考研英语模拟试题[24] art I Structure and Vocabulary Section a Directions th each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, c and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (5 points) Slowly, without trying to defend himself, the buffalo sank to his knees and, with one lion his throat and another his muzzle, died of suffocation(%.E) A)hold B)held C)holding D)being held When preparing elementary school test, care should be taken A)not to make the vocabulary more difficult than necessary B)not to make the vocabulary that difficult C)so as to not make the vocabulary part too hard D)in not making the vocabulary a problem in terms of it difficulty I was in the army for 3 years. t two years the -In your country? A)lengthy service usually B)service of lengths services C)usuall length of service D)usual service length When you first visit New York City? “ I think it in1976 A)will have been B)has to b C)must have been D As a resulf of new technique he yields as a whole increased by 25%. A)working out B)having been worked out D)to have been worked out this liquid will dissolve almost anything A)Enough time given B)Giving enough time C)Given enough time D)To give enough ti More middle aged persons suffer from heart trouble than realized A)generall B)mos D Work in parapsychology(灵学), has attracted a relatively small number of scientists A)is a very controversial field B)which a very controversial field is C)a very controversial field D)a field very controversial which It is ridiculous that he unable to read and write after two years of learning. A)is
考研英语模拟试题[24] Part I Structure and Vocabulary Section A Directions： Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(5 points) Slowly,without trying to defend himself,the buffalo sank to his knees and ,with one lion _____ his throat and another his muzzle,died of suffocation(窒息). A)hold B)held C)holding D)being held When preparing elementary school test,care should be taken _____ . A)not to make the vocabulary more difficult than necessary B)not to make the vocabulary that difficult C)so as to not make the vocabulary part too hard D)in not making the vocabulary a problem in terms of it difficulty "I was in the army for 3 years.” “But isn′t two years the _____ in your country?” A)lengthy service usually B)service of lengths services C)usuall length of service D)usual service length “When did you first visit New York City?” “I think it _____ in 1976.” A)will have been B)has to be C)must have been D)must be As a resulf of new technique _____ ,the yields as a whole increased by 25%. A)working out B)having been worked out C)having worked out D)to have been worked out _____ ，this liquid will dissolve almost anything. A)Enough time given B)Giving enough time C)Given enough time D)To give enough time More middle aged persons suffer from heart trouble than _____ realized. A)generally B)most people C)what people D)is generally Work in parapsychology(灵学)， _____ ，has attracted a relatively small number of scientists. A)is a very controversial field B)which a very controversial field is C)a very controversial field D)a field very controversial which It is ridiculous that he _____ unable to read and write after two years of learning. A)is
B C)might be D)would be John will not be able to go to the movies tonight because A)he should teach B)he will have been teaching C)he will be teaching D)he will have teaching Section b Directions: Each of the following sentecnes has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D)identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the aNSWEr ShEet by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (5 points While the people inside the Roman Empire were en joying (a)a high degree of civilization, the uncivilized" people who lived in the forests beyond( B) the northern and eastern boundaries loved (C) to fight and seize land that (D)it seemed possible. Our guide recommended (A) that we all are(B)as attentive as possible(c)when we visit (d)the observatory this afternoon. After searching (A) the house for evi dence the police concluded (B)that someone must have come in through (C)the kitchen window and stole(D) the silver while the family was asleep The writer finds the number and variety(A) of screen credits(片头或片尾摄制人员名单) interminable(B) and wonders that(C) jobs such as“ gaffer”(照明电工)and“ best boy” involve nts and termites are one(A)another's( B)greatest enemy,(C)ants always are(D)the aggressors Worrying, fretting, and unable to stop (a) talking Harry paced (B)up and down(C) the corridor (D) Maria has long (A) had the desire to become a famous writer even though (B) the study of it (C) would require years of sacrifice on her (D)part Almost every American college campus has what (A)can be called an international club, the main purpose of which (B)is for promoting(C)friendships (D)among all students of the world Not until the tenth serious accident(A)occurred at (B)the busy intersection, the Highway Department agreed(C) to install(D) the four way stop sign. Neither Russia nor (A) the United States have been(B)able to convince the other (C) that its ocial system is the better (D)of the two Section c Directions Beneath each of the following sentences, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D)Choose the of that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER ShEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points) Allen placed too much on sports and not enough on his studie A)agitatio B)emphasis C)hesitation D)interest The police officer issued a for the mans arrest
B)be C)might be D)would be John will not be able to go to the movies tonight because _____ a class. A)he should teach B)he will have been teaching C)he will be teaching D)he will have teaching Section B Directions: Each of the following sentecnes has four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D)identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(5 points) While the people inside the Roman Empire were enjoying (A) a high degree of civilization,the “uncivilized” people who lived in the forests beyond (B) the northern and eastern boundaries loved (C) to fight and seize land that (D) it seemed possible. Our guide recommended (A) that we all are (B) as attentive as possible (C) when we visit (D) the observatory this afternoon. After searching (A) the house for evidence the police concluded (B) that someone must have come in through (C) the kitchen window and stole (D) the silver while the family was asleep. The writer finds the number and variety (A) of screen credits(片头或片尾摄制人员名单) interminable (B) and wonders that (C) jobs such as “gaffer”(照明电工)and “best boy” involve. (D) Ants and termites are one (A) another′s (B) greatest enemy, (C) ants always are (D) the aggressors. Worrying,fretting,and unable to stop (A) talking Harry paced (B) up and down (C) the corridor (D) . Maria has long (A) had the desire to become a famous writer even though (B) the study of it (C) would require years of sacrifice on her (D) part. Almost every American college campus has what (A) can be called an international club,the main purpose of which (B) is for promoting (C) friendships (D) among all students of the world. Not until the tenth serious accident (A) occurred at (B) the busy intersection, the Highway Department agreed (C) to install (D) the four way stop sign. Neither Russia nor (A) the United States have been (B) able to convince the other (C) that its social system is the better (D) of the two. Section C Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 points) Allen placed too much _____ on sports and not enough on his studies. A)agitation B)emphasis C)hesitation D)interest The police officer issued a _____ for the man′s arrest
A)legend B)parcel C)receipt olid geometry has enabled astronomers to calculate the positions of the heavenly bodies one another A)on top of B)next to C)in spite of D)relative to Certain pine trees are deliberately dwarfed for pur poses. A)constructive B)dimensions C)ornamental D)decorated It is that the earth could be destroyed in a collision with another planet or huge meteor. A)highly unlike B)unlikely high C)unlikely highly D)highly unlikely The hotel gave the whole family the for the night. A)insurrection B)indignation C)accommodation D)affection We couldn t buy any thing here because trade in the town is A)depressed D)drizzled If the government a law, it ceases to be a law A)avoid B)app C)repeals D)concedes Robert did not hear the bell because he was completely in his reading. A)disguised B)suspende C)confirmed D)absorbed The plan agreed on by both parties fell because of the accident A B) C)for D)through The main features of the telegraph were deve loped by two inventors, but it was Samue l Morse who successfully their ideas A)financed B)publicized C)synthesized
A)legend B)parcel C)receipt D)warrant Solid geometry has enabled astronomers to calculate the positions of the heavenly bodies _____ one another. A)on top of B)next to C)in spite of D)relative to Certain pine trees are deliberately dwarfed for _____ purposes. A)constructive B)dimensions C)ornamental D)decorated It is _____ that the earth could be destroyed in a collision with another planet or huge meteor. A)highly unlike B)unlikely high C)unlikely highly D)highly unlikely The hotel gave the whole family the _____ for the night. A)insurrection B)indignation C)accommodation D)affection We couldn′t buy anything here because trade in the town is _____ . A)depressed B)deprived C)volleyed D)drizzled If the government _____ a law,it ceases to be a law. A)avoids B)appeals C)repeals D)concedes Robert did not hear the bell because he was completely _____ in his reading. A)disguised B)suspended C)confirmed D)absorbed The plan agreed on by both parties fell _____ because of the accident. A)out B)off C)for D)through The main features of the telegraph were developed by two inventors,but it was Samuel Morse who successfully _____ their ideas. A)financed B)publicized C)synthesized
D)disproved Most tachometers measure the speed of rotation of a shaft or wheel in terms of revolutions per minute. A B)wavering C)floating D)spinning A)proposal B)compliment C)gratitude D)satisfaction Mercury's is so much greater than the earths that it completes more than four revolutions around the Sun in the time it takes Earth to complele one. A)velocit B)orbit C)weight D)diameter The flowers in the vase because they had no water B)sweated C)decreased D) ripen Al though salmon may travel hundreds of miles from where they were spawned, they will return there to lay eggs A)probably B)reluctantly C)apparentl D)ultimatel Because of a in his vision, Joe had to wear glasses A)defect B)glint D)flicker He was asked to before the judge. A)execute B)testify C)inherit At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the to nursery easy. A)transition B)impi turn D)transformation The millionaire offered the actress a precious gift but to his surprise she turned it B)back C)dow
D)disproved Most tachometers measure the speed of rotation of a _____ shaft or wheel in terms of revolutions per minute. A)pumping B)wavering C)floating D)spinning He paid her a _____ by saying her cake was the best he had ever eaten. A)proposal B)compliment C)gratitude D)satisfaction Mercury′s _____ is so much greater than the Earth′s that it completes more than four revolutions around the Sun in the time it takes Earth to complele one. A)velocity B)orbit C)weight D)diameter The flowers in the vase _____ because they had no water. A)withered B)sweated C)decreased D)ripened Although salmon may travel hundreds of miles from where they were spawned,they will _____ return there to lay eggs. A)probably B)reluctantly C)apparently D)ultimately Because of a _____ in his vision,Joe had to wear glasses. A)defect B)glint C)scowl D)fliecker He was asked to _____ before the judge. A)execute B)testify C)inherit D)prejudice At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the _____ to nursery easy. A)transition B)improvement C)turn D)transformation The millionaire offered the actress a precious gift but to his surprise she turned it _____ . A)over B)back C)down D)out
art i Cloze Test Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D)Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 pointy) Cigarettes, chewing tobacco and alcohol are ma jor risk factors for head and neck cancers. Now new research suggests that people 4l replacing cigarettes with the beta carotene rich carrot. Beta carotene rich carrot Beta carotene, 42 is converted by the body to vitamin A, may reverse a precancerous condition known as leukoplakia(粘膜白斑), which appears43 whitish(带白色的) patches in the mouth and throat. Previous studies have shown that vitamin A can 44 leukoplakia but can also be toxic(#B)at the required levels. In a 1989 pilot study, Dr Harinder Garewal of the University of Arizona Cancer Centre in Tucson reports that 25 patients 45 leukoplakia took 30 milligrams of beta carotene a day--which is 46 equal to eating four to six carrots. the whitish patches decreased or disappeared in more than 70 percent of the sub jects as long as they continued 47 the beta carotene. None of the toxic 48 effects associated with vitamin A supplements occurred Garewal says a larger trial may show that an inexpensive beta carotene 49 could serve an important ublic health role. Head and neck cancers are a serious problem worldwide, especially 50 good nutrition and proper oral care are lacking A)considered B)consider C)would consider D)must consider A)that B)then D)which B)unlike C)as everse C)reveal D)revert Aat D)of B)rather C)toughly D)probably A B)being taken C)taking D)to be tak B)by
