《全国硕士研究生考研英语测试题库》考研英语模拟试题[26].doc_大学文库

Some people may have been daunted by the task because of the difficulties it brings, but I do not know of A. them doing B. any having done C. their doing D any doing that way It is illegal to use this equipment for firefighting purposes. Unauthorized use is malicious destruction of property and is punishable by a $50 000 fine B. none but C. otherwise D. rather than Section b Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (5 points 11. The town borrowed (A)money to build the(B)school house, on the supposition (C)that population and property will (D)increase. A mother will arrive at (A) the discovery, either instinctively or by(B)an unconscious series of trials and errors, that her baby is more at peace(C)if holding(D)on the left against her heart than on the right When there is a(A) langnage barrier, communication is accomplished (B) through sign (C)language whose (D)motions stand for letters, words and ideas. He tried (A) not to smoke for sometime (B)during (C) the summer vacation, but as soon as(D) he came back to work, he was a smoker again. Norwegians see in (A) farmers and fishermen many of the qualities (B)that they regard with (C) pride as essential(D)Norwegian. The value of radar lies in not(A) being a substitute for(B)the eye, but in doing (C)what the (A) the lower grade students was (B)unable to achieve the he reading tests He would (A) always ignore the fact (B)of there to be(C) such a contradiction in his inner (D) thought. Dr. Norman Bethune was prepared(A) to leave with ( b) the last wounded(C)being operated on(D) In some countries, the papers and television feed (a) the young with(B) fantastic tales of the poor's(C) becoming(D)rich. Section c Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET (10 points) 21. Historians use the on the walls of ancient temples to guide them in their studies A. description B. inscription C. prescription D. subscriptio ith some effective measures adopted in the workshop, the workers are safe

D．used ▪ Some people may have been daunted by the task because of the difficulties it brings,but I do not know of _____ . A．them doing so B．any having done so C．their doing like that D.any doing that way ▪ It is illegal to use this equipment for _____ firefighting purposes.Unauthorized use is malicious destruction of property and is punishable by a ＄50 000 fine. A．other than B．none but C．otherwise D．rather than Section B Directions:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D.Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(5 points) 11. The town borrowed (A) money to build the (B) school house, on the supposition (C) that population and property will (D) increase. ▪ A mother will arrive at (A) the discovery, either instinctively or by (B) an unconscious series of trials and errors,that her baby is more at peace (C) if holding (D) on the left against her heart than on the right. ▪ When there is a (A) langnage barrier,communication is accomplished (B) through sign (C) language whose (D) motions stand for letters,words and ideas. ▪ He tried (A) not to smoke for sometime (B) during (C) the summer vacation,but as soon as (D) he came back to work,he was a smoker again. ▪ Norwegians see in (A) farmers and fishermen many of the qualities (B) that they regard with (C) pride as essential (D) Norwegian. ▪ The value of radar lies in not (A) being a substitute for (B) the eye, but in doing (C) what the eye (D) can not do. ▪ The greater part of (A) the lower grade students was (B) unable to achieve the (C) norm on (D) the reading tests. ▪ He would (A) always ignore the fact (B) of there to be (C) such a contradiction in his inner (D) thought. ▪ Dr. Norman Bethune was prepared (A) to leave with (B) the last wounded (C) being operated on (D) ． ▪ In some countries,the papers and television feed (A) the young with (B) fantastic tales of the poor's (C) becoming (D) rich. Section C Directions：Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) 21. Historians use the _____ on the walls of ancient temples to guide them in their studies. A．description B．inscription C．prescription D．subscription ▪ With some effective measures adopted in the workshop, the workers are safe _____

Before the committee started its work. the f the last meeting were read out. A B C. copies D. manuscripts The portion of the total income of China s railways which comes from carrying cargo 80 A. consequently B. roughly C. comparatively incidentally Part i cloze test Directions For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices labelled A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and put choice on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) anguage is such a pervasive cultural phenomenon that it can truly be called"second nature". In the immeasurable 4l of time since this form of behavior was acquired by the human race, language has always been the best 42 and most often used medium of cultural expression The idea of human society and of man himself as a reasoning 43 cannot be separated from the fact 44 men possess language. 