English Pronunciation for comnication A Practical Course for Students of English By Wang Guizhen Faculty of English Language Culture Guangdong University of Foreign Studies
English Pronunciation for Communication A Practical Course for Students of English By Wang Guizhen Faculty of English Language & Culture Guangdong University of Foreign Studies
Consonants of the English Language Chinese efl learner's difficulties in the Learning process
Consonants of the English Language & Chinese EFL Learner’s Difficulties in the Learning Process
Why use phonemic symbols The alphabet which we use to write English has 26 letters but (British) English has 44 sounds. Inevitably, English spelling is not a reliable guide to pronunciation because Some letters have more than one sound Sometimes letters are not pronounced at all The same sound may be represented by different letters Sometimes syllables indicated by the spelling are not pronounced at all Questions: How do you pronounce gh in 'enough, through 'and ghost?(like f in fun, not pronounced like g in got How many syllables are there in ' chocolate"?
Why use phonemic symbols? The alphabet which we use to write English has 26 letters but (British) English has 44 sounds. Inevitably, English spelling is not a reliable guide to pronunciation because •Some letters have more than one sound •Sometimes letters are not pronounced at all •The same sound may be represented by different letters •Sometimes syllables indicated by the spelling are not pronounced at all Questions: •How do you pronounce gh in 'enough', 'through' and 'ghost'? (like f in fun, not pronounced, like g in got) •How many syllables are there in 'chocolate'?
Phonemes Linguists classify the speech sounds used in a language into a number of abstract categories called phonemes. English, for example, has 44 phonemes, although the number varies according to the dialect of the speaker and the system of the classification. Phonemes are abstract categories which allow us to group together subsets of speech sounds. Even though no two speech sounds, or phones, are identical, all of the phones classified into one phoneme category are similar enough so that they convey the same meaning
Phonemes ◼ Linguists classify the speech sounds used in a language into a number of abstract categories called phonemes. English, for example, has 44 phonemes, although the number varies according to the dialect of the speaker and the system of the classification. Phonemes are abstract categories which allow us to group together subsets of speech sounds. Even though no two speech sounds, or phones, are identical, all of the phones classified into one phoneme category are similar enough so that they convey the same meaning
Description of the English consonants English consonants can be classified according to 1. the points of articulation 2 the manners of articulation 3 the state of the vocal cords
Description of the English consonants English consonants can be classified according to 1. the points of articulation 2. the manners of articulation 3. the state of the vocal cords
Points of articulation ■1. bilabial( two lips) 2. labio-dental (top teeth/bottom lip) 3. dental (tongue tip/top teeth) 4. alveolar (tongue tip/tooth ridge) 5. post alveolar (tongue tip or mid/ hard palate) 6. palatal (tongue mid /hard palate) 7. velar (tongue back soft palate) 8. glottal
Points of articulation ◼ 1. bilabial (two lips) ◼ 2. labio-dental (top teeth/bottom lip) ◼ 3. dental (tongue tip/top teeth) ◼ 4. alveolar (tongue tip/tooth ridge) ◼ 5. post alveolar (tongue tip or mid/hard palate) ◼ 6. palatal (tongue mid/hard palate) ◼ 7. velar (tongue back/ soft palate) ◼ 8. glottal
Manners of articulation 1. Stops(or plosives) 2 Fricatives a3. Affricates 4 Nasals 5. Lateral 6. Approximants
Manners of articulation ◼ 1. Stops (or plosives) ◼ 2. Fricatives ◼ 3. Affricates ◼ 4. Nasals ◼ 5. Lateral ◼ 6. Approximants
THE INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET (revised to 1993) CONSONANTS (PULMONIC Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Palatal velar Uvular PharyngealGlotal Plosive p b t d t d c于kg|qG Nasal n n J r Trill B r R ap or Flap R中βfve6sz∫3|sz| sjxylx k hfh Lateral fricative Approximant Lateral approximant L Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible
国际音标辅音表 相妲「恤钿 4恤驚:豐恤 塞音p t d 鼻 m m nn n GNR 颤音 闪音 擦音φ阝fv|日δSz∫ 3s2sixyxyhs hh 边擦音 无擦通音 U ↓j叫 边通音
Place of Articulation Bilabial Labio Inter Alveolar Alveo. Palatal Velar Glottal dentaldental alata St k9? Fricative S Z Affricate Nasal m Lateral E APproximant Retroflex Approximant Glide M W State of the glottis Voiceless Voiced