Part II Cloze Test Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 pointy) Cigarettes,chewing tobacco and alcohol are major risk factors for head and neck cancers.Now new research suggests that people 41 replacing cigarettes with the beta carotene rich carrot.Beta carotene rich carrot Beta carotene, 42 is converted by the body to vitamin A,may reverse a precancerous condition known as leukoplakia(粘膜白斑)，which appears 43 whitish(带白色的) patches in the mouth and throat. Previous studies have shown that vitamin A can 44 leukoplakia but can also be toxic(有毒的) at the required levels.In a 1989 pilot study,Dr.Harinder Garewal of the University of Arizona Cancer Centre in Tucson reports that 25 patients 45 leukoplakia took 30 milligrams of beta carotene a day——which is 46 equal to eating four to six carrots.the whitish patches decreased or disappeared in more than 70 percent of the subjects as long as they continued 47 the beta carotene.None of the toxic 48 effects associated with vitamin A supplements occurred. Garewal says a larger trial may show that an inexpensive beta carotene 49 could serve an important public health role.Head and neck cancers are a serious problem worldwide,especially 50 good nutrition and proper oral care are lacking. A)considered B)consider C)would consider D)must consider A)that B)then C)as D)which A)like B)unlike C)as D)resemble A)reverse B)revolve C)reveal D)revert A)at B)with C)in D)of A)roughly B)rather C)toughly D)probably A)to take B)being taken C)taking D)to be taking A)vice B)by C)edge D)side
B)element C)compliment D)comple B)where C)what Part Ill Reading Comprehension Directions Each of the passages below is followed by some questions For each question there are four answer marked A, B, C and D)Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions, Then mark your answer on the ANSWEr Sheet by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets(40 points) Passage I The key position and role of women in the process of deve lopment is increasingly being recognized. Although the three great World Conferences of women were more concerned with recognizing and compiling approaches to emancipation we can currently confirm a general sharpening of awareness. It has become clear that the Third World cultures, in earlier times strongly matriarchal(母权制的), have been weakened in this respect by the methods of colonial education which are almost exclusively directed towards the male Of the many criticisms of this situation let one voice be heard: "Deve lopment education groups and programmes are very much male dominated and lack woman’ s perspective”.So,too, the hopes placed in vocational(职业的) training ocationalization"--as an aid to equality have been disappointed since this in its turn was to large extent focussed on the male. In these circums tances we should not be surprised that until now women have participated least in the educational processes which have been introduced. Only 20% at tend primary school and the percentage of those who leave early is highest among girls. Because of the lack of basic training only around 10% take part in Adult Education programmes. Hence it is vitally important to secure a turning point by increasing the awareness of the need for education. The International Conference at Jomtien in 1990 provided the solution to this: "A more educated mother raises a healthier family. she has fewer and better educated children. she is more productive at home and in the workplace and is better able to get further education". Many problems in school are consequences of incorrect or improperly balanced nutrition combined with inadequate hygiene(psE). Together these factors can lead to failure to keep pace in school Hence even Primary Education for girls should be directed towards the basic needs and necessities and provide answers which are as simple as possible. In rural districts such answers will be different from those given in urban areas. The education of girls and women must to a large degree be an education for the life they will lead, tailored to a womans position In saying this we are in fact demanding that the education of women, like all educational work in the third World, should be an integrated part of the community. Consequently there are many partners in this process school, family, small businesses, governmental and non governmental organizations. The educational skill consists in keeping this interplay active in such a way that there is no deficiency in material content. An important consequence of this is the awakening of the desire to question, which, on the one hand presses for further education and on the other for its practical From the passage it can be inferred that in the Third World A)the matriarchal culture was stronger in the past B)the methods of colonial education have made the matriarchal cul ture stronger than earlier times C)the matriarchal education is directed towards men D)the development education groups and programs lack male domination It is very important to be more aware of the need for education of women because A)women have at least participated in the educational processe
A)supplement B)element C)compliment D)complement A)when B)where C)what D)which Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers marked A,B,C and D)Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions,Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(40 points) Passage 1 The key position and role of women in the process of development is increasingly being recognized.Although the three great World Conferences of women were more concerned with recognizing and compiling approaches to emancipation we can currently confirm a general sharpening of awareness.It has become clear that the Third World cultures,in earlier times strongly matriarchal(母权制的)， have been weakened in this respect by the methods of colonial education which are almost exclusively directed towards the male.Of the many criticisms of this situation let one voice be heard:“Development education groups and programmes are very much male dominated and lack woman′s perspective”.So,too,the hopes placed in vocational(职业的) training—— “vocationalization”——as an aid to equality have been disappointed