《全国硕士研究生考研英语测试题库》模拟试题[04].doc_大学文库

40. The vocabulary of any technical discussion may include words which are never used outside the sub ject or field A)in view B)in question In c D)in effect Part Cloze Test Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D)Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWEr ShEeT by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets (10 points) For many years, women were over looked in the deve lopment process. Often, planners did not fully understand or (41)women's roles in the many and varied cultures of the developing countries. Thus women-half of the people(42)-did not receive a fair share of the benefits of development efforts, (43)were they able to contribute fully to them. As a result, development has not been as successful as it could have been and we have(44)many opportunities for breakthroughs in key areas. We have, however, learned some lessons from a generation of experience with development cooperation. (45)our knowledge of women's needs and contributions has grown, so has our ability to(46) them as agents and beneficiaries of development. Over the past few years, the Canadian International Development Agency(CIDA)has pioneered the integration of women (47)development programs, making it a matter of top priority. The role or(48) in the pla and approval of Canadas new development initiatives, and existing projects are being "retrofitted"(49)possible to take women's needs and contributions into account. CIDA's policy calls (50) the consideration of the role of and impact on woman in all projects. However, there is a need for specical measures, and some projects have been desi gned specifically to focus on womens special needs and capacities 41. A)appreciate B)appoint C)apply D)acquaint 42.A)revolved B)devolved C)involved D)convolved no B) D never 44.A)left B)passed C)missed D)possessed 45. A)When B)Where C)Ho D)As 46. A)include B)comprise C)contain D)cover 47.A)to B) c) out D)into 48.A)factor B)matter C)sectie D)particl 49. A)there B)her C)where D)hence 50.A)on B)forth C)for Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions For each question there are four answers A, B, C and D)Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the en mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets(40 points) Earthquakes may rightly be ranked as one of the most devastating forces known to man: since records began to be written down, it has been estimated that earthquake-related fatalities have

40. The vocabulary of any technical discussion may include words which are never used outside the subject or field _____ . A)in view B)in question C)in case D)in effect Part Ⅱ Cloze Test Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 points) For many years,women were overlooked in the development process.Often, planners did not fully understand or (41) women′s roles in the many and varied cultures of the developing countries.Thus women-half of the people (42) —did not receive a fair share of the benefits of development efforts, (43) were they able to contribute fully to them. As a result,development has not been as successful as it could have been and we have (44) many opportunities for breakthroughs in key areas. We have,however,learned some lessons from a generation of experience with development cooperation. (45) our knowledge of women′s needs and contributions has grown, so has our ability to (46) them as agents and beneficiaries of development. Over the past few years,the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)has pioneered the integration of women (47) development programs,making it a matter of top priority.The role of women is now a major (48) in the planning and approval of Canada′s new development initiatives,and existing projects are being“retrofitted” (49) possible to take women′s needs and contributions into account.CIDA′s policy calls (50) the consideration of the role of and impact on woman in all projects.However,there is a need for specical measures, and some projects have been designed specifically to focus on women′s special needs and capacities.. 41.A)appreciate B)appoint C)apply D)acquaint 42.A)revolved B)devolved C)involved D)convolved 43.A)not B)nor C)no D)never 44.A)left B)passed C)missed D)possessed 45.A)When B)Where C)How D)As 46.A)include B)comprise C)contain D)cover 47.A)to B)on C)out D)into 48.A)factor B)matter C)section D)particle 49.A)there B)here C)where D)hence 50.A)on B)forth C)for D)in Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers A,B,C and D)Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(40 points) Passage 1 Earthquakes may rightly be ranked as one of the most devastating forces known to man:since records began to be written down,it has been estimated that earthquake-related fatalities have

numbered in the millions, and that earthquake-related destruction has been beyond calculation. The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to collapse of buildings and the effects of rockslides, floods, fire, disease, tsunamis(gigantic sea waves), and other phenomena resulting from earthquakes, rather than from the quakes themsel The great ma jority of all earthquakes occur in two specific geographic areas. One such area encompasses the Pacific Ocean and its contiguous land masses. The other extends from the east Indies to the Atlas Mountains, including the Himalayas, Iran, turkey, and the alpine regions. It is in these two great belts or zones that ninety percent of all earthquakes take place; they may, however, happen anywhere at any time. This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the dread and horror surrounding earthquakes, but in recent times there have been indications that earthquake predication may be possible. By analyzing changes in animal behavior, patterns of movements in the earths crust, variations in the force of gravity and the earth's magnetic field, and the frequency with which minor earth tremors (htz are observed, scientists have shown increasing success in anticipating when and where earthquakes will strike. As a result, a worldwide earthquak arning network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for (and thus lessen)the vast destruction that might otherwise have been totally unexpected. It is doubt ful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and eliminate their destructiveness altogether, but as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood, man ill become more and more able to deal with their potential devastation before it occurs 51. Based on what you have just read, which of the following is true? A)Earthquakes are highly feared, but actually relatively harmless. B)There is absolutely no way to predict when or where earthquakes might occur C)Man is now able to ct when earthquakes will happen, but not where D)Man is now able to ct where earthquakes will happen, but not wher 52. What is the probable meaning of contiguous (line 9)? A) B ancien 53. To what does this element of the unknown(line 13)refer? A)the two great earthquake zones B)the fact the earthquakes can happen at any time or place C)the percentage of earthquakes D)the exact cause of earthquakes 54. Which of the following have been used to anticipate earthquake activity? A)differences in the earth's magnetic field and force of gravity B)how often minor earth tremors have been observed C)patterns in the movement of the earth's crust D)all of the above

