Review:Writing Effective Sentences 2016-1-6 Naturally,sb./sth.does not cause/lead to /result in...-but sb./sth.surely helps if only by doing.... 当然，某一结果并不是由某人或某物带来的，但这肯定给某人带来好处坏处，虽说仅仅是······ 应用：当然，仅有乐观态度还不能确保你生活幸福，但它的确会给你带来好处，虽说仅仅是改变了你对生活的态度。 Naturally,optimism alone does not ensure you a happy life-but it surely helps if only by changing your attitude toward life. 应用：b当然，一事无成的后果并不是漫不经心所致，但它的确会给你带来坏处，虽说仅仅是对你的表现产生了一点点影响。 Naturally carelessness does not lead to your failure in everything-but it surely has negative effects if only by leaving a bit of its mark on your behavior. Typical patterns for adding sth.unfavorable: Despite...For all...,sb.did manage to do sth..Even so,sb.else refuses to...,doing sth.else instead. 尽管。·····，某人设法做了某事。即使如此，他人仍拒绝······，而是······ 应用：a.尽管薪金低，工作条件差，他还是圆满地完成了任务。即使如此，老板也没有提拔他，而是不公正地对待他。 Despite the low salary and bad working conditions,he did manage to finish his task perfectly.Even so,the boss refuses to get him promoted. treating him unfairly instead. 应用：b.尽管困难重重，中国设法改善了人民生活条件，确保了人民的合法权益。即使如此，一些西方国家打着人权的旗号，拒绝投 我国人权现状的赞成票，而是横加指责。 For all various difficulties,China has managed to improve people's living conditions and guarantee their legal rights.Even so,some western countries.under the cover of human rights.refuse to vote for the status of our civil rights.making unfounded charges instead. Typical patterns for providing evidence: A recent (latest survey (study investigation poll)(conducted done taken by...shows(reveals indicates finds)that sb.thinks...,while sb. else believes... 最新调查表明：某人认为······，而其他人则认为······ 应用：a最近对大学毕业生做的一次调查表明：为数不少的人认为高薪水非常重要，而大多数人则认为找一个有意义的工作，做些有 趣的事更重要。 A latest survey conducted among college graduates shows that quite a few people think a high salary is of great importance.while most of them believe doing something worthwhile and enjoyable at work is more important 应用：b.社会学家做的一项调查表明：多数年轻人认为他们信守传统观念，而另有一些人认为为了家庭和孩子牺牲个人的幸福不值 得。 Apoll conducted by sociologists indicates that most young.people think they remain true to the traditional values.while some others regard it as of little worth to sacrifice personal happiness for the sake of the family and children. Typical patterns for the exposition of sb.'s way of doing sth. Sb.’s formula/recipe/prescription for(doing)sth.is sth.else/to do sth.else.某人（做某事）的诀窍/秘诀是······ 应用：a宽容、耐心和理解是她幸福婚姻的秘诀。 Tolerance.patience and understanding are her formula for a happy marriage. 应用：b.他生意场上成功的秘诀是：诚信为本，顾客至上。 His recipe for success in business is to take honesty as his cardinal principle and put the customers first. Instead of doing sth.,sb.tries to do sth.else 某人不是要做某事，而是千方百计/设法做别的事情。 应用：a一个有良知的记者不是要掩盖真相，而是千方百计使之大白于天下。 Instead of covering facts up,a journalist of conscience tries to bring them to light. 应用：b.一个好母亲不是一味地迁就自己的孩子，而是设法让孩子明白是非曲直。 Instead of giving in to her child blindly,a good mother manages to make her child clear about right and wrong. As a replacement for sth./sb.lost,sb.(also)does sth.else.作为对失去的某物/某人的弥补，某人（也）做别的事。 应用：a作为对自己的儿子在成长过程中缺乏父爱的弥补，他对自己的孙子倾注了全部的爱。 As a replacement for lack of father love during his son's growth,he devoted all of his love to his grandson. 应用：b.作为对民航业在全球性恐怖袭击中所受经济损失的弥补，一些国家对该行业提供了更多的优惠政策。 As a replacement for the economic loss of the civil aviation caused by the worldwide terrorist attacks,some countries provide more preferential policies for it. Typical patterns for comparisons and contrasts For those who...,sth.is more...than sth.else. 对那些······人来说，某事要比别的事更······ 应用：对那些从事管理工作的专业人士来说，与人共事的能力要比扎实的专业技术更重要。 For those professionals who are engaged in management.the ability to work with people is more important than the sound professional skill. 应用：b.对那些追求家庭生活温馨的人来说，配偶的内在素质要比外表更可靠、更可取。 For those who go after the warmth of family life,the spouse's interiors are more reliable and more desirable than his/her exteriors. While sb.watches his business/career/study etc.bloom/thrive/boom/prosper etc.,sb.else is undergoing sth.unfortunate/distressing etc
