Chapter 8 World Trade organization WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
Chapter 8 World Trade Organization
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION Outline of chapter 8 e Section 1 General Introduction to Wto e Section 2. Maior Principles of WTo e Section 3. GATT Exceptions e Section 4. Anti-dumpine e Section 5. Subsidies and countervailing measures >> Section 6: Safeguards e Section 7. Non-tariff measures(w) 命 Section8.GATs e Section 9. Dispute settlement> o Books recommended>
Outline of Chapter 8 Section 1. General Introduction to WTO Section 2. Major Principles of WTO Section 3. GATT Exceptions Section 4. Anti-dumping Section 5. Subsidies and countervailing measures>> Section 6：Safeguards Section 7. Non-tariff measures(略) Section 8. GATS> Section 9. Dispute settlement> Books recommended>
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION Section 1: General Introduction to WTo 工. A Brief History of GAT≥ eI. The differences and relations Between wto and att> 命。 Nature> 命ⅣV. Objectives V Main functions> V. Structure(Main Organs)> Ⅶ. Decision-making≥ eⅧ. Legal framework≥ e Back to outline
Section 1:General Introduction to WTO Ⅰ. A Brief History of GATT> Ⅱ.The Differences and Relations Between WTO and GATT> Ⅲ. Nature > Ⅳ. Objectives> Ⅴ. Main functions> Ⅵ. Structure (Main Organs)> Ⅶ. Decision-making> Ⅷ. Legal Framework> Back to outline
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION 1. A Brief History of GaTT WTo--World Trade organization came into being on 1 January 1995 headquartered in geneva, Switzer l and O GATT--- General agreement on Tariffs and trade wtos predecessor-- was established on october 1947
Ⅰ. A Brief History of GATT WTO—World Trade Organization came into being on 1 January 1995. headquartered in Geneva,Switzerland GATT--- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, WTO’s predecessor-- was established on October ,1947
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION L. A Brief history of gatt e the second world war e international economic cooperation e“ Bretton woods” conference (New Hampshire) e World Bank --International Bank for Reconstruction and Development e IMF--International Monetary Fund ITO--International Trade Organization specialized agencies of the United Nations
I. A Brief History of GATT the Second World War international economic cooperation “ Bretton Woods” conference （New Hampshire） World Bank --International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IMF--International Monetary Fund ITO--International Trade Organization specialized agencies of the United Nations
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION A Brief History Of gatT A Charter for an international trade Organization (Ito) was drafted by the Us and amended by many other countries. e The charter was intended to provide not onl world trade disciplines but also contained rules relating to employment, commodity agreements, restrictive business practices, international investment and services The ito Charter was finally agreed at a UN Conference on Trade and Employment in Havana in March 1948(so called"Havana Charter?) A long way to go for ratification by legislatures
I. A Brief History of GATT A Charter for an International Trade Organization (ITO) was drafted by the US and amended by many other countries. The Charter was intended to provide not only world trade disciplines but also contained rules relating to employment, commodity agreements, restrictive business practices, international investment and services. The ITO Charter was finally agreed at a UN Conference on Trade and Employment in Havana in March 1948 (so called “Havana Charter”). A long way to go for ratification by legislatures
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION L. A Brief history of gatt e While the charter was seeking ratification in national legislatures tariff negotiations were opened among the 23 founding GATT "contracting parties”i in order to give an early boost to trade liberalization after the second World War - and to begin to correct the large overhang 突出问题)of protectionist(贸易保护的) measures which remained in place from the early 1930s
I. A Brief History of GATT While the charter was seeking ratification in national legislatures , tariff negotiations were opened among the 23 founding GATT “contracting parties” in order to give an early boost to trade liberalization after the Second World War - and to begin to correct the large overhang (突出问题）of protectionist (贸易保护的） measures which remained in place from the early 1930s
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION A Brief History Of gatT o This first round of negotiations resulted in45000 tariff concessions(关税减让) affecting $10 billion - or about one-fifth of world trade The tariff concessions and the principles and basic rules in the draft ito charter together became known as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and entered into force in January 1948. It was assumed to be a provisional system before ITO
I. A Brief History of GATT This first round of negotiations resulted in 45,000 tariff concessions （关税减让） affecting $10 billion - or about one-fifth - of world trade. The tariff concessions and the principles and basic rules in the draft ITO Charter together became known as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and entered into force in January 1948. It was assumed to be a provisional system before ITO
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION L. A Brief history of gatt Although the Ito Charter was finally agreed at a UN Conference on Trade and Employment in Havana in March 1948, ratification in national legislatures proved impossible in some cases. When the United States government announced, in 1950, that it would not seek Congressional ratification of the Havana Charter the ito was effectively dead
I. A Brief History of GATT Although the ITO Charter was finally agreed at a UN Conference on Trade and Employment in Havana in March 1948, ratification in national legislatures proved impossible in some cases. When the United States' government announced, in 1950, that it would not seek Congressional ratification of the Havana Charter, the ITO was effectively dead
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION L. A Brief history of gatt e Despite its provisional nature, the GATT remained the only multilateral instrument governing international trade from 1948 until the establishment of the wto e Although, in its 47 years, the basic legal text of the gatt remained much as it was in 1948, there were additional agreements and continual efforts to reduce tariffs, much of this was achieved through a series of"trade rounds
I. A Brief History of GATT Despite its provisional nature, the GATT remained the only multilateral instrument governing international trade from 1948 until the establishment of the WTO. Although, in its 47 years, the basic legal text of the GATT remained much as it was in 1948, there were additional agreements and continual efforts to reduce tariffs. Much of this was achieved through a series of "trade rounds