Section iII Using Language,Assessing Your Progress Video Time 一、单词拼写 1.Norris twice knocked down his (对手)in the early rounds of the fight. 答案opponent 2.The sinking of the tanker has made aspects of (海洋的)pollution particularly topical. 答案marine 3.The oil shortage drove gas prices up by 20 cents a (加仑) 答案gallon 4.Father was cutting the grass,and (与此同时)mother was planting roses. 答案meanwhile 5.A man has been a in connection with the robbery 答案arrested 6.This has been my worst time for injuries since I started as a (职业的) footballer. 答案professional 7.Every possibility has been (利用)to establish a number of schools. 答案exploited 二、选词填空 take action,carry out,tell apart,take place,a variety of,come up with,focus on 1.She a new idea for increasing sales. 答案came up with 2.If it rains,the great performance will at eleven o'clock in the morning. 答案take place 3.It'seasy to my pills because they're all different colours. 答案tel;apart 4.There is patterns to choose from. 答案a variety of 5.The past system has comprehensively failed and we have to completely replace it. 答案taken action 6.I pushed aside my sorrow,forcing myself to the coming test. 答案focus on 7.Extensive tests have been on the patient. 答案carried out 三、阅读理解 Scientists Diego Kersting and Cristina Linares have found that some coral species are able to recover from harmful warming events through a unique survival strategy ()-known as rejuvenescence(复壮)”一among corals in the Mediterranean Sea.The findings represent some rare good news for corals around the world,which are facing numerous severe threats-most notably,climate change. "The main threats are climate change,overfishing,pollution and coastal urbanisation," Kersting said."But currently,climate change is probably the one causing the most coral cover declines.Warming stresses corals up to a point that may cause death.Some corals bleach ( before dying.Other corals do not bleach but die directly."He went on,"Our findings are significant because this survival strategy was only known from fossil corals that existed hundreds of millions
Section Ⅲ Using Language,Assessing Your Progress & Video Time 一、单词拼写 1.Norris twice knocked down his (对手) in the early rounds of the fight. 答案 opponent 2.The sinking of the tanker has made aspects of (海洋的)pollution particularly topical. 答案 marine 3.The oil shortage drove gas prices up by 20 cents a (加仑). 答案 gallon 4.Father was cutting the grass,and (与此同时) mother was planting roses. 答案 meanwhile 5.A man has been a in connection with the robbery. 答案 arrested 6.This has been my worst time for injuries since I started as a (职业的) footballer. 答案 professional 7.Every possibility has been (利用) to establish a number of schools. 答案 exploited 二、选词填空 take action,carry out,tell apart,take place,a variety of,come up with,focus on 1.She a new idea for increasing sales. 答案 came up with 2.If it rains,the great performance will at eleven o’clock in the morning. 答案 take place 3.It’s easy to my pills because they’re all different colours. 答案 tell;apart 4.There is patterns to choose from. 答案 a variety of 5.The past system has comprehensively failed and we have to completely replace it. 答案 taken action 6.I pushed aside my sorrow,forcing myself to the coming test. 答案 focus on 7.Extensive tests have been on the patient. 答案 carried out 三、阅读理解 Scientists Diego Kersting and Cristina Linares have found that some coral species are able to recover from harmful warming events through a unique survival strategy (策略)—known as “rejuvenescence(复壮)” —among corals in the Mediterranean Sea.The findings represent some rare good news for corals around the world,which are facing numerous severe threats—most notably,climate change. “The main threats are climate change,overfishing,pollution and coastal urbanisation,” Kersting said.“But currently,climate change is probably the one causing the most coral cover declines.Warming stresses corals up to a point that may cause death.Some corals bleach (白化) before dying.Other corals do not bleach but die directly.” He went on,“Our findings are significant because this survival strategy was only known from fossil corals that existed hundreds of millions
of years ago.It is the first time that it has been found in a living coral.Thanks to our findings,we know now that some corals are able to recover,but unfortunately this is not enough in the current climate change context." For their research,Kersting and Linares monitored 243 colonies of the endangered reef- building coral Cladocora Caespitosa in Spain's Columbretes Islands Marine Reserve over 16 years,starting in 2002.The monitoring revealed that Cladocora Caespitosa in the Mediterranean uses rejuvenescence to cope with warming events.This process involves the polyps(珊瑚虫)一or the individual coral animals in a colony-shrinking inward and abandoning their skeletons() during warm periods,before rejuvenating at a later point."What happens is that some polyps in a coral colony-sometimes just one-reduces completely its dimensions and partially retreats from its skeleton,"Kersting said."Once the stressful event is over,the shrunken or rejuvenated polyp recovers its size and builds up a new skeleton.Eventually,it begins to reproduce itself through budding and begins to cover the dead colony surfaces." He continued,"The results were very surprising because I started to observe colonies that were dead years ago,that were showing living parts many years after their death." 1.What is the greatest threat to corals now? A.Overfishing. B.Light pollution. C.City growth D.Climate change. 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的But currently,climate change is probably the one causing the most coral cover declines.”可知，珊瑚现在面临的最大威胁是气候变化。 