国家开放大学：2011—2012学年第一学期“开放专科”英语专业综合英语（2）期末试题（1月）.pdf_大学文库

Was Bingham right?There's been much (23)by archeologists in the absence of any (24)record of Machu Picchu.It is generally agreed that the city was built during the fifteenth century and abandoned in the sixteenth century at the time of the Spanish conquest. It may (25)as a fortress to protect the Incas from the conquering Spaniards or from neighboring tribes who attacked Machu Picchu.It may have been a holy city (26) religious rites were performed,perhaps by chosen women.(About three-quarters of the skeletons found at Machu Picchu are female. The ruins of Machu Picchu consist (27)agricultural,residential,and sacred zones in an area of about two square miles.Approximately 1,000 people lived there (28). Over 200 stone buildings were used (29)homes,temples,and warehouses for the corn and potatoes that were the main foods for the Incas.To grow these crops,along with other plants,the Incas designed a system of terraces and steps alongside the mountain to prevent erosion.They also built stone aqueducts and irrigation canals to provide water (30)the crops.The Incas even invented the first dehydrated food,call chuno,a type of dried potato. 21.A.complete B.completely C.completing D.completed 22.A.discovered B.discovery C.discovers D.discovering 23.A.discussion B.discuss C.discussions D.a discussion 24.A.writing B.wrote C.written D.writen 25.A.has built B.had built C.has been built D.have been built 26.A.that B.which C.where D.who 27.A.once B.twice C.three times D.four times 28.A.for B.of C.with D.as 29.A.as B.like C.for D.of 30.A.for B.with C.in D.on IV.Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers marked A,B,C and D.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) Questions 31~35 are based on the following passage. All over the world mothers and fathers teach their children manners.There are all kinds of manners.Other children may have manners that are not like yours. 976

Was Bingham right? There's been much (23) by archeologists in the absence of any (24) record of Machu Picchu. It is generally agreed that the city was built during the fifteenth century and abandoned in the sixteenth century at the time of the Spanish conquest. It may (25) as a fortress to protect the Incas from the conquering Spaniards or from neighboring tribes who attacked Machu Picchu. It may have been a holy city (26) religious rites were performed , perhaps by chosen women. (About three-quarters of the skeletons found at Machu Picchu are female. ) The ruins of Machu Picchu consist (27) agricultural, residential, and sacred zones in an area of about two square miles. Approximately 1,000 people lived there (28) Over 200 stone buildings were used (29) homes, temples, and warehouses for the corn and potatoes that were the main foods for the Incas. To grow these crops, along with other plants, the Incas designed a system of terraces and steps alongside the mountain to prevent erosion. They also built stone aqueducts and irrigation canals to provide water (30) the crops. The Incas even invented the first dehydrated food , call chuno , a type of dried potato. 21. A. complete B. completely C. completing D. completed 22. A. discovered B. discovery C. discovers D. discovering 23. A. discussion B. discuss C. discussions D. a discussion 24. A. writing B. wrote C. written D. writen 25. A. has built B. had built C. has been built D. have been built 26. A. that B. which C. where D. who 27. A. once B. twice C. three times D. four times 28. A. for B. of C. with D. as 29. A. as B. like C. for D. of 30. A. for B. with C. in D. on 凹. Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A , B, C and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points) Questions 31-35 are based on the following passage. All over thQ world mothers and fathers teach their children manners. There are all kinds of manners. Other children may have manners that are not like yours. 976

Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in another place. If you visit some friends in Mongolia()and they ask you to eat with them.What kind of manners do they want you to have?They want you to give a loud“belch(打嗝)”after you finish eating.Belching would show that you like your food.But in some other countries, if you give a loud belch,you are told to say "Excuse me,please." In many places people like to eat together..But in some parts of Polynesia(玻利尼西亚，中太平￥群岛)it is bad manners to be seen eating at all.People show their good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat. What are manners like in an East African town?They people try not to see you,when you are visiting a friend,he may not see you at all.If you are polite,you will sit down beside him.You will wait until he finishes what he is doing.Then he will talk to you. If you visit a friend in Arabiat(阿拉伯半岛)you should walk behind other tents(帐篷) until you come to his tent.If you pass in front of other tents,you will be asked into each one.The people will ask you to eat with them.And it is bad manners if you say no. Manners are different all over the world.But it is good to know that all manners began in the same way.People need ways to show that they want to be friends. 31.What's the main idea of this passage? A.Manners are different throughout the world. B.Mothers are different throughout the world. C.Children's manners are different. D.When you are in Rome,do as the Romans do. 32.In some other countries in the world,if you belch after a meal, A.you show that you like the food very much B.it is good manners for you to say "Excuse me,please" C.you ask the host to say "Excuse"instead of you D.you are telling the host you dislike the food 33.What's the polite way of eating if you are living in Polynesia? A.Eating outside together with your family. B.Eating while sitting face to face. C.Eating at the back of your house. D.Trying not to make yourself seen eating. 977

Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in another place. If you visit some friends in MongoliaC and they ask you to eat with them. What kind of manners do they want you to have? They want you to give a loud "belchC after you finish eating. Belching would show that you like your food. But in some other countries, if you give a loud belch , you are told to say "Excuse me , please." In many places people like to eat together. But in some parts of Polynesia 利尼中太平洋群岛) it is bad manners to be seen eating at all. People show their good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat. What are manners like in an East African town? They people try not to see you , when you are visiting a friend , he may not see you at alL If you are polite , you will sit down beside him. You will wait until he finishes what he is doing. Then he will talk to you. If you visit a friend in ArabiaC you should walk behind other tents until you come to his tent. If you pass in front of other tents, you will be asked into each one. The people will ask you to eat with them. And it is bad manners if you say no. Manners are different all over the world. But it is good to know that all manners began in the same way. People need ways to show that they want to be friends. 31. What's the main idea of this passage? A. Manners are different throughout the world. B. Mothers are different throughout the world. C. Children's manners are different. D. When you are in Rome , do as the Romans do. 32. In some other countries in the world , if you belch after a meal , A. you show that you like the food very much B. it is good manners for you to say "Excuse me , please" C. you ask the host to say "Excuse" instead of you D. you are telling the host you dislike the food 33. What's the polite way of eating if you are living in Polynesia? A. Eating outside together with your family. B. Eating while sitting face to face. c. Eating at the back of your house. D. Trying not to make yourself seen eating. 977

34.What will an Arabian do if he sees a person walking in front of his tent? A.He will feel very angry and drive the person off. B.He will politely ask where the person is going and act as a guide. C.He will ask the person to eat with him. D.He will give the person some food to show his pity. 35.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A.People show they are friendly in different manners. B.Good manners are the same in different countries. C.In the East African town the people who try not to see you are not polite at all. D.Different manners in different countries show people's different ideas. Questions 36~40 are based on the following passage. A contract is an agreement which is enforceable by law.It can be long or short,formal or informal,simple or complicated,and verbal or written.Without a contract or agreement to bind the contracting parties,any international business or transaction()would be impossible.Long ago,people exchanged promises in making bargains and binding the conduct of others.This exchange of promises came to be known as "agreement"and became more and more important in the fields of business.A promise or agreement is reached as a result of the process of offer and acceptance.When an agreement is reached,a contract is formed.Once a contract is officially signed by the concerned parties,it creates legal obligations in the sense of law. A contract is the only document between the parties to which they may refer for clarification of mutual responsibilities.It should not be viewed as merely a document that initiates transaction and then filed and forgotten by the contracting parties.It must be drafted with an awareness of the background of the law in which the transaction takes place. It is proper to obtain legal advice as to the best set of contractual terms appropriate to the product and type of business. Though most of the contracts have many provisions in common,each is different from the others owing to the nature of the goods.Whether we are dealing with a long or pre- printed form of the contract,there are certain key provisions that every contract should contain to avoid ambiguity and possible future conflicts.Whether to include other specific 978

34. What will an Arabian do if he sees a person walking in front of his tent? A. He will feel very angry and drive the person off. B. He will politely ask where the person is going and act as a guide. C. He will ask the person to eat with him. D. He will give the person some food to show his pity. 35. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. People show they are friendly in differ巳nt manners. B. Good manners are the same in different countries. C. In the East African town the people who try not to see you are not polite at all. D. Different manners in different countries show people's different ideas. Questions 36~40 are based on the following passage. A contract is an agreement which is enforceable by law. It can be long or short , formal or informal , simple or complicated , and verbal or written. Without a contract or agreement to bind the contracting parties, any international business or transaction (交易) would be impossible. Long ago , people exchanged promises in making bargains and binding the conduct of others. This exchange of promises came to be known as "agreement" and became more and more important in the fields of business. A promise or agreement is reached as a result of the process of offer and acceptance. When an agreement is reached, a contract is formed. Once a contract is officially signed by the concerned parties, it creates legal obligations in the sense of law. A contract is the only document between the parties to which they may refer for clarification of mutual responsibilities. It should not be viewed as merely a document that initiates transaction and then filed and forgotten by the contracting parties. It must be drafted with an awareness of the background of the law in which the transaction takes place. It is proper to obtain legal advice as to the best set of contractual terms appropriate to the product and type of business. Though most of the contracts have many provisions in common , each is different from the others owing to the nature of the goods. Whether we are dealing with a long or preprinted form of the contract , there are certain key provisions that every contract should contain to avoid ambiguity and possible future conflicts. Whether to include other specific 978