Review: Writing Effective Sentences 2016-1-6 Naturally, sb. / sth. does not cause / lead to / result in… — but sb. / sth. surely helps if only by doing…. 当然，某一结果并不是由某人或某物带来的，但这肯定给某人带来好处/坏处，虽说仅仅是······ 应用：a. 当然，仅有乐观态度还不能确保你生活幸福，但它的确会给你带来好处，虽说仅仅是改变了你对生活的态度。 Naturally, optimism alone does not ensure you a happy life—but it surely helps if only by changing your attitude toward life. 应用：b. 当然，一事无成的后果并不是漫不经心所致, 但它的确会给你带来坏处，虽说仅仅是对你的表现产生了一点点影响。 Naturally, carelessness does not lead to your failure in everything — but it surely has negative effects if only by leaving a bit of its mark on your behavior. Typical patterns for adding sth. unfavorable: Despite… / For all…, sb. did manage to do sth.. Even so, sb. else refuses to…, doing sth. else instead. 尽管······，某人设法做了某事。即使如此，他人仍拒绝 ······，而是······ 应用：a. 尽管薪金低，工作条件差，他还是圆满地完成了任务。即使如此，老板也没有提拔他，而是不公正地对待他。 Despite the low salary and bad working conditions, he did manage to finish his task perfectly. Even so, the boss refuses to get him promoted, treating him unfairly instead. 应用：b. 尽管困难重重，中国设法改善了人民生活条件，确保了人民的合法权益。即使如此，一些西方国家打着人权的旗号，拒绝投 我国人权现状的赞成票，而是横加指责。 For all various difficulties, China has managed to improve people’s living conditions and guarantee their legal rights. Even so, some western countries, under the cover of human rights, refuse to vote for the status of our civil rights, making unfounded charges instead. Typical patterns for providing evidence: A recent (latest ) survey (study / investigation / poll) (conducted / done / taken by…) shows (reveals / indicates / finds) that sb. thinks…, while sb. else believes… 最新调查表明：某人认为······ ，而其他人则认为······ 应用：a. 最近对大学毕业生做的一次调查表明：为数不少的人认为高薪水非常重要，而大多数人则认为找一个有意义的工作，做些有 趣的事更重要。 A latest survey conducted among college graduates shows that quite a few people think a high salary is of great importance, while most of them believe doing something worthwhile and enjoyable at work is more important. 应用：b. 社会学家做的一项调查表明：多数年轻人认为他们信守传统观念，而另有一些人认为为了家庭和孩子牺牲个人的幸福不值 得。 A poll conducted by sociologists indicates that most young people think they remain true to the traditional values, while some others regard it as of little worth to sacrifice personal happiness for the sake of the family and children. Typical patterns for the exposition of sb.’s way of doing sth. Sb.’s formula / recipe / prescription for (doing) sth. is sth. else / to do sth. else. 某人（做某事）的诀窍 / 秘诀是······ 应用：a.宽容、耐心和理解是她幸福婚姻的秘诀。 Tolerance, patience and understanding are her formula for a happy marriage. 应用：b.他生意场上成功的秘诀是：诚信为本，顾客至上。 His recipe for success in business is to take honesty as his cardinal principle and put the customers first. Instead of doing sth., sb. tries to do sth. else 某人不是要做某事，而是千方百计／设法做别的事情。 应用：a.一个有良知的记者不是要掩盖真相，而是千方百计使之大白于天下。 Instead of covering facts up, a journalist of conscience tries to bring them to light. 应用：b.一个好母亲不是一味地迁就自己的孩子，而是设法让孩子明白是非曲直。 Instead of giving in to her child blindly, a good mother manages to make her child clear about right and wrong. As a replacement for sth./sb. lost, sb. (also) does sth. else. 作为对失去的某物／某人的弥补,某人(也)做别的事。 应用：a. 作为对自己的儿子在成长过程中缺乏父爱的弥补，他对自己的孙子倾注了全部的爱。 As a replacement for lack of father love during his son’s growth, he devoted all of his love to his grandson. 应用：b.作为对民航业在全球性恐怖袭击中所受经济损失的弥补，一些国家对该行业提供了更多的优惠政策。 As a replacement for the economic loss of the civil aviation caused by the worldwide terrorist attacks, some countries provide more preferential policies for it. Typical patterns for comparisons and contrasts For those who…, sth. is more…than sth. else. 对那些······人来说，某事要比别的事更······ 应用：a.对那些从事管理工作的专业人士来说，与人共事的能力要比扎实的专业技术更重要。 For those professionals who are engaged in management, the ability to work with people is more important than the sound professional skill. 应用：b.对那些追求家庭生活温馨的人来说,配偶的内在素质要比外表更可靠、更可取。 For those who go after the warmth of family life, the spouse’s interiors are more reliable and more desirable than his / her exteriors. While sb. watches his business/career/study etc. bloom/thrive/boom/prosper etc., sb. else is undergoing sth. unfortunate/distressing etc