2.What can we learn about the survival strategy? A.It is the cause of warming events B.It was found for the first time. C.It will bring hope for the endangered corals. D.It represents the evolution of the corals. 答案c 解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的Thanks to our findings,we know now that some corals are able to recover,..”可知，再生生存策略将为濒临灭绝的珊瑚带来希望。 3.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.How the extreme corals forms. B.How the polyps survive their competitors. C.How the research was conducted. D.How the coral species manages to recover and regrow. 答案D 解析段落大意题。根据第三段中的For their research,Kersting and Linares monitored..warming events.”可知，第三段主要介绍珊瑚再生这一过程。 4.What can best replace the underlined word "retreats"in paragraph 3? A.Withdraws. B.Unfolds C.Benefits. D.Steals. 答案A 解析词义推断题。根据本段中的Once the stressful event is over,.…to cover the dead colony surfaces..”可知，一旦压力事件结束，萎缩的或恢复活力的珊瑚虫会恢复其大小并会建立一个新 的骨骼。最终，它开始通过发芽繁殖，并开始覆盖死去的表面。故当有压力事件发生时，珊瑚 虫会从珊瑚上“撤退”。 四、语篇填空 (2022全国甲卷) A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked()40 days to Xi'an,as a first step 1. _(journey)the Belt and Road route(路线)by foot. On the 1,100-kilometer journey,the man Cao Shengkang,2. lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident,crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3 (hold)in Beijing,Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute()to the ancient Silk Road.4. friend of his.Wu Fan.volunteered to be his companion during the trip
of years ago.It is the first time that it has been found in a living coral.Thanks to our findings,we know now that some corals are able to recover,but unfortunately this is not enough in the current climate change context.” For their research,Kersting and Linares monitored 243 colonies of the endangered reefbuilding coral Cladocora Caespitosa in Spain’s Columbretes Islands Marine Reserve over 16 years,starting in 2002.The monitoring revealed that Cladocora Caespitosa in the Mediterranean uses rejuvenescence to cope with warming events.This process involves the polyps(珊瑚虫) — or the individual coral animals in a colony—shrinking inward and abandoning their skeletons(骨骼) during warm periods,before rejuvenating at a later point.“What happens is that some polyps in a coral colony—sometimes just one—reduces completely its dimensions and partially retreats from its skeleton,” Kersting said.“Once the stressful event is over,the shrunken or rejuvenated polyp recovers its size and builds up a new skeleton.Eventually,it begins to reproduce itself through budding and begins to cover the dead colony surfaces.” He continued,“The results were very surprising because I started to observe colonies that were dead years ago,that were showing living parts many years after their death.” 1.What is the greatest threat to corals now? A.Overfishing. B.Light pollution. C.City growth. D.Climate change. 答案 D 解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But currently,climate change is probably the one causing the most coral cover declines.”可知,珊瑚现在面临的最大威胁是气候变化。 2.What can we learn about the survival strategy? A.It is the cause of warming events. B.It was found for the first time. C.It will bring hope for the endangered corals. D.It represents the evolution of the corals. 答案 C 解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thanks to our findings,we know now that some corals are able to recover,...”可知,再生生存策略将为濒临灭绝的珊瑚带来希望。 3.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.How the extreme corals forms. B.How the polyps survive their competitors. C.How the research was conducted. D.How the coral species manages to recover and regrow. 答案 D 解析段落大意题。根据第三段中的“For their research,Kersting and Linares monitored ...warming events.”可知,第三段主要介绍珊瑚再生这一过程。 4.What can best replace the underlined word “retreats” in paragraph 3? A.Withdraws. B.Unfolds. C.Benefits. D.Steals. 答案 A 解析词义推断题。根据本段中的“Once the stressful event is over,...to cover the dead colony surfaces.”可知,一旦压力事件结束,萎缩的或恢复活力的珊瑚虫会恢复其大小并会建立一个新 的骨骼。最终,它开始通过发芽繁殖,并开始覆盖死去的表面。故当有压力事件发生时,珊瑚 虫会从珊瑚上“撤退”。 四、语篇填空 (2022·全国甲卷) A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi’an,as a first step 1. (journey) the Belt and Road route(路线) by foot. On the 1,100-kilometer journey,the man Cao Shengkang,2. lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident,crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3. (hold) in Beijing,Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.4. friend of his,Wu Fan,volunteered to be his companion during the trip
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road,in order to promote environmental 5. (protect).Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6. (meaning).The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five years.Cao 7. (walk)through 34 countries in six continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa's8. (high) mountain. Now,Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route.He flew 4,700 kilometers 9. Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept.20,10. (plan)to hike back to Xi'an in five months. 1.to journey 2.who 3.held 4.A 5.protection 6.meaningful 7.has walked 8.highest 9.from 10.planning
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road,in order to promote environmental 5. (protect).Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6. (meaning).The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five years,Cao 7. (walk) through 34 countries in six continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa’s 8. (high) mountain. Now,Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route.He flew 4,700 kilometers 9. Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept.20,10. (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 答案 1.to journey 2.who 3.held 4.A 5.protection 6.meaningful 7.has walked 8.highest 9.from 10.planning