45 the nature of language in general, volumes have been written and schools of philosophy over specific languages 47, arguments are easily roused and political controversies are often based, and yet a satisfactory definition of language has never been reached. In the mind of the average person, it is 48 from other systems of communication. Although every person has the fantastic 49 of his language at his command, science has yet to perceive, record, tabulate or render them into a comprehensive 50 41. A. amount B. length C. period D. point 42.A. incorporated BB inserted C. insulated D integrated 43.A. logic eing C person D individual 44. A. because B. those D. that 45. A. On B. Ir C. With D. Through 46. A. founded B. have founded C. are founded were founded 47. A. at length B. in essence C. in particular D on average 48. A. incompatible B. indispensable C. undistingushed D. unidentified 49. A complexities B similarities C regularity D uniformit 50. A. chart B. file mechanism D. scheme Part III Reading Comprehension Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C and D Read the passages carefully and choose the best anwser t each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER ShEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil(40 points P During the past four decades the fishery scientist of the West have studies the dynamics of fish populations with the ob jective of determining the relation between the amount of fishing and the sustainable catch. They have developed a substantial body of theory that has been applied successfully to a large number of animal populations and has led to a major improvement in the management of some of the ma jor marine fisheries The theory has been developed for single species populations wi th man as a predator. Much of it is based on the Darwinian concept of a constant overpopulation of young that is reduced by density dependent mortality resulting form intraspecific competition. The unfished population tends toward a maximum equilibrium size with a relatively high proportion of large

▪ Before the committee started its work,the _____ of the last meeting were read out. A．minutes B．records C．copies D．manuscripts ▪ The portion of the total income of China's railways which comes from carrying cargo is _____ 80 percent. A．consequently B．roughly C．comparatively D．incidentally ▪ Part II Cloze Test Directions:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices labelled A,B,C and D. Choose the best one and put your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) Language is such a pervasive cultural phenomenon that it can truly be called“second nature”. In the immeasurable 41 of time since this form of behavior was acquired by the human race, language has always been the best 42 and most often used medium of cultural expression. The idea of human society and of man himself as a reasoning 43 cannot be separated from the fact 44 men possess language. 45 the nature of language in general, volumes have been written and schools of philosophy 46 ; over specific languages 47 , arguments are easily roused and political controversies are often based, and yet a satisfactory definition of language has never been reached. In the mind of the average person, it is 48 from other systems of communication. Although every person has the fantastic 49 of his language at his command, science has yet to perceive, record, tabulate or render them into a comprehensive 50 . 41．A．amount B．length C．period D．point 42．A．incorporated B．inserted C．insulated D．integrated 43．A．logic B．being C．person D．individual 44．A．because B．those C．all D．that 45．A．On B．In C．With D．Through 46．A．founded B．have founded C．are founded D．were founded 47．A．at length B．in essence C．in particular D．on average 48．A．incompatible B．indispensable C．undistingushed D．unidentified 49．A．complexities B．similarities C．regularity D．uniformity 50．A．chart B．file C．mechanism D．scheme Part III Reading Comprehension Directions：Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A,B,C and D.Read the passages carefully and choose the best anwser to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.(40 points) Passage 1 During the past four decades the fishery scientist of the West have studies the dynamics of fish populations with the objective of determining the relation between the amount of fishing and the sustainable catch. They have developed a substantial body of theory that has been applied successfully to a large number of animal populations and has led to a major improvement in the management of some of the major marine fisheries. The theory has been developed for single species populations with man as a predator. Much of it is based on the Darwinian concept of a constant overpopulation of young that is reduced by density dependent mortality resulting form intraspecific competition. The unfished population tends toward a maximum equilibrium size with a relatively high proportion of large