在某人目睹其生意/事业/学业等兴旺发达的同时，别人正在经历不幸的事情。 应用：a在我们看着沿海地区日益繁荣的同时，贫困地区许多失学儿童却亟需我们的关爱。 While we watch the coastal areas thrive with each passing day,many of the children unable to go to school in the poverty-stricken regions are seriously in need of our love and care. 应用：b.月儿弯弯照九州，几家欢乐几家愁。 With the earth bathed in the rays of the moon.some families are worrying about their life while some watch theirs filled with happiness. Typical patterns for making a judgment of sb.or sth.(对······的判断) Sb.has never done sth..before,but he/she knows/judges/infers/deduces from ..that sth.orsb.…某人从未做过某 事，但他/她从······中得知/推断某事/某人… 应用：a.我从未处理过离婚的案件，但从双方的申诉中判断他们的夫妻缘分已尽。 I have never handled any case of divorce before,but I judge from the appeals made by both sides that their relationship has come to an end. 应用：b.我还从未预测过中国的未来，但从其近20年的经济发展推断她将拥有一个更加灿烂的明天。 I have never predicted the future of China yet.but I can deduce from her economic development of last 20 years that she will embrace a more brilliant tomorrow. As though sb.senses/reads my mind,he she answers my thoughts and tells (that)... 某人似乎读懂了我心思，他/她回答我，······ 应用：.他似乎读懂了我对他的爱情的疑虑，坦率地回答我说，他已和很多女孩相处过，但唯独和我的接触使他的生活变化最大。 As though he sensed my doubt about his love for me.he answered my thoughts and frankly told me that he had made contacts with many girls but none of them had brought greater changes to his life than the contact with me. 应用：b.老师似乎读懂了学生们的心思，他安慰他们说：“只要大家把我课上讲的知识复习到位，都可以在期末考试中取得好成 绩。” As though the teacher was a mind reader,he assured the students and said,Everyone will achieve good results in the term-end examination as long as you have a good review of what I have taught in class." Typical patterns for coming to the realization Their/Our eyes meet and somehow,(together,)they/I become aware/conscious or realize that-相互的目光发生碰 撞，不知怎么的，他们/我意识到····· of sth. 应用：a.他们的目光相遇了，不知怎么的，他们都意识到这可能是他们的诀别。 Their eyes met and somehow.together,they came to realize that this might be the time for them to part with each other forever. 应用：b.我们的目光相遇了，不知怎么的，我马上意识到，这次目光接触将使我与她的关系发生根本性的改变。 Our eyes met and somehow,I immediately became conscious that this eye contact would bring about a complete change in my relationship with her. 2)Slowly Gradually,in the course of doing sth.,sb.becomes aware conscious or realizes that that in fact,. 某人在做某事的过程中渐渐地意识到······，实际上，······ 应用：.我在教书的过程中渐渐地意识到我天生适合这项工作，意识到它实际上是我生命的一部分，而且我乐意把它视作自己的终身 职业。 Gradually.in the course of teaching,I became aware that I was made for the job.that in fact,it was a part of my life,and I would like to see it as my life career. 应用：b.在与人交往的过程中，渐渐地，我意识到宽宏大度可以为你营造一个愉快的生活氛围，意识到它事实上可以使你终生受益。 Slowly in the course of associating with others.I have come to realize that large-mindedness can create you a pleasant climate of living.that in fact it can be of benefit to your whole life. Typical patterns for revealing one's feelings In the face/case(In a state/a climate of…)of…,sb.feels-(从句)and…在······情况下，某人感觉 ·”··。”,·。·。·· 应用：a.面对女友的绝情信，他感觉天快塌下来了，并听到内心在嘲弄他是世上最笨的人。 In the face of his girlfriend's Dear John email.he felt the sky was about to fall and heard his innermost being mock him as the most foolish one in the world. 应用：b.在等待那次重要的面试时，我感觉自己的脉搏加快，记忆一片空白。 In waiting for that important interview,I felt my own pulse quicken and my memory become a complete blank There is a swell fit an outburst outbreak of...within sb.for sb.who...sth.that... 对这个…人/事，某人心中涌起了一种（股）······ 应用：a.对这位世上第一个横渡英吉利海峡的残疾中国人，我心中涌起一股敬佩之情。 There is a swell of esteem within me for this disabled Chinese who is the first in the world to swim across the English Channel. 应用：b.对这种既破坏环境又殃及子孙的做法我心中爆发出一股无明火。 There is an outburst of inexplicable anger within me for the move that not only destroys the environment but affects our offspring as well. Typical patterns for reasoning After all,(理由)Therefore,is a major concern/emphasis.(观点) 要知道/毕竟，······所以，······是关注的重点。 应用：.要知道，我们仍然是一个发展中国家。所以，如何使我们的国民经济保持可持续发展将是关注的重点。 After all,we are still a developing country.Therefore,how to keep our economic development sustainable will be a major concern. 应用：b.要知道，未来社会更看重具备综合素质的人才。所以，对大学生的全面教育应是大学改革的重点所在。 After all,the future society will attach more weight to those with comprehensive qualities.Therefore,carrying out all-round education on students should be a major emphasis for the college reforms
