Course Rhetoric Advanced Grade 13 Level of Undergraduate Name English Writing Specialization Instructor 杨劲松 Professional Professor Size of Class S(30students) Classroom 2 Tittle Hours Chapter of Lesson Operation of Positive Deviation in TEM 8th writing Main Course Advanced English Writing Book ECNUP Reference Books Objective Requirements: Get the students know the art of speech strategies which is credited to the strategic employment of positive deviation for rhetorical effects. Contents of Teaching,Timing of Instruction Teaching Methods 1.Introduction:what is positive deviation?(10 minutes) 2.Rhetorical operation (30 minutes Addition Definition Example analysis Tightening Definition Example analysis Substitution Definition Example analysis 3.Analysis on An Impressive Trip(30 minutes 4.Summary and Assignments(10 minutes) Teaching method:student-oriented teaching Key Points Difficult Points: Difficult Points How to add the modifiers to the key words How to reduce the redundant elements How to substitute the inappropriate use of words and phrases Important Points: Strategies of Addition Strategies of Tightening Strategies of Substitution Review Comments of Faculty Director: Signature of Faculty Director: Date Month Year Teaching Plan Lesson No.14 Lecture Schedule:2016-6-1 Content Aids Methods Time Allocation
Course Name Rhetoric & Advanced English Writing Grade 13 Level of Specialization Undergraduate Instructor 杨劲松 Professional Tittle Professor Size of Class S(30students) Classroom Hours 2 Chapter of Lesson Operation of Positive Deviation in TEM 8th writing Main Course Book & Reference Books Advanced English Writing ECNUP Objective & Requirements： Get the students know the art of speech strategies which is credited to the strategic employment of positive deviation for rhetorical effects. Contents of Teaching, Timing of Instruction & Teaching Methods 1. Introduction: what is positive deviation? (10 minutes) 2. Rhetorical operation (30 minutes ) Addition Definition Example analysis Tightening Definition Example analysis Substitution Definition Example analysis 3. Analysis on An Impressive Trip (30 minutes ) 4. Summary and Assignments (10 minutes) Teaching method: student-oriented teaching Key Points & Difficult Points： Difficult Points How to add the modifiers to the key words How to reduce the redundant elements How to substitute the inappropriate use of words and phrases Important Points: Strategies of Addition Strategies of Tightening Strategies of Substitution Review Comments of Faculty Director： Signature of Faculty Director： Date___Month____Year___ Teaching Plan Lesson No.14 Lecture Schedule：2016-6-1 Content Aids & Methods & Time Allocation
Greeting 10 minutes Teaching plan CAJ Questions and answers 1.Introduction:What is positive deviation Step 1:The students are Deviation means the flouting of conventional linguistic knowledge. expected to know about the motivation of the As the Aristotle's Theory goes:best language manifests both clarity and positive deviation. vulgarity.The clearest one is certainly necessary for the day-to-day wording, Step 2:The students are but it is inevitably course. expected to know about the rules of the Positive Deviation:The use of unusual words,redundant sentences and other rhetorical operation. variables can work wonders. Chen Wangdao also remarked that the novelty usually deviate from conventional wording,grammatical usages and logics. The same theory is echoed by Wyatt's words:"Deviation is the supreme vehicle of figure of speeches." S1:My childhood days are gone,gone. S2:My childhood days are gone. What SI has is more implicature than S2:That is,more contextual assumptions and implications which receive some degree of backing from the speaker.S2 may suggest that the speaker is experiencing a torrent of memories which the hearer is being trusted to imagine for himself. 10 minutes 2.Rhetorical operation The students are What is Addition expected to know about Two ideas with one being an addition to the other can be combined the motivation as well together by indicators of addition.There are two types of addition,one is as the rule of the reinforcement,the other is equation.Since it is often difficult to tell them addition. apart.We here treat them together Helen is the More beautiful most than the most beautiful girl. beautiful goddes Venms? Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen
Greeting Teaching plan 1. Introduction: What is positive deviation ? Deviation means the flouting of conventional linguistic knowledge. As the Aristotle’s Theory goes: best language manifests both clarity and vulgarity. The clearest one is certainly necessary for the day-to-day wording, but it is inevitably course. Positive Deviation: The use of unusual words, redundant sentences and other variables can work wonders. Chen Wangdao also remarked that the novelty usually deviate from conventional wording, grammatical usages and logics. The same theory is echoed by Wyatt’s words: “Deviation is the supreme vehicle of figure of speeches.” S1: My childhood days are gone, gone. S2: My childhood days are gone. What S1 has is more implicature than S2: That is , more contextual assumptions and implications which receive some degree of backing from the speaker. S2 may suggest that the speaker is experiencing a torrent of memories which the hearer is being trusted to imagine for himself. 2. Rhetorical operation What is Addition ? Two ideas with one being an addition to the other can be combined together by indicators of addition. There are two types of addition, one is reinforcement, the other is equation. Since it is often difficult to tell them apart. We here treat them together. 10 minutes CAJ Questions and answers Step 1: The students are expected to know about the motivation of the positive deviation. Step 2: The students are expected to know about the rules of the rhetorical operation. 10 minutes The students are expected to know about the motivation as well as the rule of the addition