old individuals. As fishing increased and natural mortality is reduced, death from fishing eventually takes the place of most natural mortality. If the amount of fishing is increased too much, the indivduals will tend to be taken before realizing their potential growth, and total yield will be reduced. The maximum sustainable yields can be taken at an intermediate population size that in some populations is about one third the unfished population size. G V Nikolskii, of Moscow State University, develops his theory from a different approach. He is non Darwinian and is(he says )a nonmathematician; rather he considers himself as ecologist and morphologist. He argues that Darwins's concept of constant overpopulation has led to the neglect of the problem of protecting spawns and young fish. He argues also that Darwin s concept of a variety as an incipient species have led to extensive mathematical analysis of racial characters. Nikolskii considers the main laws of population dynamics to be concerned with the succession of generations: their birth, growth, and death. The details are governed by the relative rates of adaptaton and environmental change. The mass and age structure of a population are the result of adaptation to the food supply. The mass and age structure of a population are the result of adaptation to the food supply. The rate of growth of individuals, the time of sexual maturity and the accumulation of reserves vary according to the food supply. These factors in turn influence the success of reproduction in ways that tend to bring the size of the population into balance with its food supply. 51. Nikolskill theorizes that fish population is controlled mainly by the A size of the fish caught within a species B racial characteristics of the species C amount of food available to the species D death rate within a species The author indicates the main difference between the theories of darwin and Nikolskii is the A effect of food supply on the size of the fish B the amount of fish that can be harvested C. methods used to catch fish D cause of population variation in fish The theories based on the concepts of Darwin assume that fish population is controlled mainly by the A size of the fish caught within a specie B amount of fishing pressure of the species C racial characteristics of the species D. life expectancy within the species The researchers discussed in the passage were mainly concerned with A species of fish faced with extinction B the ecology of fishing C the effects of pollution on fishing D. commercial fishing Passage 2 There are people in Italy who can t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grow men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while little of anythi happens. They tell you it s a game better suited to the 19th century slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there s the sport tha glorifies“ the hit By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still On tv the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his sub ject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The Tv wont do it for you. Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him

old individuals. As fishing increased and natural mortality is reduced, death from fishing eventually takes the place of most natural mortality. If the amount of fishing is increased too much, the indivduals will tend to be taken before realizing their potential growth, and total yield will be reduced. The maximum sustainable yields can be taken at an intermediate population size that in some populations is about one third the unfished population size. G.V.Nikolskii, of Moscow State University, develops his theory from a different approach. He is non Darwinian and is(he says)a nonmathematician; rather he considers himself as ecologist and morphologist. He argues that Darwins's concept of constant overpopulation has led to the neglect of the problem of protecting spawns and young fish. He argues also that Darwin's concept of a variety as an incipient species have led to extensive mathematical analysis of racial characters. Nikolskii considers the main laws of population dynamics to be concerned with the succession of generations; their birth, growth, and death. The details are governed by the relative rates of adaptaton and environmental change. The mass and age structure of a population are the result of adaptation to the food supply. The mass and age structure of a population are the result of adaptation to the food supply. The rate of growth of individuals, the time of sexual maturity, and the accumulation of reserves vary according to the food supply. These factors in turn influence the success of reproduction in ways that tend to bring the size of the population into balance with its food supply. 