在某人目睹其生意／事业／学业等兴旺发达的同时，别人正在经历不幸的事情。 应用：a.在我们看着沿海地区日益繁荣的同时，贫困地区许多失学儿童却亟需我们的关爱。 While we watch the coastal areas thrive with each passing day, many of the children unable to go to school in the poverty-stricken regions are seriously in need of our love and care. 应用：b.月儿弯弯照九州，几家欢乐几家愁。 With the earth bathed in the rays of the moon, some families are worrying about their life while some watch theirs filled with happiness. Typical patterns for making a judgment of sb. or sth. (对······的判断) Sb. has never done sth. before, but he / she knows / judges / infers / deduces from …that sth. or sb. … 某人从未做过某 事，但他／她从······中得知／推断某事／某人…… 应用： a. 我从未处理过离婚的案件，但从双方的申诉中判断他们的夫妻缘分已尽。 I have never handled any case of divorce before, but I judge from the appeals made by both sides that their relationship has come to an end. 应用: b. 我还从未预测过中国的未来，但从其近20年的经济发展推断她将拥有一个更加灿烂的明天。 I have never predicted the future of China yet, but I can deduce from her economic development of last 20 years that she will embrace a more brilliant tomorrow. As though sb. senses / reads my mind, he / she answers my thoughts and tells (that) … 某人似乎读懂了我心思，他／她回答我， ······ 应用:a. 他似乎读懂了我对他的爱情的疑虑，坦率地回答我说，他已和很多女孩相处过，但唯独和我的接触使他的生活变化最大。 As though he sensed my doubt about his love for me, he answered my thoughts and frankly told me that he had made contacts with many girls but none of them had brought greater changes to his life than the contact with me. 应用： b. 老师似乎读懂了学生们的心思，他安慰他们说：“只要大家把我课上讲的知识复习到位，都可以在期末考试中取得好成 绩。” As though the teacher was a mind reader, he assured the students and said, “ Everyone will achieve good results in the term-end examination as long as you have a good review of what I have taught in class.” Typical patterns for coming to the realization Their / Our eyes meet and somehow, ( together,) they / I become aware / conscious or realize that …相互的目光发生碰 撞，不知怎么的，他们／我意识到······ of sth. 应用： a. 他们的目光相遇了，不知怎么的， 他们都意识到这可能是他们的诀别。 Their eyes met and somehow, together, they came to realize that this might be the time for them to part with each other forever. 应用：b. 我们的目光相遇了,不知怎么的， 我马上意识到，这次目光接触将使我与她的关系发生根本性的改变。 Our eyes met and somehow, I immediately became conscious that this eye contact would bring about a complete change in my relationship with her. 2) Slowly / Gradually, in the course of doing sth., sb. becomes aware / conscious or realizes that …, that in fact, … 某人在做某事的过程中渐渐地意识到······, 实际上, ······ 应用: a. 我在教书的过程中渐渐地意识到我天生适合这项工作，意识到它实际上是我生命的一部分，而且我乐意把它视作自己的终身 职业。 Gradually, in the course of teaching, I became aware that I was made for the job, that in fact, it was a part of my life, and I would like to see it as my life career. 应用: b. 在与人交往的过程中，渐渐地，我意识到宽宏大度可以为你营造一个愉快的生活氛围，意识到它事实上可以使你终生受益。 Slowly, in the course of associating with others, I have come to realize that large-mindedness can create you a pleasant climate of living, that in fact it can be of benefit to your whole life. Typical patterns for revealing one’s feelings In the face / case (In a state / a climate of …) of …, sb. feels …(从句) and … 在······情况下，某人 感觉 ······, ······ 应用: a. 面对女友的绝情信，他感觉天快塌下来了，并听到内心在嘲弄他是世上最笨的人。 In the face of his girlfriend’s Dear John email, he felt the sky was about to fall and heard his innermost being mock him as the most foolish one in the world. 应用: b. 在等待那次重要的面试时，我感觉自己的脉搏加快，记忆一片空白。 In waiting for that important interview, I felt my own pulse quicken and my memory become a complete blank. There is a swell / fit / an outburst / outbreak of … within sb. for sb. who … / sth. that ... 对这个……人 / 事，某人心中涌起了一种（股）······ 应用： a. 对这位世上第一个横渡英吉利海峡的残疾中国人，我心中涌起一股敬佩之情。 There is a swell of esteem within me for this disabled Chinese who is the first in the world to swim across the English Channel. 