《全国硕士研究生考研英语测试题库》模拟试题[15].doc_大学文库

42.A. if B of C not D never 43.A. B back C off D out 44. A territories B strips C waters D. stretches 45. A. to B of C. about D in 46. A. zone B island C paradise D heaven B tropical C strategic D substantial 48. A. when B that C which D where 49.A. lies B reaches C is located D is exposed 50. A glittered B twinkled C scattered D dispersed Part I Reading Comprehension Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C and D Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Passage 1 ly two animals have entered the human household otherwise than as prisoners and become domesticated by other means than those of enforced servititude: the dog and the cat. two things hey have in common, namely, that both belong to the order of carnivores and both serve man in their capacity of hunters. In all other characteristics, above all in the manner of their association with man, they are as different as the night from the day. there is no domestic animal which has so rapidly altered its whole way of living, indeed its whole sphere of interests, that has become domestic in so true a sense as the dog: and there is no animal that, in the course of its century old association with man, has altered so little as the cat. there is some truth in the assertion that the cat, with the exception of a few luxury breeds, such as Angoras, Persians and Siamese, is no domestic animal but a completely wild being Maintaining its full independence it has taken up its abode in the houses and outhouses of man, for the simple reason that there are more mice there than elsewhere. The whole charm of the dog lies in the depth of the friendship and the strength of the spiritual ties with which he has bound himself to man, but the appeal of the cat lies in the very fact that she has formed no close bond with him, that she has the uncompromising independence of a tiger or a leopard while she is hunting in his stables and barns; that she still remain mysterious when she is rubbing herself gently against the legs of her mistress or purring conte front of the fire The purring cat is, for me, a symbol of the heartside and the hidden security which it stands for. I should no more like to be without a cat in my home than to be without the dog that trots behind me in field or street. Since my earliest youth I have always had dogs and cats about Business like friends have advised me to write a dog book and a cat book separately, because dog lovers often dislike cats and cat lovers frequently abhor dogs. But I consider it the finest test of genuine love and understanding of animals if a person has sympathies for both these creatures, and can apreciate in each its own special virtue

42.A.if B.of C.not D.never 43.A.away B.back C.off D.out 44.A.territories B.strips C.waters D.stretches 45.A.to B.of C.about D.in 46.A.zone B.island C.paradise D.heaven 47.A.mighty B.tropical C.strategic D.substantial 48.A.when B.that C.which D.where 49.A.lies B.reaches C.is located D.is exposed 50.A.glittered B.twinkled C.scattered D.dispersed Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Directions:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers marked A,B,C and D.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points) Passage 1 Only two animals have entered the human household otherwise than as prisoners and become domesticated by other means than those of enforced servititude:the dog and the cat.Two things they have in common,namely,that both belong to the order of carnivores and both serve man in their capacity of hunters. In all other characteristics,above all in the manner of their association with man,they are as different as the night from the day.There is no domestic animal which has so rapidly altered its whole way of living,indeed its whole sphere of interests,that has become domestic in so true a sense as the dog:and there is no animal that,in the course of its century old association with man,has altered so little as the cat.There is some truth in the assertion that the cat,with the exception of a few luxury breeds,such as Angoras,Persians and Siamese,is no domestic animal but a completely wild being.Maintaining its full independence it has taken up its abode in the houses and outhouses of man,for the simple reason that there are more mice there than elsewhere.The whole charm of the dog lies in the depth of the friendship and the strength of the spiritual ties with which he has bound himself to man,but the appeal of the cat lies in the very fact that she has formed no close bond with him,that she has the uncompromising independence of a tiger or a leopard while she is hunting in his stables and barns;that she still remain mysterious and remote when she is rubbing herself gently against the legs of her mistress or purring contentedly in front of the fire. The purring cat is,for me,a symbol of the heartside and the hidden security which it stands for.I should no more like to be without a cat in my home than to be without the dog that trots behind me in field or street.Since my earliest youth I have always had dogs and cats about me.Business like friends have advised me to write a dog book and a cat book separately,because dog lovers often dislike cats and cat lovers frequently abhor dogs.But I consider it the finest test of genuine love and understanding of animals if a person has sympathies for both these creatures,and can apreciate in each its own special virtue