since this in its turn was to large extent focussed on the male. In these circumstances we should not be surprised that until now women have participated least in the educational processes which have been introduced.Only 20% attend primary school and the percentage of those who leave early is highest among girls.Because of the lack of basic training only around 10% take part in Adult Education programmes.Hence it is vitally important to secure a turning point by increasing the awareness of the need for education. The International Conference at Jomtien in 1990 provided the solution to this:“A more educated mother raises a healthier family.She has fewer and better educated children.She is more productive at home and in the workplace and is better able to get further education”.Many problems in school are consequences of incorrect or improperly balanced nutrition combined with inadequate hygiene(卫生).Together these factors can lead to failure to keep pace in school. Hence even Primary Education for girls should be directed towards the basic needs and necessities and provide answers which are as simple as possible.In rural districts such answers will be different from those given in urban areas.The education of girls and women must to a large degree be an education for the life they will lead,tailored to a woman′s position.In saying this we are in fact demanding that the education of women,like all educational work in the Third World,should be an integrated part of the community.Consequently there are many partners in this process school,family,small businesses,governmental and non governmental organizations.The educational skill consists in keeping this interplay active in such a way that there is no deficiency in material content.An important consequence of this is the awakening of the desire to question,which,on the one hand presses for further education and on the other for its practical application. From the passage it can be inferred that in the Third World _____ . A)the matriarchal culture was stronger in the past B)the methods of colonial education have made the matriarchal culture stronger than earlier times C)the matriarchal education is directed towards men D)the development education groups and programs lack male domination It is very important to be more aware of the need for education of women because _____ . A)women have at least participated in the educational processes
B)only 1/5 of girls can enter elementary school and most of them have to quit early C)only about 1/10 of women participate in continuing education D)so far very few girls and women take part in the educational processes The author's demand is that A)the education of women should be a process of community activity B)the education of women should be a part of community in which many partners are combined C)the education of women should be organizations run by government D)women should like all educational work in the Third World The best title of this passage is A)The Position and Role of Women in the Development of Education B)The Education of Girls and Women C)The Education of Women in the Third World D)Womens Education Groups and Program Most speakers are surprised to learn that people who speak only one language form a minority of the worlds population and that most people function in two or more languages. While few people are truly“ balanced" bilinguals(能使用两种语言的人) or polyglots who feel equally comfortable with all languages, the fact is that most of the word s population functions in more than one language. Given this, it s somewhat surprising that so much attention is paid in the English speaking world to the matter of learning an additional language. If so many people seem to do it so easily, then just what is the problem? The simplest answer is that there really isn t one Given ample opportunity and time, most people can learn as many languages as they want or need to. But as teachers charged with the responsibility of adding English to the linguistic inventory() of non English speaking children, we must be concerned with precisely these matters--providing ample and effective opportunity and using time as effectively as possible. This chapter will look briefly at how children become bilingual. First, we ll examine the conditions that lead to bilingualism in preschoolers, then we ll turn our attention to languange learning in the classroom. In focusing on the differences between language acquisition at home and at school, we ll see that there s the potential for conflict between childrens informal language learning in the home and the more formal experience of the school As teachers, we might well ask why it' s necessary to study second language learning in preschoolers Then school aged children are our ma jor concern. Obviously, we re primarily interested in how us to know something about the experience of younger children. The reason is simple--the bete or school aged children learn Engilish as an additional language. But it' s equally important we understand childrens previous successful experiences of learning, the better we can plan an effective language learning environment for children in school bilingualism and finally, the potential for conflict between the home and school experience. Which of the following statements is not true? A)A few people in the world speak only one language. B)Most people speak two or more languages. C)A minority of people can function in only one language. D)A majority of people can function in only one language The word"ample" in paragraph 2 means everything except A)substantial or suffcient B)insufficient or meagre C)abundant or plentiful D)more than is necessary The main idea of the chapter that this passage introduces is A)people who speak one language are the minority of the world's population B)most people can learn as many languages as they want or need to C)how children become two language learners at home and at school