应用：b. 对这种既破坏环境又殃及子孙的做法我心中爆发出一股无明火。 There is an outburst of inexplicable anger within me for the move that not only destroys the environment but affects our offspring as well. Typical patterns for reasoning After all, …(理由) Therefore, …is a major concern / emphasis. (观点) 要知道／毕竟，······ 所以，······是关注的重点。 应用： a. 要知道，我们仍然是一个发展中国家。所以，如何使我们的国民经济保持可持续发展将是关注的重点。 After all, we are still a developing country. Therefore, how to keep our economic development sustainable will be a major concern. 应用： b. 要知道，未来社会更看重具备综合素质的人才。所以，对大学生的全面教育应是大学改革的重点所在。 After all, the future society will attach more weight to those with comprehensive qualities. Therefore, carrying out all-round education on students should be a major emphasis for the college reforms
Sth./Sb.seems to...,but not if.. 某人/物似乎······，但如果······就不····· 应用：a,因特网似乎是人类所知的最好的信息源，但如果遭到电脑病毒的大规模袭击就不行了。 The Internet seems to be the best information source ever known to man,but not if it is subjected to a large-scale attack of computer viruses. 应用：b.容貌似乎是她在演艺界成功的关键，但如果她缺乏内在素质就不行了。 Good looks seem to be the key to her success in the show business,but not if she lacks genuine core. Typical patterns for further suggestion Besides In addition to /Apart from working seeking to...,sb.needs to... 除了设法······外，某人也/还需要······ 应用：a除了设法提高自己的文化水平外，一个大学生还需要提高自己的道德修养。 Besides seeking to improve his her intellectual level,a college student needs to refine his/her moral taste. 应用：b.除了设法改革课程结构外，校方还需最大限度地丰富校园生活。 Besides seeking to reform the structures of courses,the university needs to enrich the campus life to the fullest. 应用：a.要知道，我们仍然是一个发展中国家。所以，如何使我们的国民经济保持可持续发展将是关注的重点。 After all,we are still a developing country.Therefore,how to keep our economic development sustainable will be a major concern. 应用：b.要知道，未来社会更看重具备综合素质的人才。所以，对大学生的全面教育应是大学改革的重点所在。 After all,the future society will attach more weight to those with comprehensive qualities.Therefore,carrying out all-round education on students should be a major emphasis for the college reforms. Sb.concerns himself with sth.doing sth.,regardless of sth.else 某人只顾某事/做某事，而不顾其他的事。 Typical patterns for describing sb.'s preoccupation with sth. 应用：a.许多家长只关注孩子的学业和身体，而对孩子的精神健康漠不关心。 Many parents concern themselves with their children's academic achievements and physical conditions,regardless of their moral health. 应用：.一些人只顾匆忙地穿过街道，而不顾路上穿梭的车辆。这时往往就会发生交通事故。 Traffic accidents often occur when people concern themselves with hurrying across streets.regardless of the shuttling cars on the road. Transitional patterns for offering examples: The following Here are a few/some typical examples of sth.or sb.doing sth. 下面就是几个/一 些/典型的某事或某人做某事的例子。 应用：a下面是几个在自己的事业中表现出了强烈兴趣并做出不懈努力的人们的典型例子。强烈的兴趣和不懈努力是人类一切活动成 功的关键因素。 Here are some typical examples of people showing in their careers intense interest plus persistent effort.which is the key factor to the success in every human activity 应用：b.下面是几个人的例子，这些人常常把看上去可浪费的时间充分利用起来，使之产生效率。 The following are a few examples of men who tend to make the normally wasted hours useful and productive Typical patterns for expressing doubts Sb.promises (undertakes)/intends decides)to do sth./that...,but questions doubts/worries remain as to... 某人答应（承诺）/打算（决定）做某事/······，但人们对······仍然心存疑虑/担忧。 应用：.尽管那家公司已经与工人签定了劳动合同，并承诺保障他们的合法权益，但工人们仍然对公司的诚信度和可靠性忧心重重。 The company has already signed the labor contracts with the workers and promises to guarantee their legal rights.but worries remain as to its honesty and reliability. 应用：b.这个年轻人承诺自己要改邪归正，重新做人，但人们对他是否会信守诺言仍然心存疑虑。 The young man undertakes to turn over a new leaf but doubts remain as to whether he will keep his promise or not. Typical patterns for showing uncertainty Sb.says/claims/argues that…But it remains to be seen/done whether/which/what…(从句) 某人称宣称/认为······但是要了解（知道）/做······，尚需时日。 应用：α推销员宣称他们的笔记本电脑质量最好，然而对这种产品到底能用多久，我们将拭目以待，因为我们相信真金不怕火炼。 The salesman claims their laptop is of the best quality But it remains to be seen whether this brand will last long or not.for we believe that "True gold fears no fire.” 