numbered in the millions,and that earthquake-related destruction has been beyond calculation.The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to collapse of buildings and the effects of rockslides, floods,fire,disease,tsunamis(gigantic sea waves),and other phenomena resulting from earthquakes,rather than from the quakes themselves. The great majority of all earthquakes occur in two specific geographic areas.One such area encompasses the Pacific Ocean and its contiguous land masses.The other extends from the East Indies to the Atlas Mountains,including the Himalayas,Iran,Turkey,and the Alpine regions.It is in these two great belts or zones that ninety percent of all earthquakes take place;they may,however,happen anywhere at any time. This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the dread and horror surrounding earthquakes, but in recent times there have been indications that earthquake predication may be possible.By analyzing changes in animal behavior,patterns of movements in the earth′s crust,variations in the force of gravity and the earth′s magnetic field,and the frequency with which minor earth tremors(震动) are observed,scientists have shown increasing success in anticipating when and where earthquakes will strike.As a result,a worldwide earthquake warning network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for (and thus lessen)the vast destruction that might otherwise have been totally unexpected. It is doubtful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and eliminate their destructiveness altogether,but as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood,man will become more and more able to deal with their potential devastation before it occurs. 51. Based on what you have just read,which of the following is true? A)Earthquakes are highly feared,but actually relatively harmless. B)There is absolutely no way to predict when or where earthquakes might occur. C)Man is now able to predict when earthquakes will happen,but not where. D)Man is now able to predict where earthquakes will happen,but not when. 52. What is the probable meaning of contiguous(line 9)? A)underwater B)ancient C)bordering D)huge 53. To what does this element of the unknown(line 13)refer? A)the two great earthquake zones B)the fact the earthquakes can happen at any time or place C)the percentage of earthquakes D)the exact cause of earthquakes 54. Which of the following have been used to anticipate earthquake activity? A)differences in the earth′s magnetic field and force of gravity B)how often minor earth tremors have been observed C)patterns in the movement of the earth′s crust D)all of the above

55. Which of the following describes the authors attitude toward the possibility of earthquake prediction? A)It will never be possible to predict earthquakes. B)Earthquakes can already be predicted with great accuracy. C)There is really no need to try to predict earthquake occurrences. D)Earthquake prediction is becoming more and more possible. Passage 2 Drunken driving--sometimes called America s socially accepted form of murder--ha become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250 000 over the past decade a drunken driver is usually defined as one with a o 10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American macho image and judges were lenient(%tag) in most courts, but tly caused so many well-publicised tragedie iall young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant. Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 2l, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18--20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21 Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect by educational programmes to help young people to develop "responsible attitudes"about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink. Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and in many areas already, to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving cus tomers too many drinks. A tavern in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was obviously intoxicated"and later drove off the road, killing a nine-year-old boy. As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the"noble experiment". They forget that legal prohibition didn't sto rade drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organised crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution. 56. Drunken driving has become a ma jor problem in America because A)most Americans are heavy drinkers B)Americans are now less shocked by road accidents C)accidents attract so much publicity D)drinking is a socially accepted habit in America 57. Why has public opinion regarding drunken driving changed? A)Detailed statistics are now available B)The news media have highlighted the problem C)Judges are giving more severe sentences. D)Drivers are more conscious of their image

55. Which of the following describes the author′s attitude toward the possibility of earthquake prediction? A)It will never be possible to predict earthquakes. B)Earthquakes can already be predicted with great accuracy. C)There is really no need to try to predict earthquake occurrences. D)Earthquake prediction is becoming more and more possible. Passage 2 Drunken driving——sometimes called America′s socially accepted form of murder——has become a national epidemic.Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers,adding up to an incredible 250 000 over the past decade. A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers,glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours.Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American macho image and judges were lenient(宽容的) in most courts,but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicised tragedies,especially involving young children,that public opinion is no longer so tolerant. Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21,reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18.After New Jersey lowered it to 18,the number of people killed by 18—20-year-old drivers more than doubled,so the state recently upped it back to 21. Reformers,however,fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programmes to help young people to develop“responsible attitudes”about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink. Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and in many areas already,to a marked decline in fatalities.Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks.A tavern in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was “obviously intoxicated”and later drove off the road,killing a nine-year-old boy. As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state,some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919,which President Hoover called the “noble experiment”.They forget that legal prohibition didn′t stop drinking,but encouraged political corruption and organised crime.As with the booming drug trade generally,there is no easy solution. 56. Drunken driving has become a major problem in America because _____ . A)most Americans are heavy drinkers B)Americans are now less shocked by road accidents C)accidents attract so much publicity D)drinking is a socially accepted habit in America 57. Why has public opinion regarding drunken driving changed? A)Detailed statistics are now available. B)The news media have highlighted the problem. C)Judges are giving more severe sentences. D)Drivers are more conscious of their image

58. Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that A)many drivers were not of legal age B)young drivers were often bad dri vers C)the level of drinking increased in the 1960s D)the legal drinking age should be raised 59. Laws recently introduced in some states have B)resulted in fewer serious accidents C)prevented bars from serving drunken customers D)specified the amount drivers can drink 60. Why is the problem of drinking and driving difficult to solve? A)Alcohol is easily obta B)Drinking is linked to organised crime C)legal prohibition has already faile D)Legislation alone is not sufficient 3 t us set out from a fact. The same type of civilization, or to use a more exact, although more extended expression, the same society, has not always inhabited the earth. The human race as a whole has grown, has deve loped, has matured, like one of ourselves. It was once a child, it was once a man; we are now looking on at its impressive old age. Before the epoch which modern society has dubbed"ancient" there was another epoch which the ancients called"fabulous"but which it would be more accurate to call "primitive. Observe then three great successive orders of things civilization, from its origin down to our days. Now, as poetry is always superposed upon ty, we propose to try to demonstrate, from the form of its society, what the character of the poetry must have been in those three great ages of the world primitive times, ancient times, modern times In primitive times, When man awakes in a world that is newly created, poetry awakes withhim In the face of the marvelous things that dazzle him, his first speech is a hymn simply. He is still, so close to God that all his thoughts are joy ful, all his dreams are visions. The earth is still almost deserted. There are families, but no nations patriarchs, but no kings. Each race exists at its own leasure: no property, no laws, no contentions, no wars. Everything belongs to each and to all Society is a community Man is restrained in nought. He leads that nomadic pastoral life with which all civilizations begin, and which is so well adapted to solitary contemplation, to fanciful reverie (J NB). He follows every suggestion, he goes hither and thither at random. His thought, like his life, resembles a cloud that changes its shape and its direction according to the wind that drives it. Such is the first man, such is the first poet. He is young; he is cynical. Prayer is his sole religion, the ode is his only form of poetry. This ode, this poem of primitive times, is Genesis. By slow degrees, however, this youth of the world passes away. all the spheres progress: the family becomes a tribe, the tribe becomes a nation. Each of these groups of men camps about a common center, and kingdoms appear. The social instinct succeeds the nomadic instinct. The camp gives place to the city, the tent to the palace, the ark to the temple. The chiefs of these states of early

58. Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that _____ . A)many drivers were not of legal age B)young drivers were often bad drivers C)the level of drinking increased in the 1960s D)the legal drinking age should be raised 59. Laws recently introduced in some states have _____ . A)reduced the number of convictions B)resulted in fewer serious accidents C)prevented bars from serving drunken customers D)specified the amount drivers can drink 60. Why is the problem of drinking and driving difficult to solve? A)Alcohol is easily obtained. B)Drinking is linked to organised crime. C)legal prohibition has already failed. D)Legislation alone is not sufficient. Passage 3 Let us set out from a fact.The same type of civilization,or to use a more exact,although more extended expression,the same society,has not always inhabited the earth.The human race as a whole has grown,has developed,has matured,like one of ourselves.It was once a child,it was once a man;we are now looking on at its impressive old age.Before the epoch which modern society has dubbed“ancient”there was another epoch which the ancients called“fabulous”but which it would be more accurate to call “primitive.”Observe then three great successive orders of things in civilization, from its origin down to our days.Now,as poetry is always superposed upon society,we propose to try to demonstrate,from the form of its society,what the character of the poetry must have been in those three great ages of the world primitive times,ancient times,modern times. In primitive times,When man awakes in a world that is newly created,poetry awakes with him.In the face of the marvelous things that dazzle him,his first speech is a hymn simply.He is still,so close to God that all his thoughts are joyful,all his dreams are visions.The earth is still almost deserted.There are families,but no nations;patriarchs,but no kings.Each race exists at its own pleasure;no property,no laws,no contentions,no wars.Everything belongs to each and to all.Society is a community.Man is restrained in nought.He leads that nomadic pastoral life with which all civilizations begin,and which is so well adapted to solitary contemplation,to fanciful reverie(幻想).He follows every suggestion,he goes hither and thither, at random.His thought,like his life,resembles a cloud that changes its shape and its direction according to the wind that drives it.Such is the first man,such is the first poet.He is young;he is cynical.Prayer is his sole religion,the ode is his only form of poetry. This ode,this poem of primitive times,is Genesis. By slow degrees,however,this youth of the world passes away.All the spheres progress;the family becomes a tribe,the tribe becomes a nation.Each of these groups of men camps about a common center,and kingdoms appear.The social instinct succeeds the nomadic instinct.The camp gives place to the city,the tent to the palace,the ark to the temple.The chiefs of these states of early