Introduction of Respiratory System Wenli m.d. ph. d www.googlehuxi.cn 89 1869 Second Hospital, Zhejiang University Institute of respiratory diseases Zhejiang University
Wen Li, M.D, Ph.D Second Hospital, Zhejiang University Institute of Respiratory Diseases Zhejiang University www.googlehuxi.cn Introduction of Respiratory System
What is the respiratory system? Respiratory system is the system that helps you breath in and out, so oxygen(02)can be pumped through your body and carbon dioxide( co,) can be removed from the blood stream
What is the Respiratory System? Respiratory system is the system that helps you breath in and out, so oxygen (02 ) can be pumped through your body and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) can be removed from the blood stream
Respiratory overview picture Nasal av Throat Nose (pharynx) Mouth Windpipe rachea Bronchus Left lungs Bronchiole Ribs 0 Alveolus 0 Diaphragm MB
Respiratory Overview Picture Nasal Cavity Nose Mouth Bronchus Bronchiole Alveolus Diaphragm Throat (pharynx) Windpipe (Trachea) Left lungs Ribs MB
Epidemiology The respiratory diseases excluding lung cancer rank the fourth mortality of citizens, and the first in rural area in the statistics of year PHigh morbidity, chronic duration, slowly injury of lung function finally leads to threat to life OThe diagnosis and therapy of the diseases develops faster
Epidemiology The respiratory diseases excluding lung cancer rank the fourth mortality of citizens, and the first in rural area in the statistics of year. High morbidity, chronic duration, slowly injury of lung function finally leads to threat to life. The diagnosis and therapy of the diseases develops faster
Common symptoms COugh ◇ Sputum ◆ Hemoptysis Y Chest pain ◇ Dyspnea ◆ Chest tightness
Common symptoms Cough Sputum Hemoptysis Chest pain Dyspnea Chest Tightness
Cough O Dry cough---Cough varied asthma(CvA) o Chronic cough with exacerbation in winter chronic bronchitis o Acute exacerbation with fever---Acute pharyngitis (急性咽炎), bronchitis bronchiolitis(细支气管炎) e Cough with dyspnea----lung cancer with involvement of brochioles
Cough Dry cough----Cough varied asthma (CVA) Chronic cough with exacerbation in winter---- chronic bronchitis Acute exacerbation with fever---Acute pharyngitis（急性咽炎）, bronchitis, bronchiolitis（细支气管炎）. Cough with dyspnea----lung cancer with involvement of brochioles
Sputum ◆ Iron-rust( Rusty) sputum-叶性肺炎(肺链) StreptoPneumococcal infection ◆ Purulent sputum(脓性痰)-- lung abscess or bronchiectasis o brown jelly sputum-----Klebsiella pneumoniae infection Pink foamy sputum-----lung edema Smelly purulent sputum(臭浓痰) anaerobic infection(厌氧菌感染)
Sputum Iron-rust (Rusty) sputum -----大叶性肺炎（肺链） StreptoPneumococcal infection Purulent sputum（脓性痰）-----lung abscess or bronchiectasis brown jelly sputum-----Klebsiella pneumoniae infection Pink foamy sputum-----lung edema Smelly purulent sputum（臭浓痰）----- anaerobic infection（厌氧菌感染）
Hemoptysis I+ Blood in sputum--TB. bronchiectasis. lung cancer Dyspnea o Repeated paroxysmal dyspnea ----asthma Q Nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea -----Acute left heart failure Chronic progressive dypsnea-----AECOPD ◆ Dyspnea with chest pain-- Pneumothorax(气 H), pleural effusion, pneumonia Inspiratory wheezing -----upper airway obstruction Dy laryngeal edema, tumor, foreign body
Hemoptysis Blood in sputum---TB, bronchiectasis, lung cancer Dyspnea Repeated paroxysmal dyspnea -----asthma Nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea -----Acute left heart failure Chronic progressive dypsnea-----AECOPD Dyspnea with chest pain-----Pneumothorax（气 胸）, pleural effusion, pneumonia Inspiratory wheezing-----upper airway obstruction by laryngeal edema, tumor, foreign body
Chest pain o Indicate the involvement of pleura, exacerbation at cough or deep inspiration A Differentiate the chest pain induced by the non respiratory diseases such as angina episodes (c3 痛发作), oesophageal and abdominal di diseases costochondritis(肋软骨炎)
Chest pain Indicate the involvement of pleura, exacerbation at cough or deep inspiration Differentiate the chest pain induced by the non respiratory diseases such as angina episodes（心绞 痛发作）, oesophageal and abdominal diseases. costochondritis（肋软骨炎）
Physical examination The signs of lung are not paralleled to the degree of diseases. No positive findings dont mean no lesions, but the positive signs mean the lesions in lung The signs of bronchi and bronchioles are dry or moist rales The massy inflammation shows the sign of consolidation Pleural effusion, pneumothorax or atelectasis (肺不张) has their specific signs
Physical examination The signs of lung are not paralleled to the degree of diseases. No positive findings don’t mean no lesions, but the positive signs mean the lesions in lung. The signs of bronchi and bronchioles are dry or moist rales. The massy inflammation shows the sign of consolidation. Pleural effusion, pneumothorax or atelectasis （肺不张） has their specific signs