51. Nikolskill theorizes that fish population is controlled mainly by the _____ . A.size of the fish caught within a species B.racial characteristics of the species C.amount of food available to the species D.death rate within a species ▪ The author indicates the main difference between the theories of Darwin and Nikolskii is the _____ . A.effect of food supply on the size of the fish B.the amount of fish that can be harvested C.methods used to catch fish D.cause of population variation in fish ▪ The theories based on the concepts of Darwin assume that fish population is controlled mainly by the _____ . A.size of the fish caught within a species B.amount of fishing pressure of the species C.racial characteristics of the species D.life expectancy within the species ▪ The researchers discussed in the passage were mainly concerned with _____ . A.species of fish faced with extinction B.the ecology of fishing C.the effects of pollution on fishing D.commercial fishing ▪ Passage 2 There are people in Italy who can't stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey.A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it's a game better suited to the 19th century slow,quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there's the sport that glorifies “the hit”. By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won't do it for you. Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him

tching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher (*F)throws the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhap Nothing happened, "you say. "I could have had my eyes closed,suppos he glances across the field to check his first baseman' s position. Suppose the pitch is a ball The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot: smooth the pocket in your glove: watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony (]5)of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber (=A)music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses 5. The passage is mainly concerned with A. the different tastes of people for sports B. the different characteristics of sports C. the attraction of football D. the attraction of baseball Those who don t like baseball may complain that it is only to the taste of the old B. it involves fewer players than football C. it is not exciting enough D. it is pretentious and looks funny The author admits that A. baseball is too peaceful for the young B. baseball may seem boring when watched on TV C. football is more attracting than basebal D. baseball is more interesting than footbal We can safely conclude that the author A. likes football B. hates foot ball C, hates baseball D. likes baseball Passage 3 Aleister Growley is probably considered to be the most infamous Black Magician of the 20th century al though, in fact, he was not a Black Magician and never claimed to be. He practiced his wwn form of magic which only partly resembled the rites of devil worshippers, and it was certainly ot performed for the same ends Rather than worshipping God, the devil, or any thing else, Crowley devised a "religion"with himself as a saviour showing the people the way to freedom through their own "true will". In other words, he said, people should throw off all constraints and conventions and gain control of themselves and others through their own will power. In his famous books, "Magic in Theory and Practice", Crowley explains what magic is, namely, technique of making nature obey man's will by capturing natural power through speaking the appropriate words and performing the correct actions. all this must be done while in the righ state of mind: a state that Crowley often produced by the use of drugs His experiments with various drugs were to have serious consequences and by the time he was in his thirties he was taking too much heroin. At the end of his life he was taking a massive daily does of ll grammes, enough to kill a roomful of people. It was only his extraordinary physical strength and conditioning through the years, that stopped it being fatal. Rather ironically, considering his excessive intake of drugs, Crowley died of natural causes at the age of 72. Opinion has always been sharply divided about him, for as well as being a self confessed magician, Crowley also painted, wrote plays, stories and poetry. Some see him as a clever but misguided man, while others, especially after the scandals at tached to his life at Cefalu in Cicily iew him as truly evil. 59. Through the doctrine of true will", Crowley encouraged people to

watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher (投手) throws; the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman's position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,”you say.“I could have had my eyes closed.” The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony (交响乐) of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber (室内)music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses. 55. The passage is mainly concerned with _____ . A．the different tastes of people for sports B．the different characteristics of sports C．the attraction of football D．the attraction of baseball ▪ Those who don't like baseball may complain that _____ . A．it is only to the taste of the old B．it involves fewer players than football C．it is not exciting enough D．it is pretentious and looks funny ▪ The author admits that _____ . A．baseball is too peaceful for the young B．baseball may seem boring when watched on TV C．