Mooddisorders
oDepressionoBipolaraffectivedisorderoFurtherreading andsourcesoQuestions/Answers
Depression Bipolar affective disorder Further reading and sources Questions/Answers
DepressionoEpidemiologyoCausesoSymptomsofdepressionoManagementof depressionoSpecialtypesof depression
Epidemiology Causes Symptoms of depression Management of depression Special types of depression
DepressionEpidemiologyoPrevalenceo6-mthprevalencerange:2.2%(ECA)5.3%(NCS)6.7%(NCS-R）note2%prevalenceofsevereepisodes)inthegeneralpopulation
Prevalence 6-mth prevalence range: 2.2% (ECA)—5.3% (NCS)—6.7%(NCS-R; note 2% prevalence of severe episodes) in the general population
DepressionEpidemiologyLifetimerates4.4% (ECA)—16.5% (NCS-R)—30%ogeneralpopulation10-20%oyounger adults: increasingoUrban areas:higher
Lifetime rates 4.4% (ECA)—16.5% (NCS-R)— 30% general population 10–20% younger adults: increasing Urban areas : higher
DepressionEpidemiologySexratio否 : 早=1:2UK4%in men/ 8%in women
Sex ratio ♂ ∶ ♀= 1:2 UK 4% in men / 8% in women
DepressionEpidemiologyoSuicideratesoln major depression : about10%
Suicide rates In major depression : about 10%
DepressionCausesoPredisposingcausesoGenetic factors:ofirst-degree rilativesomonozygoticfwinsoMany genes
Predisposing causes Genetic factors: first-degree rilatives monozygotic twins Many genes
DepressionCausesoPredisposingcausesoChildhoodexperiences:lossofa parent, lack of parentalcare,parentalalcoholism/antisocial traitschildhood sexual abuse
Predisposing causes Childhood experiences: loss of a parent , lack of parental care, parental alcoholism/antisocial traits, childhood sexual abuse
DepressionCausesoPredisposing causesoPersonality traits: anxietyimpulsivity,obsessionality
Predisposing causes Personality traits: anxiety, impulsivity, obsessionality