B)only 1/5 of girls can enter elementary school and most of them have to quit early C)only about 1/10 of women participate in continuing education D)so far very few girls and women take part in the educational processes The author′s demand is that _____ . A)the education of women should be a process of community activity B)the education of women should be a part of community in which many partners are combined C)the education of women should be organizations run by government D)women should like all educational work in the Third World The best title of this passage is _____ . A)The Position and Role of Women in the Development of Education B)The Education of Girls and Women C)The Education of Women in the Third World D)Women′s Education Groups and Programs Passage 2 Most speakers are surprised to learn that people who speak only one language form a minority of the world′s population and that most people function in two or more languages.While few people are truly“balanced”bilinguals(能使用两种语言的人)or polyglots who feel equally comfortable with all languages,the fact is that most of the word′s population functions in more than one language.Given this,it′s somewhat surprising that so much attention is paid in the English speaking world to the matter of learning an additional language.If so many people seem to do it so easily,then just what is the problem? The simplest answer is that there really isn′t one.Given ample opportunity and time,most people can learn as many languages as they want or need to. But as teachers charged with the responsibility of adding English to the linguistic inventory(目录) of non English speaking children,we must be concerned with precisely these matters——providing ample and effective opportunity and using time as effectively as possible. This chapter will look briefly at how children become bilingual.First,we′ll examine the conditions that lead to bilingualism in preschoolers,then we′ll turn our attention to languange learning in the classroom.In focusing on the differences between language acquisition at home and at school,we′ll see that there′s the potential for conflict between children′s informal language learning in the home and the more formal experience of the school. As teachers,we might well ask why it′s necessary to study second language learning in preschoolers when school aged children are our major concern.Obviously,we′re primarily interested in how school aged children learn Engilish as an additional language.But it′s equally important for us to know something about the experience of younger children.The reason is simple——the better we understand children′s previous successful experiences of learning,the better we can plan an effective language learning environment for children in school bilingualism and finally,the potential for conflict between the home and school experience. Which of the following statements is not true? A)A few people in the world speak only one languagne. B)Most people speak two or more languages. C)A minority of people can function in only one language. D)A majority of people can function in only one language. The word“ample”in paragraph 2 means everything except _____ . A)substantial or suffcient B)insufficient or meagre C)abundant or plentiful D)more than is necessary The main idea of the chapter that this passage introduces is _____ . A)people who speak one language are the minority of the world′s population B)most people can learn as many languages as they want or need to C)how children become two language learners at home and at school
D)our chief concern is school aged children in terms of second language learning The order of the following parts of this chapter will be A)home bilingualism, school bilingualism and the potential for conflict between the home and chool experience B)learning in the classroom, bilingualism in preschoolers and the differences between language acquisition at home and at school C)the problem about learning an additional language, teachers' responsibility of adding English to linguistic inventory and the necessity to study second language learning D)the surprise about the function of languages, the population related to language learning and the brief examination of the conditions leading to bilingualism Passage 3 Now lets look ourselves as a species in relation to ecosystem balance. Modern scientists believe that humankind, like other animals, evolved through millions of years of changes and adaptations to the environment and that our most direct evolutionary ancestor was probably an earlier species of the primate(monkey, ape)group. Despite this similarity with other creatures, however, the evolution of humankind differs from that of other species in one important and unique way. In other species evolution has led to specialization, both in the species abilities and in its place within the environmental structure. For example, the giraffe(k3i E)is marvelously adapted to, grazing on treetops but, as such, it is also specialized and thus restricted to grazing on tree and shrubs. Only with great difficulty can it bend down to graze on the ground. Similarly, the anteater is extremely well adapted to eating ants but is incapable of catching or eating other prey. The same is true for countless other species. or humankind the reverse is true. Our evolution had led to a very generalized capability. Our highly developed intelligence and ability to make and handle tools mean that we can do virtually anything Rather than evolving into a specialized role in balance with natural enemies, competitive species and environmental factors, humans evolved in such a way that we are capable of moving into every environment on Earth and even into space. No natural predator or competitor offers significant resistance, and other natural enemies such as disease have been substantially controlled Said another way, we see in humankind a tremendous imbalance between biotic(生命的:生物 a,)potential and environmental resistance. The result is the rapidly increasing world population, frequently referred to as the population explosion. Further, to support our growing population, natural ecosystems are being increasingly displaced by human habitations, agriculture, and other human supporting activities. From the passage we can infer that A)the evolution of humankind is very important to earlier species B)during the process of the evolution humankind changed a lot and got used to the environment gradually C)human beings are similar to other creatures in a unique way D)the evolution of humankind differs from that of other species because it was through millions of years of change Which of the following statements is true? A)Different species cannot adapt to the same environment because they have different abilities. B)Different species are specialized because they are in different places in the environmental structure ")Specialization of different species in abilities and places in the environmental structure result from evolution D)The giraffe is specialized in grazing on treetops because it is restricted to eating ants Humans can practically do anything because A)they have evolved into a specialized role in balance with natural enemies B)they are able to move into every environment on Earth and even in Space C)they are so evolved that they can control other natural enemies as well as disease D)their intelligence and ability to produce and use tools are developed greatly