football is more attracting than baseball D．baseball is more interesting than football ▪ We can safely conclude that the author _____ ． A．likes football B．hates football C．hates baseball D．likes baseball ▪ Passage 3 Aleister Growley is probably considered to be the most infamous Black Magician of the 20th century although, in fact, he was not a Black Magician and never claimed to be. He practiced his own form of magic which only partly resembled the rites of devil worshippers, and it was certainly not performed for the same ends. Rather than worshipping God, the devil, or anything else, Crowley devised a “religion”with himself as a saviour showing the people the way to freedom through their own“true will”.In other words, he said, people should throw off all constraints and conventions and gain control of themselves and others through their own will power. In his famous books,“Magic in Theory and Practice”,Crowley explains what magic is, namely, a technique of making nature obey man's will by capturing natural power through speaking the appropriate words and performing the correct actions. All this must be done while in the right state of mind: a state that Crowley often produced by the use of drugs. His experiments with various drugs were to have serious consequences and by the time he was in his thirties he was taking too much heroin. At the end of his life he was taking a massive daily does of 11 grammes, enough to kill a roomful of people. It was only his extraordinary physical strength and conditioning through the years, that stopped it being fatal. Rather ironically, considering his excessive intake of drugs, Crowley died of natural causes at the age of 72. Opinion has always been sharply divided about him, for as well as being a self confessed magician, Crowley also painted, wrote plays, stories and poetry. Some see him as a clever but misguided man, while others ,especially after the scandals attached to his life at Cefalu in Cicily, view him as truly evil. 59. Through the doctrine of “true will”,Crowley encouraged people to _____

A ignore the normal morality B find freedom through self worship C control everything by will power D invent a new unconventional religion n How is magic defined in"Magic in Theory and Practice"? A. As a means of acquiring a certain state of mind. B As a technique of speaking and acting in a certain way. C As a form of natural power gained through using drugs D As a way of subduing natural laws by will power. What kind of person was Crowley? A Self seeking and violent. B Strong willed and dissatisfied. C Rash and weak wille D Strong willed and determined. Why didn t the large amounts of heroin taken by growley prove fatal? A. He took too large a dose for it to be fatal. B. He did not take enough to kill a man of his size. C. He had conditioned his body not to die. D. He had accus tomed his body to large dosage Passage 4 I have yet to witness one example just one of compliance on the part of those people who have the power to move those little thermostat but tons. Don t they know about the fuel shortage? The subways are too hot. Heat pours out of the vents. People stand bumper to bumper breathing hotly down each other s necks with their heavy winter coats on-and sweating. The subways could probably be heated by body heat alone. Why is it still August down there? Department stores are too hot. The customers are wearing those same heavy winter coats. Even f you take your coat off, it' s still too hot, and then you ve got to lug your coat around well as all the holiday packages My apartment is too hot. Even with the radiators turned off steam pours out of every nook cranny. It's a bit ludicrous that i go running around turning off lights to save electricity while I m wearing shorts and my windows are wide open. Museums are too hot. Movies are too hot. Buses are too hot. This morning the fifth Avenue bus vas so hot that everybody was opening the windows. And it was raining out Better wet than hot. And now I sit sweating in my office. The heat is on, and so is the air conditioning, but even that doesn t help I think ordinary people are willing to make sacrifices. All the ordinary people I know are cutting down on electricity and gas. I am sure the ordinary people would be willing to conserve sweat, too. But the ordinary people, unfortunately, don t have power over the ther 63. In thi s passage the author A. is calling for the saving of energy B. is talking about the earths greenhouse effect C. is complaining about the crowdedness of public places D. expresses dissatisfaction with urban life The author lists so many places in order to make clear the idea that A. some public places are too hot to work in C. life in big cities is rather unpleasant Ome places B. energy used for heating can be saved in so D. public places should be better air conditioned By saying that " ordinary people would be willing to conserve sweat, too"(the third sentence in paragraph 7), the author really means that ordinary people A. would agree to turn off power where possible

