ZHE JIANG UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE WINTER TERM IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2004 -2005 FINAL EXAMINATION OF PHYSIOLOGY Date:January 22,2005Time:8:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m. I.MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20%) Select the single best answer 1.The action potential of skeletal muscle A.has a prolonged plateau phase B.spreads inward to all parts of the muscle via the T tubules C.causes the immediate uptake of Ca2+into the lateral sacs of the sarcoplasmic reticulum D.is longer than the action potential of cardiac muscle E.is not essential for contraction 2.The contractile response in skeletal muscle A.starts after the action potential is over B.does not last as long as the action potential C.produces more tension when the muscle contracts isometrically than when the muscle contacts isotonically D.produces more work when the muscle contracts isometrically than when the muscle contacts isotonically E.decreases in magnitude with repeated stimulation 3.Which of the following is not primarily a function of blood plasma? A.Transport of hormones B.Maintenance of red cell size C.Transport of chylomicrons D.Transport of antibodies E.Transport of 02 4.Most of the C02 transported in the blood is A.dissolved in plasma
ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE WINTER TERM IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2004–2005 FINAL EXAMINATION OF PHYSIOLOGY Date: January 22, 2005Time: 8:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m. I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20%) Select the single best answer 1. The action potential of skeletal muscle A. has a prolonged plateau phase B. spreads inward to all parts of the muscle via the T tubules C. causes the immediate uptake of Ca2+ into the lateral sacs of the sarcoplasmic reticulum D. is longer than the action potential of cardiac muscle E. is not essential for contraction 2. The contractile response in skeletal muscle A. starts after the action potential is over B. does not last as long as the action potential C. produces more tension when the muscle contracts isometrically than when the muscle contacts isotonically D. produces more work when the muscle contracts isometrically than when the muscle contacts isotonically E. decreases in magnitude with repeated stimulation 3. Which of the following is not primarily a function of blood plasma? A. Transport of hormones B. Maintenance of red cell size C. Transport of chylomicrons D. Transport of antibodies E. Transport of O2 4. Most of the CO2 transported in the blood is A. dissolved in plasma
B.in carbamino compounds formed from plasma proteins C.in carbamino compounds formed from hemoglobin D.bound to Cl- E.in HC03- 5.Which of the following is the site with highest BER rate? A.Stomach B.Duodenum C.Jejunum D.Ileum E.Colon 6.Which of the following produces the most high-energy phosphate compounds? A.Aerobic metabolism of 1 mol of glucose B.Anaerobic metabolism of 1 mol of glucose C.Metabolism of 1 mol of galactose D.Metabolism of 1 mol of amino acid E.Metabolism of 1 mol of long-chain fatty acid 7.In the presence of vasopressin,the greatest fraction of filtered water is absorbed in the A.proximal tubule B.loop of Henle C.distal tubule D.cortical collecting duct E.medullary collecting duct 8.As urine flow increases during osmotic diuresis A.the osmolality of urine falls below that of plasma B.the osmolality of urine increases because of the increased amounts of nonreabsorbable solute in the urine C.the osmolality of urine approaches that of plasma because plasma leaks into the tubules
B. in carbamino compounds formed from plasma proteins C. in carbamino compounds formed from hemoglobin D. bound to ClE. in HCO3- 5. Which of the following is the site with highest BER rate? A. Stomach B. Duodenum C. Jejunum D. Ileum E. Colon 6. Which of the following produces the most high-energy phosphate compounds? A. Aerobic metabolism of l mol of glucose B. Anaerobic metabolism of l mol of glucose C. Metabolism of l mol of galactose D. Metabolism of l mol of amino acid E. Metabolism of l mol of long-chain fatty acid 7. In the presence of vasopressin, the greatest fraction of filtered water is absorbed in the A. proximal tubule B. loop of Henle C. distal tubule D. cortical collecting duct E. medullary collecting duct 8. As urine flow increases during osmotic diuresis A. the osmolality of urine falls below that of plasma B. the osmolality of urine increases because of the increased amounts of nonreabsorbable solute in the urine C. the osmolality of urine approaches that of plasma because plasma leaks into the tubules
D.the osmolality of urine approaches that of plasma because an increasingly large fraction of the excreted urine is isotonic proximal tubular fluid E.the action of vasopressin on the renal tubules is inhibited 9.What is the clearance of a substance when its concentration in the plasma is 10 mg/dL,its concentration in the urine is 100mg/dL,and urine flow is 2 mL/min? A.2 mL/min B.10 mL/min C.20 mL/min D.200 mL/min E.Clearance cannot be determined from the information given 10.The fovea of the eye A.has the lowest light threshold B.is the region of highest visual acuity C.contains only red and green cones D.contains only rods E.is situated over the head of the optic nerve II.TERMS (30%) 1.Negative feedback 2.Baroreceptor reflex 3.Surfactant 4.Specific dynamic action of food 5.Renal threshold for glucose 6.Paradoxical sleep III.QUESTIONS (40%) 1.Briefly describe the integrated,multifaceted system for arterial pressure regulation. 2.Describe the composition and physiological function of the pancreatic juic E 3.What is the effect of intravenous administration of 50%glucose 100 milliliter on urine formation in rabbit?Describe the underlying mechanism
