细胞科学 蔡国
细胞科学 Cell Science （13.3） 蔡国平
Apoptosis- Cells die by murder or suicide by an active process of programmed cell: death, characterized by cleavage of chromosomal DNA. chromatin condensation. and fragmentation of both the nucleus and the cell Programmed cell death playa a key role both in the maintenance of adult tissues and embryonic development In contrast to the accidental death of cells resulting from an acute injury, programmed cell death takes place by an active process and Genes responsible for both the regulation and execution of apoptosis are conserved from nematodes to humans
ApoptosisCells die by murder or suicide by an active process of programmed cell death, characterized by cleavage of chromosomal DNA, chromatin condensation, and fragmentation of both the nucleus and the cell. Programmed cell death playa a key role both in the maintenance of adult tissues and in embryonic development. In contrast to the accidental death of cells resulting from an acute injury, programmed cell death takes place by an active process and Genes responsible for both the regulation and execution of apoptosis are conserved from nematodes to humans
1.2mm ANTERIOR DORSAL Intestine nad POSTERIOR eggs 00 pharynx oocyte muscle uterus vulva hypodermis body wall VENTRAL
细胞凋亡圆 细胞凋亡( apoptosis)是Ker1972年首次提 出的。 细胞凋亡或细胞程序化死亡( programmed cell death,PCD)不同于坏死( necrosis)。 具有典型的特征,包括胞质浓缩、染色质凝集 染色体降解呈 DNA ladder、细胞膜出芽形成凋 亡小体( apoptosis bodies)。 被正常细胞或吞噬细胞清除,而不引发炎症
细胞凋亡 • 细胞凋亡（apoptosis）是Kerr于1972年首次提 出的。 • 细胞凋亡或细胞程序化死亡（programmed cell death, PCD）不同于坏死（necrosis）。 • 具有典型的特征，包括胞质浓缩、染色质凝集、 染色体降解呈DNA ladder、细胞膜出芽形成凋 亡小体（apoptosis bodies）。 • 被正常细胞或吞噬细胞清除，而不引发炎症
。o Sequence of morphological changes in apoptosis. A morphologic
(B) DNA fragmentation Chromatin condensation Fragmentation of nucleus Fragmentation of the cell
(b) Nucleus Mild convolution Chromatin compaction and Condensation of ○ Nuclear fragmentation e Blebbing Cell fragmentation Phagocytosis Apoptotic body Phagocytic cell
Mild convolution Nuclear Chromatin fragmentation compaction and Blebbing Apoptotic Phagocytic segregation body cell Cell fragmentation Condensation of cytoplasm Q Phagocytose FIGURE 23-45(a): Ultrastructural features of cell death by apoptosis. (a)Schematic drawings Illustrating the progression of morphologic changes observed In apoptotic cells. Early in apoptosis, dense chromosome condensation occurs along the nuclear periphery. The cell body also shrinks although most organelles remain intact Later both the nucleus and cytoplasm fragment, forming apoptotic bodies. These are phagocytosed by surrounding cells [Part (a)adapted from J Kuby, 1997, mmunology, 3d ed, W H. Freeman Co, p 53.1
1234567 细胞色素c诱导的凋亡细胞DNA电泳图 细胞色素c诱导0h -2kb 2.细胞色素c诱导1h 3.细胞色素c诱导2h 1kb 4.细胞色素c诱导3h 5.细胞色素c诱导4h 500bp6.阴性对照 7. Marker 200bp (自赵允、翟中和)
细胞色素c诱导的凋亡细胞DNA电泳图 1．细胞色素c诱导0 h 2．细胞色素c诱导1 h 3．细胞色素c诱导2 h 4．细胞色素c诱导3 h 5．细胞色素c诱导4 h 6．阴性对照 7．Marker （ 自赵允、翟中和）