应用：b.经过充分的准备，每个球队对取得比赛胜利都充满了信心，然而最终花落谁家尚待以后见分晓。 After sufficient preparations.every team is confident of its success in the matches But it remains to be seen which team will be the final winner. Typical patterns for showing the changes of one's mind To start with,sb.admits feels believes)that at first at the beginning)...But when (as)...,he she found (realized)that... 首先某人承认（感到/认为）起初，······但是当······时某人发现（感觉到）······ 应用：a首先我应该承认，起初她的外貌并没有给我留下什么印象。但随着我们接触增多，我发现她温柔、贤惠、善解人意。 To start with I must admit that at the beginning her looks left little impression on me But as we made more contacts with each other.I found her gentle.virtuous.and good at reading my mind. 应用：b.他首先承认当初他对此事想得太简单，觉得不用费多大力。但当他着手做此事时，他突然意识到，凡事想做好都不容易。 To start with he admits that at first he took the matter for granted.assuming it is unnecessary for him to make much effort.But when he set about doing it.he came to a sudden awareness that nothing is so easy if one wants to do it better. Typical patterns for showing one's disapproval of doing sth. If sb.has to do sth.before sb.does what he wants to do,little (nothing)would.. 在······之前，假如必须做······，那么几乎什么（没有任何事情）可以（能够）······ 应用：.诚然，谨慎的确重要。但如果在采取行动之前我们总得瞻前顾后，那么什么事情也做不成。 Admittedly.being cautious really matters.But if we always have to look ahead and behind before we take actions.nothing could be achieved
Sth. / Sb. seems to…, but not if … 某人 ／ 物似乎······, 但如果······就不······ 应用：a. 因特网似乎是人类所知的最好的信息源，但如果遭到电脑病毒的大规模袭击就不行了。 The Internet seems to be the best information source ever known to man, but not if it is subjected to a large-scale attack of computer viruses. 应用：b. 容貌似乎是她在演艺界成功的关键,但如果她缺乏内在素质就不行了。 Good looks seem to be the key to her success in the show business, but not if she lacks genuine core. Typical patterns for further suggestion Besides / In addition to / Apart from working / seeking to…, sb. needs to… 除了设法······外, 某人也 / 还需要······ 应用：a. 除了设法提高自己的文化水平外，一个大学生还需要提高自己的道德修养。 Besides seeking to improve his / her intellectual level, a college student needs to refine his / her moral taste. 应用：b. 除了设法改革课程结构外，校方还需最大限度地丰富校园生活。 Besides seeking to reform the structures of courses, the university needs to enrich the campus life to the fullest. 应用： a. 要知道，我们仍然是一个发展中国家。所以，如何使我们的国民经济保持可持续发展将是关注的重点。 After all, we are still a developing country. Therefore, how to keep our economic development sustainable will be a major concern. 应用： b. 要知道，未来社会更看重具备综合素质的人才。所以，对大学生的全面教育应是大学改革的重点所在。 After all, the future society will attach more weight to those with comprehensive qualities. Therefore, carrying out all-round education on students should be a major emphasis for the college reforms. Sb. concerns himself with sth. / doing sth., regardless of sth. else. 某人只顾某事/做某事， 而不顾其他的事。 Typical patterns for describing sb.’s preoccupation with sth. 应用：a. 许多家长只关注孩子的学业和身体，而对孩子的精神健康漠不关心。 Many parents concern themselves with their children’s academic achievements and physical conditions, regardless of their moral health. 应用：b. 一些人只顾匆忙地穿过街道，而不顾路上穿梭的车辆。这时往往就会发生交通事故。 Traffic accidents often occur when people concern themselves with hurrying across streets, regardless of the shuttling cars on the road. Transitional patterns for offering examples： The following / Here are a few / some / typical examples of sth. or sb. doing sth. 下面就是几个/ 一 些/ 典型的某事或某人做某事的例子。 应用：a. 下面是几个在自己的事业中表现出了强烈兴趣并做出不懈努力的人们的典型例子。强烈的兴趣和不懈努力是人类一切活动成 功的关键因素。 Here are some typical examples of people showing in their careers intense interest plus persistent effort, which is the key factor to the success in every human activity. 应用：b. 下面是几个人的例子，这些人常常把看上去可浪费的时间充分利用起来，使之产生效率。 The following are a few examples of men who tend to make the normally wasted hours useful and productive. Typical patterns for expressing doubts Sb. promises (undertakes) /intends ( decides) to do sth. / that…, but questions / doubts / worries remain as to… 某人答应（承诺）/ 打算（决定）做某事/ ······，但人们对 ······ 仍然心存疑虑/ 担忧。 应用：a. 