A.ignore the normal morality B.find freedom through self worship C.control everything by will power D.invent a new unconventional religion ▪ How is magic defined in“Magic in Theory and Practice”? A.As a means of acquiring a certain state of mind. B.As a technique of speaking and acting in a certain way. C.As a form of natural power gained through using drugs. D.As a way of subduing natural laws by will power. ▪ What kind of person was Crowley? A.Self seeking and violent. B.Strong willed and dissatisfied. C.Rash and weak willed. D.Strong willed and determined. ▪ Why didn't the large amounts of heroin taken by Growley prove fatal? A.He took too large a dose for it to be fatal. B.He did not take enough to kill a man of his size. C.He had conditioned his body not to die. D.He had accustomed his body to large dosage. ▪ Passage 4 I have yet to witness one example just one of compliance on the part of those people who have the power to move those little thermostat buttons.Don't they know about the fuel shortage? The subways are too hot.Heat pours out of the vents.People stand bumper to bumper breathing hotly down each other's necks with their heavy winter coats on-and sweating.The subways could probably be heated by body heat alone.Why is it still August down there? Department stores are too hot.The customers are wearing those same heavy winter coats.Even if you take your coat off，it's still too hot，and then you've got to lug your coat around as well as all the holiday packages. My apartment is too hot.Even with the radiators turned off steam pours out of every nook and cranny.It's a bit ludicrous that I go running around turning off lights to save electricity while I'm wearing shorts and my windows are wide open. Museums are too hot.Movies are too hot.Buses are too hot.This morning the Fifth Avenue bus was so hot that everybody was opening the windows.And it was raining out.Better wet than hot. And now I sit sweating in my office.The heat is on，and so is the air conditioning，but even that doesn't help. I think ordinary people are willing to make sacrifices.All the ordinary people I know are cutting down on electricity and gas.I am sure the ordinary people would be willing to conserve sweat，too. But the ordinary people，unfortunately，don't have power over the thermostat. 63. In this passage，the author _____ . A．is calling for the saving of energy B．is talking about the earth's greenhouse effect C．is complaining about the crowdedness of public places D．expresses dissatisfaction with urban life ▪ The author lists so many places in order to make clear the idea that _____ . A．some public places are too hot to work in B．energy used for heating can be saved in some places C．life in big cities is rather unpleasant D．public places should be better air conditioned ▪ By saying that“? ordinary people would be willing to conserve sweat，too”（the third sentence in paragraph 7），the author really means that ordinary people _____ . A．would agree to turn off power where possible

B. prefer winter to summer C. don t like hot plac are willing to give up a comfortable life The tone of the passage is one of plaint C persuasion D. critic Increasingly, the development of tourism is seen to have an effect on the environment. Erosion is one problem. The steps and stones of major popular sites like Shakespeare s birthplace or Stonehenge are literally being worn away by millions of foreign feet. The remedy in the case of Britains best known prehistoric monument has been to use railings to keep visitors at a distance Such measures can hardly be adopted in the house of the bard, however, where tourists want to enter the actual building. Overcrowding in cities, towns and villages is another problem. Traffic jams are an outcome In narrow roads, tourist vehicles cause congestion. Local traders and residents cannot get around to do their work. Car parks fill up, so strangers park their cars where they can; in streets, across gateways, in lay bys, or even in private driveways. This causes obstruction. The sheer weights of incomers can be a hazard. Thus Venice, a city built for half a million inhabitants, is swollen by another half million who populate the city daily in the tourist season eight million visits each year. The mayor recently decided to limit visitors to 90 000 a day the only way to save the city from inundation. Pollution is a further consequence. The Lakes are popular for people who en joy watersports uch as waterskiing, power boat racing and swimming, but boats pump sewage directly into the water. Facilities can be provided to prevent this happening, but this is costly. There are also problems with litter. The threat to wildlife habitats is yet another result. Tourists around the Lakes destroy vegetation. This is harmful to animals which build their nests along the shores. Wildlife refuges have been created which have helped protect these natural sites. On the Greek island of Zakinthos, the breeding beaches of the rare loggerhead turtle are being threatened by tourist disturbance Local conservationists try to moni tor and protect the turtles but they have been at tacked by the angry owners of taverns and hotels who make lucrative profits from bars or renting sunbeds and umbrellas. Government compensation payments for the loss of business might be the anwser, but this 67. Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. The development of tourism has brought about environmental problems B. Tourism should not develop at the cost of the environmental destruction. C. Measures taken to protect the environment prove to be ineffective. D. Tourism is developing for the sole purpose of making money As a result of overdevelopment of tourism, venic A. is overcrowded with cars B. is overloaded C. is worn away D. is badly polluted Paragraph 3 points out that the Lakes A. have too many boats on them B. are overcrowded on the beaches C. are polluted by wastes D. are no longer attractive On the island of Zakinthos, measures to protect the turtles meet resistance chiefly r A. political reasons economIc reasons

B．prefer winter to summer C．don't like hot places D．are willing to give up a comfortable life ▪ The tone of the passage is one of _____ . A．complaint B．despair C.persuasion D.criticism ▪ Passage 5 Increasingly, the development of tourism is seen to have an effect on the environment. Erosion is one problem. The steps and stones of major popular sites like Shakespeare's birthplace or Stonehenge are literally being worn away by millions of foreign feet. The remedy in the case of Britain's best known prehistoric monument has been to use railings to keep visitors at a distance. Such measures can hardly be adopted in the house of the Bard, however, where tourists want to enter the actual building. Overcrowding in cities, towns and villages is another problem. Traffic jams are an outcome. In narrow roads, tourist vehicles cause congestion. Local traders and residents cannot get around to do their work. Car parks fill up, so strangers park their cars where they can;in streets, across gateways, in lay bys, or even in private driveways. This causes obstruction. The sheer weights of incomers can be a hazard.Thus Venice, a city built for half a million inhabitants, is swollen by another half million who populate the city daily in the tourist season eight million visits each year.The mayor recently decided to limit visitors to 90 000 a day: the only way to save the city from inundation. Pollution is a further consequence. The Lakes are popular for people who enjoy watersports, such as waterskiing , power boat racing and swimming, but boats pump sewage directly into the water. Facilities can be provided to prevent this happening, but this is costly. There are also problems with litter. The threat to wildlife habitats is yet another result. Tourists around the Lakes destroy vegetation. This is harmful to animals which build their nests along the shores. Wildlife refuges have been created which have helped protect these natural sites. On the Greek island of Zakinthos, the breeding beaches of the rare loggerhead turtle are being threatened by tourist disturbance. Local conservationists try to monitor and protect the turtles but they have been attacked by the angry owners of taverns and hotels who make lucrative profits from bars or renting sunbeds and umbrellas. Government compensation payments for the loss of business might be the anwser,but this would be costly. 67. Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A．The development of tourism has brought about environmental problems. B．Tourism should not develop at the cost of the environmental destruction. C．Measures taken to protect the environment prove to be ineffective. D．Tourism is developing for the sole purpose of making money. ▪ As a result of overdevelopment of tourism, Venice _____ . A．is overcrowded with cars B．is overloaded C．is worn away D．is badly polluted ▪ Paragraph 3 points out that the Lakes _____ ． A．have too many boats on them B．are overcrowded on the beaches C．are polluted by wastes D．are no longer attractive ▪ On the island of Zakinthos, measures to protect the turtles meet resistance chiefly for _____ ． A．political reasons B．economic reasons

C. environmental reasons D. developmental reasons art Iv English-Chinese Translation Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese (15 points The sudden upthrust of warm, moist air into the terrible cold of the frozen heights is what creates thunder. The sudden stronger rubbing together or two unlike forces (very warm air against very cold air) develops a kind of electricity called "static electricity". Its charges produce lightning and thunder. (71) Thus the violence of the thunderstorm is an almost d them, rolling over them, melting them, or being fro zen by them into snow or hail Exactly how the electric charge is developed by the many and complex forces of this battle of heat and cold is still a matter of opinion. Some scientists think the action of wind against the rain is the principal factor. (72) These scientists believe the wind tears off the oute surface of each falling drops, like pulling a sweater over a child s head, making a fine