Unit Five Roles and Relations 案例分析 Read the following anecdotes carefully.In each one,there are two people:One is A,and the other is B.Decided whether A is a man or a woman,and give your fe准50n5. Anecdote One: A and B are married.One day A bumps into an old friend visiting the area.The friend invites A and B out to dinner.A accepts for the pair of them.Retuming home A tells B.who gets upset.B asks why A did not discuss this with B before accepting.This makes A angry,as A does not feel it necessary to discuss this beforehand. Anecdote Two: A married couple are going to visit a friend.They have been driving around for some time looking for the street.B is angry because A refuses to stop and ask direction of someone. Anecdote Three: A and B are married.A is the life and soul of the party when they go out.chatting away loudly.But at home A does not have much to say and B does most of the talking. Anecdote Four: A and B have just broken up.A does not enjoy talking about this but feels that friends must be told.For A friendship implies an obligation to share news about important events in one's life.If friends were not informed they would be justified in feeling offended
1 Unit Five Roles and Relations 案例分析 Read the following anecdotes carefully. In each one, there are two people: One is A, and the other is B. Decided whether A is a man or a woman, and give your reasons. Anecdote One: A and B are married. One day A bumps into an old friend visiting the area. The friend invites A and B out to dinner. A accepts for the pair of them. Returning home A tells B, who gets upset. B asks why A did not discuss this with B before accepting. This makes A angry, as A does not feel it necessary to discuss this beforehand. Anecdote Two: A married couple are going to visit a friend. They have been driving around for some time looking for the street. B is angry because A refuses to stop and ask direction of someone. Anecdote Three: A and B are married. A is the life and soul of the party when they go out, chatting away loudly. But at home A does not have much to say and B does most of the talking. Anecdote Four: A and B have just broken up. A does not enjoy talking about this but feels that friends must be told. For A friendship implies an obligation to share news about important events in one's life. If friends were not informed they would be justified in feeling offended
Anecdote Five: A and B are married.They are both lawyers.At social gatherings.A is always ready to tell of A's success,dropping names and boastings of cases won.B,however,is reticent about B's success.Sometimes A points out to others B's successes,but this may upset B.B feels that people would not like B if B boasts:B would rather prefer they leamn indirectly from others how successful B is.A,on the other hand,feels A must not be shy of singing A's own praises if A is to receive the respect A deserves. Anecdote Six: If both A and B want the other to go to the store to get something for themselves.A would say 'Will you please go to the store?,while B would say 'Gee,I really need a few things from the store,but I'm so tired'. Key: Anecdote O知e: Comment:A is more likely to be a MAN. Explanation:Asking for permission While many women feel it natural to confer with their partners at every turn.many men feel free to make decisions without such consultation.It appears that men and women look on decision making in quite a different light.Women prefer to have discussions before decisions are arrived at.The discussion itself'is prized as evidence of involvement.Many men.however.find lengthy discussions about what they consider minor matters a waste of time Anecdote Two: Comment:A is more likely to be a MAN 2
2 Anecdote Five: A and B are married. They are both lawyers. At social gatherings, A is always ready to tell of A's success, dropping names and boastings of cases won. B, however, is reticent about B's success. Sometimes A points out to others B's successes, but this may upset B. B feels that people would not like B if B boasts; B would rather prefer they learn indirectly from others how successful B is. A, on the other hand, feels A must not be shy of singing A's own praises if A is to receive the respect A deserves. Anecdote Six: If both A and B want the other to go to the store to get something for themselves, A would say 'Will you please go to the store?', while B would say 'Gee, I really need a few things from the store, but I'm so tired'. Key: Anecdote One: Comment: A is more likely to be a MAN . Explanation: Asking for permission While many women feel it natural to confer with their partners at every turn, many men feel free to make decisions without such consultation. It appears that men and women look on decision making in quite a different light. Women prefer to have discussions before decisions are arrived at. The discussion itself is prized as evidence of involvement. Many men, however, find lengthy discussions about what they consider minor matters a waste of time. Anecdote Two: Comment: A is more likely to be a MAN
Explanation:Asking for information Men are less likely than women to seek directions from others.Part of the reason for this may well lie in the sensitivity of men to issues of'status.From this perspective to ask for information and help from others implies that the person asking is inferior. From a woman's point of view,however,sharing information is a way of cementing bonds. Anecdote Three: Comment:A is more likely to be a MAN. Explanation:Who talks more? Who talks more,women or men?It would seem to depend on the situation,with men talking more in public,but women holding forth more in private.Most men seek talk as primarily a means to establish their status in a group.This can be done by holding center stage through story-telling.telling jokes and exhibiting knowledge.For women. on the other hand,the value of talk is seen to lie in its power to reinforce friendships through displaying similarities and matching experiences.As a result they feel more comfortable talking to those they feel close to. Anecdote Four: Comment:A is more likely to be a MAN Explanation:Who likes gossiping? Men don't like discussing their problems with anyone.And if they do.they tend to discuss them with women friends.If men do mention their wives and families,the mention is likely to be brief,not belabored and elaborated in depth or detail. Anecdote Five: Comment:A is more likely to be a MAN Explanation:Who brags?