尽管那家公司已经与工人签定了劳动合同，并承诺保障他们的合法权益，但工人们仍然对公司的诚信度和可靠性忧心重重。 The company has already signed the labor contracts with the workers and promises to guarantee their legal rights, but worries remain as to its honesty and reliability. 应用：b. 这个年轻人承诺自己要改邪归正，重新做人，但人们对他是否会信守诺言仍然心存疑虑。 The young man undertakes to turn over a new leaf, but doubts remain as to whether he will keep his promise or not. Typical patterns for showing uncertainty Sb. says / claims / argues that… But it remains to be seen / done whether / which / what…(从句) 某人称 /宣称/ 认为······ 但是要了解（知道）/ 做······, 尚需时日。 应用：a. 推销员宣称他们的笔记本电脑质量最好，然而对这种产品到底能用多久，我们将拭目以待, 因为我们相信真金不怕火炼。 The salesman claims their laptop is of the best quality. But it remains to be seen whether this brand will last long or not, for we believe that “True gold fears no fire.” 应用：b. 经过充分的准备，每个球队对取得比赛胜利都充满了信心，然而最终花落谁家尚待以后见分晓。 After sufficient preparations, every team is confident of its success in the matches. But it remains to be seen which team will be the final winner. Typical patterns for showing the changes of one’s mind To start with, sb. admits ( feels / believes) that at first ( at the beginning)… But when (as)…, he / she found (realized) that… 首先某人承认(感到/认为),起初，······ 但是当······时,某人发现(感觉到)······ 应用：a. 首先我应该承认,起初她的外貌并没有给我留下什么印象。但随着我们接触增多,我发现她温柔、贤惠、善解人意。 To start with I must admit that at the beginning her looks left little impression on me. But as we made more contacts with each other, I found her gentle, virtuous, and good at reading my mind. 应用: b. 他首先承认当初他对此事想得太简单，觉得不用费多大力。但当他着手做此事时, 他突然意识到，凡事想做好都不容易。 To start with he admits that at first he took the matter for granted, assuming it is unnecessary for him to make much effort. But when he set about doing it, he came to a sudden awareness that nothing is so easy if one wants to do it better. Typical patterns for showing one’s disapproval of doing sth. If sb. has to do sth. before sb. does what he wants to do, little (nothing) would… 在······之前,假如必须做······,那么几乎什么(没有任何事情)可以(能够)······ 应用: a. 诚然, 谨慎的确重要。但如果在采取行动之前我们总得瞻前顾后, 那么什么事情也做不成。 Admittedly, being cautious really matters. But if we always have to look ahead and behind before we take actions, nothing could be achieved
应用：b.假如我们在实施一项计划之前必须征得每个人的支持，那么很多机会就会白白丧失，从而一事无成。 If we have to get everyone's approval of a plan before we put it into effect,many opportunities would be wasted,thus leaving little to be done. Typical patterns for expressing one's reservations about sth. Sb.(Sth.)else may be right(correct/reasonable/true).But sb.still thinks(believes/considers/feels/takes the view)that.. 某人（某事）也许是对的。但某人仍然认为······ 应用：.发展当地经济是正确的。但我仍然认为以牺牲环境为代价来发展经济无异于杀鸡取卵。 Developing local economy is correct.But I still believe developing the economy at the expense of the environment is no different from killing the goose to get its golden egg. 应用：b.他关于成功的定义也许是对的。但我仍然认为一个成功的人是执着追求自己梦想的人。重要的是过程，而非结果。 His definition of success may be right.But I still think a successful person is one who persists in pursuing his dream.It's the process.not the result.that counts. Typical patterns for giving warning: Ifsb.often/always…,like·(从句)，then sb.may be doing… 如果某人经常/总是······，好像······，那么某人很可能是······ 应用：a.如果你对什么事都桃剔、对什么人都吹毛求疵，好像生活中什么都不如意，那么你可能在追求一种不幸的生活方式。 If you always pick holes in everything and find fault with everyone around you.like nothing in life agrees with your wishes,then you may be pursuing an unhappy lifestyle. 应用：b.如果你什么事都看不上眼，好像无事值得你去做，那么你可能在虚度宝贵的时光。 If you hold everything in contempt.like nothing is worth your efforts.then you may be idling away your precious time. Typical patterns for showing results What happens is that the more sb.or sth....with...,the more likely sb.or sth.is to...with... 此时就会发生这种情况一某人或某事由于······变得越······，某人或某事就越可能因为······而 甲单年年。单 应用：a随着高考临近，会发生这样的情况一由于父母过高的期望孩子越发焦虑，他们就越可能因为压力太大而发挥差。 With the college entrance exams drawing nearer.what happens is that the more anxious the children get with their parents'high expectations.the more likely they are to perform poorly with the excessive stress. 