Exercises 1.She is the most honest girl. She is the most honest girl that I have ever seen. 2. What is tightening tightening means cutting extra words,all those that don't contribute to your 10 minutes message.Inexperienced writers often use far more words than necessary. The students are They don't attach enough value to the individual word.As a result,the expected to know about writing appears cluttered凌乱的.The central ideas are hard to focus on the motivation as well because unimportant words get in the way. as the rule of the By tightening in sentence transformation we mean the use of a smaller tightening. language unit in place of a bigger one or the use of a shorter expression in place of a longer one.This agrees with what we call the principle of linguistic economy.In most cases,tightening applies to the transformation of compound or complex sentences into simple ones.This is usually done by substituting phrases for clauses. It was not long before he was very sorry that he was very sorry that he had said what he had. He soon repented his words. Exercises
Exercises 1. She is the most honest girl. She is the most honest girl that I have ever seen. 2. What is tightening ? tightening means cutting extra words, all those that don't contribute to your message. Inexperienced writers often use far more words than necessary. They don't attach enough value to the individual word. As a result, the writing appears cluttered凌乱的. The central ideas are hard to focus on because unimportant words get in the way. By tightening in sentence transformation we mean the use of a smaller language unit in place of a bigger one or the use of a shorter expression in place of a longer one. This agrees with what we call the principle of linguistic economy. In most cases, tightening applies to the transformation of compound or complex sentences into simple ones. This is usually done by substituting phrases for clauses. Exercises 10 minutes The students are expected to know about the motivation as well as the rule of the tightening
What is Substitution? The students are The alternative use of synonymous expressions in terms of rhetorical expected to know about transformation we call substitution. the motivation as well as the rule of the Through the substitution drills,students are presented with varying levels of substitution. speech ranging from the style used in writing and in formal situations to the more colloquial speech typical of friendly conversation. 1 The boy scrambled the stealthily along the steel corridor 2 The old man staggered to a lamp-post. 3 The father and son strayed from their home. 4 The puppy has been lurking in a corner for his unsuspecting victims. 5 With one leg hurt,The man limped home. 6 The hitch-hikers plodded wearily to the hotel. 7 The baby is toddling along the sidewalk. 8 The girl tripped forward to the front of the stage. 9 The baby crept slowly on the ground. 10 They are galloping forward. 11 The students marched by the reviewing stand. 12 The soldiers is strutting forward. 13 The young lady is loitering on the way 14 She strode into the stadium. 15 The travelers are trudging home with their baggage
What is Substitution? The alternative use of synonymous expressions in terms of rhetorical transformation we call substitution. Through the substitution drills , students are presented with varying levels of speech ranging from the style used in writing and in formal situations to the more colloquial speech typical of friendly conversation. 1 The boy scrambled the stealthily along the steel corridor. 2 The old man staggered to a lamp-post. 3 The father and son strayed from their home. 4 The puppy has been lurking in a corner for his unsuspecting victims. 5 With one leg hurt, The man limped home. 6 The hitch-hikers plodded wearily to the hotel. 7 The baby is toddling along the sidewalk. 8 The girl tripped forward to the front of the stage. 9 The baby crept slowly on the ground. 10 They are galloping forward. 11 The students marched by the reviewing stand. 12 The soldiers is strutting forward. 13 The young lady is loitering on the way. 14 She strode into the stadium. 15 The travelers are trudging home with their baggage. The students are expected to know about the motivation as well as the rule of the substitution
An impressive trip 30 minutes 1 Read the paragraph It was the first time that I had traveled with my classmates as well as my 2 let the students to teachers.Many years pass,when I think of this impressive trip,I still can't polish the following help laughing. paragraph with the In children's eyes,amusement park is a dream land.There was no doubt strategies of positive that every child in our class was excited that day,but we all pretended to be deviation composed.However,as we reached the amusement park,we all could't wait 3 give the reference rushing into the entrance.And at that day,I played so crazily with my several classmates that we totally forgot we should gather at five o'clock.As the night started falling down,we realized that we missed the gathering time. We hurried to the entrance but failed.Did we get lost?Looking around the strangers,we sured that we had left behind.We did not know how to do except waiting under a tree. After some time,our teachers found us finally.I thought they did not know whether to be angry or to laugh as they saw a group of students who fell asleep under the tree. As to me,no experience can be compared to the embarrassing trip. There is one thing that I still can't understand---how could two teachers took seven children to the bus? Substitution An impressive trip My impressive trip Addition I was the first time that I traveled with my classmates as well as my teachers. it was my first trip to Disney Park with my teachers and classmates. Addition and Substitution Many years pass when I think of this impressive trip.I still can't help laughing. Many years passed in a flash,when I think of this impressive trip my heart is full of joy