D. the osmolality of urine approaches that of plasma because an increasingly large fraction of the excreted urine is isotonic proximal tubular fluid E. the action of vasopressin on the renal tubules is inhibited 9. What is the clearance of a substance when its concentration in the plasma is 10 mg/dL, its concentration in the urine is 100mg/dL, and urine flow is 2 mL/min? A. 2 mL/min B. 10 mL/min C. 20 mL/min D. 200 mL/min E. Clearance cannot be determined from the information given 10. The fovea of the eye A. has the lowest light threshold B. is the region of highest visual acuity C. contains only red and green cones D. contains only rods E. is situated over the head of the optic nerve II. TERMS (30%) 1. Negative feedback 2. Baroreceptor reflex 3. Surfactant 4. Specific dynamic action of food 5. Renal threshold for glucose 6. Paradoxical sleep III. QUESTIONS (40%) 1. Briefly describe the integrated, multifaceted system for arterial pressure regulation. 2. Describe the composition and physiological function of the pancreatic juic E. 3. What is the effect of intravenous administration of 50% glucose 100 milliliter on urine formation in rabbit? Describe the underlying mechanism
4.List the main physiological actions of thyroid hormones. IV.CASE (10%) Gunshot Wound An 18-year-old high school senior was shot in the left thigh as he left school. On examination in the hospital emergency room,he was found to have weakness of his ankle dorsiflexors,evertors,and invertors,toe flexors,and hamstring muscles. He had sensory loss over the lateral aspect of the leg,the dorsal sole of the foot, and the sole of the foot.The sciatic nerve was exposed surgically and found to be severe D.A nerve graft was used to repair the interruption.At a subsequent visit to his physician several weeks later,the weakness was present,and the muscle supplied by the sciatic nerve showed marked atrophy.Electromyography in several of these muscles revealed an absence of motor unit discharges,but frequent fibrillations.Over the next year,there was progressive proximal to distal recovery of some motor function,but there was some residual weakness. 1.What caused the weakness in the left lower extremity? 2.What caused the sensory loss? 3.Would there also be autonomic changes in the left leg? 4.Why did the muscles supplied by the sciatic nerve undergo atrophy? 5.Why were there no motor unit potentials several weeks after the injury?Why were there fibrillations at this time?How can fibrillations be distinguished from motor unit potentials by electromyography? ANSWER SHEET FINAL EXAMINATION OF PHYSIOLOGY Class Department Registration Number Name (in Chinese)
4. List the main physiological actions of thyroid hormones. IV. CASE (10%) Gunshot Wound An 18-year-old high school senior was shot in the left thigh as he left school. On examination in the hospital emergency room, he was found to have weakness of his ankle dorsiflexors, evertors, and invertors, toe flexors, and hamstring muscles. He had sensory loss over the lateral aspect of the leg, the dorsal sole of the foot, and the sole of the foot. The sciatic nerve was exposed surgically and found to be severe D. A nerve graft was used to repair the interruption. At a subsequent visit to his physician several weeks later, the weakness was present, and the muscle supplied by the sciatic nerve showed marked atrophy. Electromyography in several of these muscles revealed an absence of motor unit discharges, but frequent fibrillations. Over the next year, there was progressive proximal to distal recovery of some motor function, but there was some residual weakness. l. What caused the weakness in the left lower extremity? 2. What caused the sensory loss? 3. Would there also be autonomic changes in the left leg? 4. Why did the muscles supplied by the sciatic nerve undergo atrophy? 5. Why were there no motor unit potentials several weeks after the injury? Why were there fibrillations at this time? How can fibrillations be distinguished from motor unit potentials by electromyography? ANSWER SHEET FINAL EXAMINATION OF PHYSIOLOGY Class _________________ Department _______________________ Registration Number ___________________________ Name ________________________________________ (in Chinese)
I.MCQ II.TERMS III.QUESTIONS IV.CASE TOTAL I.MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20%) Select the single best answer 1. 6. 2. 7. 3. 8 4. 9. 5. 10. I.TERMS (30%) 1.Negative feedback -- 2.Baroreceptor reflex - 3.Surfactant--- 4.Renal threshold for glucose-
I. MCQ II. TERMS III. QUESTIONS IV. CASE TOTAL I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20%) Select the single best answer 1. 6. 2. 7. 3. 8. 4. 9. 5. 10. I. TERMS (30%) 1. Negative feedback ---- 2. Baroreceptor reflex ---- 3. Surfactant ---- 4. Renal threshold for glucose ----
5.Referred pain -- 6.Paradoxical sleep III.QUESTIONS (40%) 1.Briefly describe the integrated,multifaceted system for arterial pressure regulation. 2.Describe the composition and physiological function of the pancreatic juic E. 3.List the factors affecting glomerular filtration. 4.List the main physiological actions of thyroid hormones
5. Referred pain ---- 6. Paradoxical sleep ---- III. QUESTIONS (40%) 1. Briefly describe the integrated, multifaceted system for arterial pressure regulation. 2. Describe the composition and physiological function of the pancreatic juic E. 3. List the factors affecting glomerular filtration. 4. List the main physiological actions of thyroid hormones
IV.CASE (10%) 1.What caused the weakness in the left lower extremity? 2.What caused the sensory loss? 3.Would there also be autonomic changes in the left leg? 4.Why did the muscles supplied by the sciatic nerve undergo atrophy? 5.Why were there no motor unit potentials several weeks after the injury?Why were there fibrillations at this time?How can fibrillations be distinguished from motor unit potentials by electromyography?
IV. CASE (10%) l. What caused the weakness in the left lower extremity? 2. What caused the sensory loss? 3. Would there also be autonomic changes in the left leg? 4. Why did the muscles supplied by the sciatic nerve undergo atrophy? 5. Why were there no motor unit potentials several weeks after the injury? Why were there fibrillations at this time? How can fibrillations be distinguished from motor unit potentials by electromyography?