3 Explanation: Asking for information Men are less likely than women to seek directions from others. Part of the reason for this may well lie in the sensitivity of men to issues of status. From this perspective to ask for information and help from others implies that the person asking is inferior. From a woman's point of view, however, sharing information is a way of cementing bonds. Anecdote Three: Comment: A is more likely to be a MAN . Explanation: Who talks more? Who talks more, women or men? It would seem to depend on the situation, with men talking more in public, but women holding forth more in private. Most men seek talk as primarily a means to establish their status in a group. This can be done by holding center stage through story-telling, telling jokes and exhibiting knowledge. For women, on the other hand, the value of talk is seen to lie in its power to reinforce friendships through displaying similarities and matching experiences. As a result they feel more comfortable talking to those they feel close to. Anecdote Four: Comment: A is more likely to be a MAN . Explanation: Who likes gossiping? Men don't like discussing their problems with anyone. And if they do, they tend to discuss them with women friends. If men do mention their wives and families, the mention is likely to be brief, not belabored and elaborated in depth or detail. Anecdote Five: Comment: A is more likely to be a MAN . Explanation: Who brags?
Girls fear rejection by their peers if they appear too successful and boys don't.Boys are encouraged from an early age to seek higher status by displaying superiority. Boasting plays a part.Girls,in contrast,leam that the closeness they seek depends upon seeming the same as,and not better than,their friends. Anecdote Six: Comment:A is more likely to be a MAN. Explanation:Who is indirect and polite? Women are more likely to use indirectness as to them it has a double benefit.If you get your way because others want the same thing as you then you have reinforced rapport as well as getting what you want.For men,on the other hand,if you get what you want by demanding it there is also a double benefit.You status is enhanced,you are one-up on others by getting them to submit to your demands,and you get what you want
4 Girls fear rejection by their peers if they appear too successful and boys don't . Boys are encouraged from an early age to seek higher status by displaying superiority. Boasting plays a part. Girls, in contrast, learn that the closeness they seek depends upon seeming the same as, and not better than, their friends. Anecdote Six: Comment: A is more likely to be a MAN . Explanation: Who is indirect and polite? Women are more likely to use indirectness as to them it has a double benefit. If you get your way because others want the same thing as you then you have reinforced rapport as well as getting what you want. For men, on the other hand, if you get what you want by demanding it there is also a double benefit. You status is enhanced, you are one-up on others by getting them to submit to your demands, and you get what you want
案例分析 Case 1 (Unit5) Identify problem that occurred in the cross-cultural encounter in the following case. Iris is an American and has married a Chinese scholar Ren Hua.They have a three-year old son Dave.One moming before breakfast.Iris kept asking Dave to choose between two different breakfast cereals and two different kinds of fruit juice. Dave was busy playing with a toy and didn't hear her.Then Ren Hua told Iris that it isn't necessary or proper to ask a child to choose the breakfast,it's better just give him what she thinks is best for him.Iris was puzzled,and argued that a child should be given the right to choose Questions: 1.What's the problem? 2.Why are they disagreeing? Reference Iris and Ren Hua have different ways of educating their son based on their own culture. In individualist cultures like America,every person is encouraged to act independently and be responsible for his actions,so children are encouraged at early ages to start making decisions.This allows them to leam to express their individual desires and make choices.Sonia gave her son a choice for breakfast.which would allow him to eat what he preferred.Critical in this process is the parent's responsibility to only offer a child choices that are safe and in the ch ild's best interest. Sonia was offering cereal and juice,both healthy for breakfast.The choices offered to the son were the flavors. 5
5 案例分析 Case 1 （Unit 5） Identify problem that occurred in the cross-cultural encounter in the following case. Iris is an American and has married a Chinese scholar Ren Hua. They have a three-year old son Dave. One morning before breakfast, Iris kept asking Dave to choose between two different breakfast cereals and two different kinds of fruit juice. Dave was busy playing with a toy and didn’t hear her. Then Ren Hua told Iris that it isn't necessary or proper to ask a child to choose the breakfast, it's better just give him what she thinks is best for him. Iris was puzzled, and argued that a child should be given the right to choose. Questions: 1. What’s the problem? 2. Why are they disagreeing? Reference Iris and Ren Hua have different ways of educating their son based on their own culture. In individualist cultures like America, every person is encouraged to act independently and be responsible for his actions, so children are encouraged at early ages to start making decisions. This allows them to learn to express their individual desires and make choices. Sonia gave her son a choice for breakfast, which would allow him to eat what he preferred. Critical in this process is the parent's responsibility to only offer a child choices that are safe and in the child's best interest. Sonia was offering cereal and juice, both healthy for breakfast. The choices offered to the son were the flavors
The parent is responsible to only offer choices in a situation that the child can reasonably handle.Offering a child choices allows for the child's needs and desires to be met.but it must be paired with teaching that child about responsibility and accountability for the choice.This will teach independence and consideration. In a culture or hierarchical society like China,the parent is more likely to make the decision for the child.and the children are not supposed to make their own decisions when they're young.In this case,the child is leaming to accept what is given and to experience being part of a group in which others know best what he needs and therefore make decisions for him.So as a Chinese,Ren Hua was correct in asking his wife not to make the choice for Dave. This breakfast incident points out the differences in the cultural values for nurturing children.And neither Sonia nor Ren Hua may have realized the differences they would encounter while rearing a child
6 The parent is responsible to only offer choices in a situation that the child can reasonably handle. Offering a child choices allows for the child's needs and desires to be met, but it must be paired with teaching that child about responsibility and accountability for the choice. This will teach independence and consideration. In a culture or hierarchical society like China, the parent is more likely to make the decision for the child, and the children are not supposed to make their own decisions when they're young. In this case, the child is learning to accept what is given and to experience being part of a group in which others know best what he needs and therefore make decisions for him. So as a Chinese, Ren Hua was correct in asking his wife not to make the choice for Dave. This breakfast incident points out the differences in the cultural values for nurturing children. And neither Sonia nor Ren Hua may have realized the differences they would encounter while rearing a child