An impressive trip It was the first time that I had traveled with my classmates as well as my teachers. Many years pass, when I think of this impressive trip , I still can’t help laughing . In children’s eyes, amusement park is a dream land. There was no doubt that every child in our class was excited that day, but we all pretended to be composed. However, as we reached the amusement park, we all could’t wait rushing into the entrance. And at that day, I played so crazily with my several classmates that we totally forgot we should gather at five o’clock. As the night started falling down, we realized that we missed the gathering time. We hurried to the entrance but failed. Did we get lost? Looking around the strangers, we sured that we had left behind. We did not know how to do except waiting under a tree. After some time, our teachers found us finally. I thought they did not know whether to be angry or to laugh as they saw a group of students who fell asleep under the tree. As to me, no experience can be compared to the embarrassing trip. There is one thing that I still can’t understand ---how could two teachers took seven children to the bus? Substitution An impressive trip My impressive trip Addition I was the first time that I traveled with my classmates as well as my teachers. it was my first trip to Disney Park with my teachers and classmates. Addition and Substitution Many years pass when I think of this impressive trip. I still can’t help laughing. Many years passed in a flash, when I think of this impressive trip my heart is full of joy. 30 minutes 1 Read the paragraph 2 let the students to polish the following paragraph with the strategies of positive deviation 3 give the reference
Summary 10 minutes Rhetorical operations are patterns of thought that direct and order our Perceptions,ideas,and feelings. The two periods aim to improve the learner's'rhetorical sense and abilities of wording and phrasing and shortage of teachers as well. Assignments My views on Positive Deviation 1 Definition of Positive Deviation 2 The Motivation of Positive Deviation 3 The Types of Positive Deviation (examples for illustration) 4 Conclusion The art of creating speech was called Rhetoric,which aims to train speakers to create effective and attractive speeches by the strategies of deviation.Deviation is classified into two categories,one is positive deviation,the other is negative deviation.In writing,we try to make rhetorical effects by using positive deviation Summary while avoid negative deviation.Positive deviation can be done at every levels including lexical level,syntactic level as well as textual level.And deviation includes addition,tightening,,substitution rank-shift,combination and separation, ect..This class we mention the first three strategies
Summary Rhetorical operations are patterns of thought that direct and order our Perceptions，ideas，and feelings． The two periods aim to improve the learner’s ’ rhetorical sense and abilities of wording and phrasing and shortage of teachers as well. Assignments My views on Positive Deviation 1 Definition of Positive Deviation 2 The Motivation of Positive Deviation 3 The Types of Positive Deviation (examples for illustration) 4 Conclusion 10 minutes Summary The art of creating speech was called Rhetoric, which aims to train speakers to create effective and attractive speeches by the strategies of deviation. Deviation is classified into two categories, one is positive deviation, the other is negative deviation. In writing, we try to make rhetorical effects by using positive deviation while avoid negative deviation. Positive deviation can be done at every levels including lexical level, syntactic level as well as textual level. And deviation includes addition, tightening,, substitution rank-shift, combination and separation, ect.. This class we mention the first three strategies
Assignments My views on Positive Deviation Homework 1 Definition of Positive Deviation 2 The Motivation of Positive Deviation 3 The Types of Positive Deviation(examples for illustration) 4 Conclusion Write effective sentences Key Points of Pre- Review:The Motivation of Lexical Rhetoric in English Writing:Deviation studying Rheme Theme The students are poor with diction. Implementation The Chinese way of thinking in English is obvious in students'writing. and Analysis The students need more exercises of rhetorical operation
Homework Assignments My views on Positive Deviation 1 Definition of Positive Deviation 2 The Motivation of Positive Deviation 3 The Types of Positive Deviation (examples for illustration) 4 Conclusion Write effective sentences Key Points of Prestudying Review: The Motivation of Lexical Rhetoric in English Writing : Deviation Rheme Theme Implementation and Analysis The students are poor with diction. The Chinese way of thinking in English is obvious in students’ writing. The students need more exercises of rhetorical operation