51. Cats, according to the author A are not domestic animals at all B are fiercer than dogs both meek and can sometimes be very ile to people 52. Dogs and cats are similar in that B. they are associated with man closely C. they have the same way of living D. they are equally liked by people 03. We can infer from the passage that the author A prefers dogs to cats B prefers cats to dog C. likes dogs as well as cats D likes neither dogs nor cats 4. The passage concludes that A. dogs are more domesticated than cats B. dogs are more lovable animals than cats C. though different, dogs and cats have their charms D both dogs and cats can be kept as pets in one house Passage 2 A single status may have multiple roles attached to it, constituting a role set. Consider he status of a patient in a hospital. The status involves the sick role; another role peer of other patients; still another role as the "appreciative"receiver of the gifts and attention of friends and family members: one role as a consumer of newspapers, magazines, and other small items purchased from a hospital attendant: and a role as acquaintance of a number of friendly hospital personnel. Or consider your status as a family member Your status includes a variety of roles, for example, parent and child, uncle, spouse, and cousin. Clearly, a role does not exist in a social vacuum: it is a bundle of activities that are connected with the activities of other people. For this reason there can be no professors without students, no husbands without ves, no whites without nonwhites, and no lawyers without clients. Roles affect us as sets of norms that define our duties the actions others can legitimately sist that we perform, and our right the actions we can legitimately insist that others perform. Every role has at least one reciprocal role attached to it: the rights of one role are the duties of the other role. As we have noted, we have a social niche for the sick. Sick people have rights our society says they do not have to function in usual ways until they get well. But sick people also have the duty to get well and"not en joy themselves too much. The sick role also entai an appeal to another party the physician. The physician must perceive the patient as trying to get well this is the physicians right and the patient' s duty. and the patient must see the doctor as sincere the patients right and the physicians duty. It should come as no surprise that the

51. Cats,according to the author, _____ . A.are not domestic animals at all B.are fiercer than dogs C.are both meek and independent D.can sometimes be very hostile to people 52. Dogs and cats are similar in that _____ . A.people can use them for hunting B.they are associated with man closely C.they have the same way of living D.they are equally liked by people 53. We can infer from the passage that the author _____ . A.prefers dogs to cats B.prefers cats to dogs C.likes dogs as well as cats D.likes neither dogs nor cats 54. The passage concludes that _____ . A.dogs are more domesticated than cats B.dogs are more lovable animals than cats C.though different,dogs and cats have their charms D.both dogs and cats can be kept as pets in one house Passage 2 A single status may have multiple roles attached to it, constituting a role set. Consider the status of a patient in a hospital. The status involves the sick role; another role as the peer of other patients; still another role as the “appreciative”receiver of the gifts and attention of friends and family members; one role as a consumer of newspapers, magazines, and other small items purchased from a hospital attendant; and a role as acquaintance of a number of friendly hospital personnel. Or consider your status as a family member. Your status includes a variety of roles, for example,parent and child, uncle, spouse, and cousin. Clearly, a role does not exist in a social vacuum; it is a bundle of activities that are connected with the activities of other people. For this reason there can be no professors without students, no husbands without wives, no whites without nonwhites, and no lawyers without clients. Roles affect us as sets of norms that define our duties the actions others can legitimately insist that we perform, and our right the actions we can legitimately insist that others perform. Every role has at least one reciprocal role attached to it; the rights of one role are the duties of the other role. As we have noted, we have a social niche for the sick. Sick people have rights our society says they do not have to function in usual ways until they get well. But sick people also have the duty to get well and“not enjoy themselves too much.”The sick role also entails an appeal to another party the physician. The physician must perceive the patient as trying to get well this is the physician's right and the patient's duty. And the patient must see the doctor as sincere the patient's right and the physician's duty. It should come as no surprise that the

quality of medical care falters when patient and physician role expectations break down. One way that people are linked in groups is through networks of reciprocal roles. Role relationships tie us to one another because the rights of one end of the relationship are the duties of the other People experience these stable relationships as social structure a hospital a college, a family, a gang, an army, and so on 55. If your are a patient, you take on all the following roles eXcept the role as A. a friend of your fellow patients B a staff member of the hospital C the receiver of the treatment D a buyer of medicines 56. The example of the family member in Paragraph one is used to convey the idea that A roles involve both duties and rights corresponding to them B a role set forms a network of interdependencies C family roles are far more complex than they appear D family members have more duties than patient 57. Which of the following may be one of the doctors duties? A. See to it that the patient gets well as soon as possible B. Make sure that the patient doesn t enjoy himself too much C. Ask the patient to be cooperative in the treatment D Perceive the patient as eager to get well 8. A role is best defined in its relation to A. another status B its obligation C. other roles ge By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in the world were considered literate. The increase in literacy from ancient times to the present has not been a story of unbroken progress. The ability of people within a given society to read and write has been influenced by a number of factors including economic well being, the availability of material to read, the amount of education available, and the basic matter of the usefulness of reading Of these factors, usefulness has probably been the most decisive. In ancient societies, as people settled into stable patterns of agriculture and trade, it became useful for some of them to read and write in order to keep records, to transact business, and to measure amounts of land, animals, goods, materials, and produce. Since all economic aspects of a society were closely tied to the operations of government, literacy became useful and even necessary for the keeping of records by officials. The responsibilities of citizenship led to a fairly high level of literacy in ancient Greece and Rome, but in addition to that, there also grew an appreciation of good

