 子,所以后代基因型仍然为ⅱ,表现为θ型血,这是由遗传因素决定的,C正确:高茎豌豆 的子代出现高茎和矮茎,是由于亲代是杂合子,子代出现了性状分离,是由遗传因素决定的, D错误。 4.(2017海南卷.20)遗传学上的平衡种群是指在理想状态下,基因频率和基因型频率都不 再改变的大种群。某哺乳动物的平衡种群中,栗色毛和黑色毛由常染色体上的1对等位基因 控制。下列叙述正确的是 A.多对黑色个体交配,每对的子代均为黑色,则说明黑色为显性 B.观察该种群,若新生的栗色个体多于黑色个体,则说明栗色为显性 C.若该种群栗色与黑色个体的数目相等,则说明显隐性基因频率不等 D.选择1对栗色个体交配,若子代全部表现为栗色,则说明栗色为隐性 【答案】C
3．（2017•新课标Ⅲ卷.6）下列有关基因型、性状和环境的叙述，错误的是 A．两个个体的身高不相同，二者的基因型可能相同，也可能不相同 B．某植物的绿色幼苗在黑暗中变成黄色，这种变化是由环境造成的 C．O 型血夫妇的子代都是 O 型血，说明该性状是由遗传因素决定的 D．高茎豌豆的子代出现高茎和矮茎，说明该相对性状是由环境决定的 【答案】D 【解析】基因型完全相同的两个人，可能会由于营养等环境因素的差异导致身高不同，反之， 基因型相不同的两个人，也可能因为环境因素导致身高相同，A 正确；在缺光的环境中，绿 色幼苗由于叶绿素合成受影响而变黄，B 正确；O 型血夫妇的基因型均为 ii，两者均为纯合 子，所以后代基因型仍然为 ii，表现为 O 型血，这是由遗传因素决定的，C 正确；高茎豌豆 的子代出现高茎和矮茎，是由于亲代是杂合子，子代出现了性状分离，是由遗传因素决定的， D 错误。 4．（2017•海南卷.20）遗传学上的平衡种群是指在理想状态下，基因频率和基因型频率都不 再改变的大种群。某哺乳动物的平衡种群中，栗色毛和黑色毛由常染色体上的 1 对等位基因 控制。下列叙述正确的是 A．多对黑色个体交配，每对的子代均为黑色，则说明黑色为显性 B．观察该种群，若新生的栗色个体多于黑色个体，则说明栗色为显性 C．若该种群栗色与黑色个体的数目相等，则说明显隐性基因频率不等 D．选择 1 对栗色个体交配，若子代全部表现为栗色，则说明栗色为隐性 【答案】C