D)our chief concern is school aged children in terms of second language learning The order of the following parts of this chapter will be _____ . A) home bilingualism,school bilingualism and the potential for conflict between the home and school experience B)learning in the classroom,bilingualism in preschoolers and the differences between language acquisition at home and at school C)the problem about learning an additional language,teachers′ responsibility of adding English to linguistic inventory and the necessity to study second language learning D)the surprise about the function of languages,the population related to language learning and the brief examination of the conditions leading to bilingualism Passage 3 Now let′s look ourselves as a species in relation to ecosystem balance. Modern scientists believe that humankind,like other animals,evolved through millions of years of changes and adaptations to the environment and that our most direct evolutionary ancestor was probably an earlier species of the primate (monkey,ape) group.Despite this similarity with other creatures,however,the evolution of humankind differs from that of other species in one important and unique way. In other species evolution has led to specialization,both in the species abilities and in its place within the environmental structure.For example,the giraffe(长颈鹿)is marvelously adapted to,grazing on treetops but,as such,it is also specialized and thus restricted to grazing on trees and shrubs.Only with great difficulty can it bend down to graze on the ground.Similarly,the anteater is extremely well adapted to eating ants but is incapable of catching or eating other prey.The same is true for countless other species. For humankind the reverse is true.Our evolution had led to a very generalized capability.Our highly developed intelligence and ability to make and handle tools mean that we can do virtually anything.Rather than evolving into a specialized role in balance with natural enemies,competitive species and environmental factors,humans evolved in such a way that we are capable of moving into every environment on Earth and even into space.No natural predator or competitor offers significant resistance,and other natural enemies such as disease have been substantially controlled. Said another way,we see in humankind a tremendous imbalance between biotic(生命的；生物 的)potential and environmental resistance.The result is the rapidly increasing world population,frequently referred to as the population explosion.Further,to support our growing population,natural ecosystems are being increasingly displaced by human habitations,agriculture,and other human supporting activities. From the passage we can infer that A)the evolution of humankind is very important to earlier species B)during the process of the evolution humankind changed a lot and got used to the environment gradually C)human beings are similar to other creatures in a unique way D)the evolution of humankind differs from that of other species because it was through millions of years of change Which of the following statements is true? A)Different species cannot adapt to the same environment because they have different abilities. B)Different species are specialized because they are in different places in the environmental structure. C)Specialization of different species in abilities and places in the environmental structure result from evolution. D)The giraffe is specialized in grazing on treetops because it is restricted to eating ants. Humans can practically do anything because _____ . A)they have evolved into a specialized role in balance with natural enemies B)they are able to move into every environment on Earth and even in Space C)they are so evolved that they can control other natural enemies as well as disease D)their intelligence and ability to produce and use tools are developed greatly
The main idea of the last paragraph A)the population explosion is the result of amazing imbalance between biotic potenital and environmental resistance B)the rapid increase of the population is known as the population explosion C)humans have to destroy natural ecosystem in order to support themselves D)human habitations and agriculture are activities to support the rapidly growing population Passage 4 The technological revolution that will prevail for the reminder of this century will create jobs and professions that as little as five years ago were nonexistent. These newly developed markets will demand of workers an understanding of sophisticated technical communications systems as well as an increased technical expertise. by the year 2001 basic skills that once were vital to business will be rendered obsoleteGi'tBfEJ) The spot welder on the automobile production line, the clerk typist in an office, the field worker on a farm will go the way of the steamboat pilot and the blacksmith The most significant trend in years to come will be the shift from formation type jobs(factory work, office typing, and general clerical work)to information type jobs(programming, word processing, and supervising technical machinery). The American economy will witness the demise (ib Brof the blue collar worker as automation and robotics become more prevalent, heralding (e Hi)the rise of the steel collar worker. Such traditional blue collar employers as General Motors and U. S Steel have already begun to automate their factories -a fact reflected in the swollen unemployment rolls in our industrial states By contrast, office and service jobs will be abundant, but only for those prepared to improve their technical skills. Again it will be automation that will displace many of the low skilled and semiskilled workers in the present economy. In fact, the era of the paperless office has already begun. It has been promoted by two principa developments: computers that process business information and the explosive growth of telecommunications systems and products. This office revolution not only has changed how work i done and information is handled but has redefined the function of everyone who works in an ffice, from the corporate executive down to the lowliest clerk For the job hunter of 2020, scanning classified ads will be a quick education in how drastically the workplace will have changed. He or she is likely to see opening for such positions as biological historians, biofarming experts, computer art curators, fiberoptics technicians, robot retrainers, space traffic controllers, and teleconferencing