应用：b.在健康的家庭生活氛围里，常常会出现这样的情况一孩子由于父母恰如其分的表扬变得越自信，从而他们很可能会因为这 种自信而做得更好。 In a healthy atmosphere of family life.what often happens is that the more self-confident children get with parents'proper praises.the more likely. they are to do even better with such self-confidence. Typical patterns for giving advice: From sb.'s viewpoint point of view (angle of view),the (other)key to doing sth.is to realize recognize admit/acknowledge beware)that... -like... 依照某人的观点，做某事的（另一个）关键因素是承认/意识到（谨防）······一比如······ 应用：a.按照专家们的观点，戒毒的另一个关键因素是谨防外因导致复吸一比如被同伴勾引。 From the experts'viewpoints,the other key to ridding yourself of drugs is to beware that you may fall again into the bad habit as a result of external factors-like getting hooked by your companions. 应用：b.按照一位哲学家的观点，摆脱烦恼的另一关键因素是要承认生活中总有些不可控的事情一比如同事间的闲话和有人对你的妒 忌。 From a philosopher's point of view.the other key to keeping your mind free from worry is to realize that there is always something in life beyond your control-like gossip among.your colleagues and somebody's jealousy against you
应用: b. 假如我们在实施一项计划之前必须征得每个人的支持, 那么很多机会就会白白丧失, 从而一事无成。 If we have to get everyone’s approval of a plan before we put it into effect, many opportunities would be wasted, thus leaving little to be done. Typical patterns for expressing one’s reservations about sth. Sb. (Sth.) else may be right (correct / reasonable / true). But sb. still thinks (believes / considers / feels / takes the view) that… 某人(某事)也许是对的。但某人仍然认为······ 应用: a. 发展当地经济是正确的。但我仍然认为以牺牲环境为代价来发展经济无异于杀鸡取卵。 Developing local economy is correct. But I still believe developing the economy at the expense of the environment is no different from killing the goose to get its golden egg. 应用: b. 他关于成功的定义也许是对的。但我仍然认为一个成功的人是执着追求自己梦想的人。重要的是过程，而非结果。 His definition of success may be right. But I still think a successful person is one who persists in pursuing his dream. It’s the process, not the result, that counts. Typical patterns for giving warning: If sb. often / always…, like… (从句), then sb. may be doing… 如果某人经常/ 总是······，好像 ······ ，那么某人很可能是······ 应用：a. 如果你对什么事都挑剔、对什么人都吹毛求疵，好像生活中什么都不如意，那么你可能在追求一种不幸的生活方式。 If you always pick holes in everything and find fault with everyone around you, like nothing in life agrees with your wishes, then you may be pursuing an unhappy lifestyle. 应用：b. 如果你什么事都看不上眼，好像无事值得你去做，那么你可能在虚度宝贵的时光。 If you hold everything in contempt, like nothing is worth your efforts, then you may be idling away your precious time. Typical patterns for showing results What happens is that the more sb. or sth.… with…, the more likely sb. or sth. is to… with… 此时就会发生这种情况 — 某人或某事由于 ······ 变得越 ······，某人或某事就越可能因为 ······ 而 ······ 应用：a. 随着高考临近，会发生这样的情况—由于父母过高的期望孩子越发焦虑，他们就越可能因为压力太大而发挥差。 With the college entrance exams drawing nearer, what happens is that the more anxious the children get with their parents’ high expectations, the more likely they are to perform poorly with the excessive stress. 应用：b. 在健康的家庭生活氛围里，常常会出现这样的情况 — 孩子由于父母恰如其分的表扬变得越自信，从而他们很可能会因为这 种自信而做得更好。 In a healthy atmosphere of family life, what often happens is that the more self-confident children get with parents’ proper praises, the more likely they are to do even better with such self-confidence. Typical patterns for giving advice: From sb.’s viewpoint / point of view (angle of view), the (other) key to doing sth. is to realize / recognize / admit / acknowledge ( beware) that… — like… 依照某人的观点，做某事的(另一个)关键因素是承认 / 意识到 (谨防) ······—比如 ······ 应用：a. 按照专家们的观点，戒毒的另一个关键因素是谨防外因导致复吸—比如被同伴勾引。 From the experts’ viewpoints, the other key to ridding yourself of drugs is to beware that you may fall again into the bad habit as a result of external factors — like getting hooked by your companions. 应用：b. 按照一位哲学家的观点，摆脱烦恼的另一关键因素是要承认生活中总有些不可控的事情—比如同事间的闲话和有人对你的妒 忌。 From a philosopher’s point of view, the other key to keeping your mind free from worry is to realize that there is always something in life beyond your control — like gossip among your colleagues and somebody’s jealousy against you