quality of medical care falters when patient and physician role expectations break down. One way that people are linked in groups is through networks of reciprocal roles. Role relationships tie us to one another because the rights of one end of the relationship are the duties of the other. People experience these stable relationships as social structure a hospital, a college, a family, a gang, an army, and so on. 55. If your are a patient, you take on all the following roles EXCEPT the role as _____ . A.a friend of your fellow patients B.a staff member of the hospital C.the receiver of the treatment D.a buyer of medicines 56. The example of the family member in Paragraph one is used to convey the idea that _____ . A.roles involve both duties and rights corresponding to them B.a role set forms a network of interdependencies C.family roles are far more complex than they appear D.family members have more duties than patients 57. Which of the following may be one of the doctor's duties? A.See to it that the patient gets well as soon as possible B.Make sure that the patient doesn't enjoy himself too much C.Ask the patient to be cooperative in the treatment D.Perceive the patient as eager to get well 58. A role is best defined in its relation to _____ . A.another status B.its obligation C.other roles D.its importance Passage 3 By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in the world were considered literate. The increase in literacy from ancient times to the present has not been a story of unbroken progress. The ability of people within a given society to read and write has been influenced by a number of factors, including economic well being, the availability of material to read, the amount of education available, and the basic matter of the usefulness of reading. Of these factors, usefulness has probably been the most decisive. In ancient societies, as people settled into stable patterns of agriculture and trade, it became useful for some of them to read and write in order to keep records, to transact business, and to measure amounts of land, animals, goods, materials, and produce. Since all economic aspects of a society were closely tied to the operations of government, literacy became useful and even necessary for the keeping of records by officials. The responsibilities of citizenship led to a fairly high level of literacy in ancient Greece and Rome, but in addition to that, there also grew an appreciation of good

literature, poetry, drama, history, and philosophy. During the early Middle Ages, with the general breakdown of society in Europe and the decrease of commerce, literacy became largely confined to the church. But in the late Middle Ages, in the period of the Rena issance, the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world usefulness With the invention of the printing press and inexpensive paper late in the 15th century there was for the first time a great availability of reading material for a much greater number of people Religious reformers were among the first to utilize the situation, quickly getting translations of the Bible and educational tracts and booklets into the hands of many people. The broadened religious enlightenment that resulted was followed in later centuries by a political one. Political theorists who favored doctrines promoting the natural rights of man called for an attack upon illiteracy. Political revolutions, particularly in the United States and France, helped inaugurate an era in which all classes were called upon to become informed on public policy for their own welfare. Against this political background there emerged the movement for universal popular education. Literacy came to be unders tood as a means whereby the dividual could benefit and advance, and gradually whole societies began to acknowledge that universal literacy among their citizens was an avenue to greater economic well being. 59. Form the first paragraph A. it is fairly easy to determine literacy B there is no illiteracy in a rich family C history sees an even progress towards literacy D in history literacy suffers ups and downs 60. According to the passage, what is the ma jor driving force behind the progress toward more literacy? A. The amount of education B The availability of reading materials. C. The economic deve lopmen D The necessity to read 61. In the renaissance, it was that greatly expand literacy A. the religious reforms B the translation and popularization of the bible C the availability of printing technology and cheap paper 62. The last paragraph is mainly about A. the religious movements that promoted the literacy of the publ B the new progress towards literacy initiated by democratic society C. modern political movement towards a more democratic society D political movements at the end of the Middle Ages fighting illiteracy

literature, poetry, drama, history, and philosophy. During the early Middle Ages, with the general breakdown of society in Europe and the decrease of commerce, literacy became largely confined to the church. But in the late Middle Ages, in the period of the Renaissance, the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world usefulness. With the invention of the printing press and inexpensive paper late in the 15th century there was for the first time a great availability of reading material for a much greater number of people. Religious reformers were among the first to utilize the situation, quickly getting translations of the Bible and educational tracts and booklets into the hands of many people. The broadened religious enlightenment that resulted was followed in later centuries by a political one. Political theorists who favored doctrines promoting the natural rights of man called for an attack upon illiteracy. Political revolutions, particularly in the United States and France, helped inaugurate an era in which all classes were called upon to become informed on public policy for their own welfare. Against this political background there emerged the movement for universal popular education. Literacy came to be understood as a means whereby the individual could benefit and advance, and gradually whole societies began to acknowledge that universal literacy among their citizens was an avenue to greater economic well being. 59. Form the first paragraph we know _____ . A.it is fairly easy to determine literacy B.there is no illiteracy in a rich family C.history sees an even progress towards literacy D.in history literacy suffers ups and downs 60. According to the passage, what is the major driving force behind the progress toward more literacy? A.The amount of education. B.The availability of reading materials. C.The economic development. D.The necessity to read. 61. In the Renaissance, it was _____ that greatly expand literacy. A.the religious reforms B.the translation and popularization of the Bible C.the availability of printing technology and cheap paper D.the renovations of the teaching methods 62. The last paragraph is mainly about _____ . A.the religious movements that promoted the literacy of the public B.the new progress towards literacy initiated by democratic society C.modern political movement towards a more democratic society D.political movements at the end of the Middle Ages fighting illiteracy Passage 4