coordinators, to cite but a few There will always be farms, but by the next century farmworkers as we know them will be scarcer. The business of farming will become ever more complex With computerized operations and robot harvesters, there will be no need for unskilled labor. The farm will be a place for people with training as electronic technicians, bioengineers, and computer programmers. Indeed, the human farmworker someday may be simply the person with the phone number of the nearest robot repairman. ccording to the passage, " information type jobs"refer to jobs A)which result in the actual information of a material product B)which provide information for people who type with a typewriter C)which focus on the electronic processing of information D)which are taken by blue collar workers automatically Which of the following is not true? A)There is a tendency that people shift from formation type jobs to information type jobs B)There will be enough office and service jobs C)Office work has begun to become paperless D)Farmwork will be done by computers instead of unskilled laborers. The two ma jor developments have promoted the office revolution. They are A)paperless work and technical skills B)computers and telecommunications systems and products C)automatic factories and industrial states D)automation and the reduction of low skilled and semiskilled workers
The main idea of the last paragraph is _____ . A)the population explosion is the result of amazing imbalance between biotic potenital and environmental resistance. B)the rapid increase of the population is known as the population explosion C)humans have to destroy natural ecosystem in order to support themselves D)human habitations and agriculture are activities to support the rapidly growing population Passage 4 The technological revolution that will prevail for the reminder of this century will create jobs and professions that as little as five years ago were nonexistent.These newly developed markets will demand of workers an understanding of sophisticated technical communications systems as well as an increased technical expertise.By the year 2001 basic skills that once were vital to business will be rendered obsolete(过时的).The spot welder on the automobile production line,the clerk typist in an office, the field worker on a farm will go the way of the steamboat pilot and the blacksmith. The most significant trend in years to come will be the shift from formation type jobs (factory work,office typing,and general clerical work)to information type jobs (programming,word processing,and supervising technical machinery).The American economy will witness the demise (让 位)of the blue collar worker as automation and robotics become more prevalent,heralding(宣 告) the rise of the steel collar worker.Such traditional blue collar employers as General Motors and U.S.Steel have already begun to automate their factories——a fact reflected in the swollen unemployment rolls in our industrial states. By contrast,office and service jobs will be abundant,but only for those prepared to improve their technical skills.Again it will be automation that will displace many of the low skilled and semiskilled workers in the present economy. In fact,the era of the paperless office has already begun.It has been promoted by two principal developments:computers that process business information and the explosive growth of telecommunications systems and products.This office revolution not only has changed how work is done and information is handled but has redefined the function of everyone who works in an office,from the corporate executive down to the lowliest clerk … For the job hunter of 2020,scanning classified ads will be a quick education in how drastically the workplace will have changed.He or she is likely to see opening for such positions as biological historians,biofarming experts,computer art curators,fiberoptics technicians,robot retrainers,space traffic controllers,and teleconferencing coordinators,to cite but a few. There will always be farms,but by the next century farmworkers as we know them will be scarcer.The business of farming will become ever more complex.With computerized operations and robot harvesters,there will be no need for unskilled labor.The farm will be a place for people with training as electronic technicians,bioengineers,and computer programmers.Indeed,the human farmworker someday may be simply the person with the phone number of the nearest robot repairman. According to the passage,“information type jobs”refer to jobs _____ . A)which result in the actual information of a material product B)which provide information for people who type with a typewriter C)which focus on the electronic processing of information D)which are taken by blue collar workers automatically Which of the following is not true? A)There is a tendency that people shift from formation type jobs to information type jobs. B)There will be enough office and service jobs. C)Office work has begun to become paperless. D)Farmwork will be done by computers instead of unskilled laborers. The two major developments have promoted the office revolution.They are _____ . A)paperless work and technical skills B)computers and telecommunications systems and products C)automatic factories and industrial states D)automation and the reduction of low skilled and semiskilled workers
The main idea for this passage is A)Our future world will be very different from today' s world. B)Farmwork will be largely automated and computerized in the future C)There will be more office jobs and fewer factory jobs in the furure D)New technology will create many new jobs and professions and will make many old ones outdate Passage 5 We' ve been hearing about the greenhouse effect for years. Now, two U. S reports predict that it may happen sooner than we counted on. Released separately by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)and the National Research Council(NRC), the reports warn that the first effects may felt as early as the 1990s. a greenhouse can produce a tropical climate in sub zero weather by trapping the suns rays under glass. Scientists say we re creating the same effect on a global scale by burning fossil fuels(coal, oil, gas). Carbon dioxide is a by product of the burning. The gas allows sunlight to penetrate the atmosphere but slows the escape of heat back into space. This one way trip for the sun's rays tends to make our planet a big greenhouse. We are beginning to warm up, just like a pot of violets under gla We ve been burning fossil fuels for centuries. However the automobile and heavy industry have speeded