nagative charge while leaving the main part of the raindrop positive. Other scientists believe that the friction of snow crystals breaking in the wind sets up the electrical charge. In reality it ma well be all these factors -and more-that combine to do the work (73) In any case, huge masses of electrically charged raindrops and hailstones becom es of electrical energy at different parts of th them fields of very great extremes. When the resistance between these fields breaks down, the energy that is suddenly discharged is lightning. I do not know of any case of lightning directly causing an airplane accident, cattle and sheep are more likely to be struck by lightning than are airplanes or houses. There is a recorded case that occurred on a mountainside in the western part of the United States in which one bolt of lightning killed 835 sheep. (74) Evidently the hard, dry earth offered more resistance to the lightning than the route of traveling from the ground, up one leg of an animal, through its moist. A person s chances of being killed by a thunderstorm are not very great. In the United States an average of one person in 265000 dies as a result of a thunders torm. Today s houses, ships airplanes, and electric power lines are well protected against lightning, and the risk is decreasing. Even a man whose work exposes him almost daily to lightning can do something about it.(75) Despite the saying that one never knows if lightning strikes him, aperson can sometim eel the bolt coming and, if quick enough, take protective action in tim Part V Writing (15 points) Directions Look at the following table and analyze what types of library materials are needed by different people. Materials used at public library Academic Researc ideo Audio Number of Books Materials apes Tapes Users % Interviewed otal (770) ex 78 63 61 56 (384 Female 57 44 (386) ears 25-3487666746108(20n

C．environmental reasons D．developmental reasons ▪ Part IV English-Chinese Translation Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese（15 points） The sudden upthrust of warm，moist air into the terrible cold of the frozen heights is what creates thunder.The sudden stronger rubbing together or two unlike forces（very warm air against very cold air）develops a kind of electricity called“static electricity”.Its charges produce lightning and thunder.（71） Thus the violence of the thunderstorm is an almost direct result of millions of warm water drops being thrown into compatable masses of ice crystals-hitting them，rolling over them，melting them，or being frozen by them into snow or hail. Exactly how the electric charge is developed by the many and complex forces of this battle of heat and cold is still a matter of opinion.Some scientists think the action of wind against the rain is the principal factor.（72） These scientists believe the wind tears off the outer surface of each falling drops，like pulling a sweater over a child's head，making a fine nagative charge while leaving the main part of the raindrop positive. Other scientists believe that the friction of snow crystals breaking in the wind sets up the electrical charge.In reality it may well be all these factors-and more-that combine to do the work. （73） In any case，huge masses of electrically charged raindrops and hailstones become sorted into positive and negative reserves of electrical energy at different parts of the thundercloud，creating between them fields of very great extremes. When the resistance between these fields breaks down，the energy that is suddenly discharged is lightning. I do not know of any case of lightning directly causing an airplane accident，Cattle and sheep are more likely to be struck by lightning than are airplanes or houses.There is a recorded case that occurred on a mountainside in the western part of the United States in which one bolt of lightning killed 835 sheep.（74） Evidently the hard，dry earth offered more resistance to the lightning than the route of traveling from the ground，up one leg of an animal，through its moist body，and down another leg. A person's chances of being killed by a thunderstorm are not very great.In the United States an average of one person in 265000 dies as a result of a thunderstorm.Today's houses，ships， airplanes，and electric power lines are well protected against lightning，and the risk is decreasing.Even a man whose work exposes him almost daily to lightning can do something about it.（75） Despite the saying that one never knows if lightning strikes him，a person can sometimes feel the bolt coming and，if quick enough，take protective action in time. Part V Writing (15 points) Directions: Look at the following table and analyze what types of library materials are needed by different people. Materials used at public library Academic Books % Research Materials % Magzines % Newspapers % Novels % Video Tapes % Audio Tapes % Number of Users Interviewed Total 8 0 6 1 5 9 5 0 4 8 8 7 (770) Sex Male 7 8 6 3 6 1 5 6 4 0 9 8 (384) Female 8 3 5 9 5 7 4 4 5 5 7 6 (386) Age 18-24 years 7 9 7 0 7 3 5 7 5 8 1 2 9 (158) 25-34 8 7 6 6 6 5 5 7 4 6 1 0 8 (207)