up the release of carbon dioxide so much that experts say it' s almost too late to prevent the coming results. Even a switch to other forms of energy might do no more than de lay change A warming trend in climate will be the main effect. At first, that seems all to the good, especially for Canadians. But a closer look reveals dangers which may call for ma jor adjustments all over the world. Average temperatures may rise by 2c by the year 2040, and by 5c by 2100. Increases up to three times as large may take place at the poles, however, causing the ice caps to melt rapidly. The oceans would then rise, causing flooding of coastal cities such as Halifax To compensate a little, Halifax could have a climate like Daytona Beach, Florida, by 2100. Coastal cities will have to plan for coming changes. The loss of land, houses, and factories can be reduced by planning new building sites, erecting sea walls, and contouring(循等高线修筑)the land. Even so, low lying countries will suffer. One third of the Netherlands, Florida and ouisiana, and large parts of Bangladesh will be submerged. Many port cities will look like Venice. he warmer climate will bring changed patterns of drought and rainfall. The desert Sahel area of Africa will get more rain, but the wheat growing areas of the United States, the Soviet Union, and China will be drier and less productive. More carbon dioxide will likely spur plant growth, but me regions may become too hot and dry for crops Earth has gone through temperature swings before, but only slowly over thousands of years. The coming changes may take place in a mere 120 years, and the NrC report says they would have"few or no precedents in the Earths recent history. It is the global environment issue of the century ", says Henry Hengeveld of Environment Canada. For the first time man will change his environment on a global basis. Others like Jack Vallentyne, a senior Canadian water scientist, rank the greenhouse effect with nuclear war and the population explosion in terms of its potential impact on humans. In Canada, as elsewhere, some will gain and some lose from the greenhouse effect. The NRC report stresses that we need to learn a good deal more about the degree of temperature change, the timing, and the consequences before we jump in with costly plans which may turn out wrong In the first paragraph, the phrase "counted on"means A)hoped B)wished C D)accounted The "Greenhouse effect" is so called because A)fossil fuels are burnt in green houses B)a carbon dioxide is causing the Earth to warm up C)the worlds climate has become tropical by the penetration of the sunlight D)the sun's rays are trapped by the glass in the greenhouse
The main idea for this passage is: A)Our future world will be very different from today′s world. B)Farmwork will be largely automated and computerized in the future. C)There will be more office jobs and fewer factory jobs in the furure. D)New technology will create many new jobs and professions and will make many old ones outdated. Passage 5 We′ve been hearing about the greenhouse effect for years.Now,two U.S.reports predict that it may happen sooner than we counted on.Released separately by the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)and the National Research Council(NRC),the reports warn that the first effects may be felt as early as the 1990s. A greenhouse can produce a tropical climate in sub zero weather by trapping the sun′s rays under glass.Scientists say we′re creating the same effect on a global scale by burning fossil fuels(coal,oil, gas).Carbon dioxide is a by product of the burning.The gas allows sunlight to penetrate the atmosphere but slows the escape of heat back into space.This one way trip for the sun′s rays tends to make our planet a big greenhouse.We are beginning to warm up,just like a pot of violets under glass. We′ve been burning fossil fuels for centuries.However ,the automobile and heavy industry have speeded up the release of carbon dioxide so much that experts say it′s almost too late to prevent the coming results.Even a switch to other forms of energy might do no more than delay changes for a few years. A warming trend in climate will be the main effect.At first,that seems all to the good,especially for Canadians.But a closer look reveals dangers which may call for major adjustments all over the world.Average temperatures may rise by 2℃ by the year 2040,and by 5 ℃ by 2100.Increases up to three times as large may take place at the poles,however,causing the ice caps to melt rapidly.The oceans would then rise,causing flooding of coastal cities such as Halifax.To compensate a little,Halifax could have a climate like Daytona Beach,Florida,by 2100. Coastal cities will have to plan for coming changes.The loss of land,houses,and factories can be reduced by planning new building sites,erecting sea walls,and contouring(循等高线修筑)the land.Even so ,low lying countries will suffer.One third of the Netherlands,Florida and Louisiana,and large parts of Bangladesh will be submerged.Many port cities will look like Venice. The warmer climate will bring changed patterns of drought and rainfall.The desert Sahel area of Africa will get more rain,but the wheat growing areas of the United States,the Soviet Union,and China will be drier and less productive.More carbon dioxide will likely spur plant growth,but some regions may become too hot and dry for crops. Earth has gone through temperature swings before,but only slowly over thousands of years.The coming changes may take place in a mere 120 years,and the NRC report says they would have“few or no precedents in the Earth′s recent history.” “It is the global environment issue of the century”,says Henry Hengeveld of Environment Canada. “For the first time man will change his environment on a global basis.”Others like Jack Vallentyne,a senior Canadian water scientist,rank the greenhouse effect with nuclear war and the population explosion in terms of its potential impact on humans. In Canada,as elsewhere,some will gain and some lose from the greenhouse effect.The NRC report stresses that we need to learn a good deal more about the degree of temperature change,the timing,and the consequences before we jump in with costly plans which may turn out wrong. In the first paragraph,the phrase“counted on” means _____ . A)hoped B)wished C)expected D)accounted The“Greenhouse effect”is so called because _____ . A)fossil fuels are burnt in green houses B)a carbon dioxide is causing the Earth to warm up C)the world′s climate has become tropical by the penetration of the sunlight D)the sun′s rays are trapped by the glass in the greenhouse
