上海交通大学：SCM供应链管理 Supply Chain Managment》课程教学资料_homework_sol1.pdf_大学文库

Homework 1 solution: Question 1:skip Question 2: (a)The two supply network designs that the distributor can propose to counter the manufacturer's proposal are the distributor storage with package carrier delivery and the distributor storage with last mile delivery.Both of these counter-proposals offer higher order visibility for the customer while having simpler information infrastructure than with manufacturer storage.The response time for both is excellent,and the customer experience is also superior to the direct model.If the manufacturer is trying to provide excellent customer service,the increased costs in transportation and potentially higher levels of inventory may be acceptable tradeoffs (b)Amazon's greatest e-business advantage comes from book sales;they are able to list millions of book titles that a physical store cannot possibly carry on their shelves.Cost advantages for Amazon are few and far between;the item price to shipping cost ratio for books,music,and software is not as high as most consumers would prefer.Amazon certainly has no cost advantage with music and software.Both are readily sold over the Internet;it would behoove Amazon to partner with another Seattle-area company to make this the norm.Electronics, hardware,and even toys are products that most consumers would like to experience before making a selection.Any cost advantage Amazon might have in these sectors may be overshadowed by an inability to hold the item on-line. Question 3: (a) Starting from the basic models in(a),we will build more advanced models in the subsequent parts of this question.Prior to merger,Sleekfon and Sturdyfon operate independently,and so we need to build separate models for each of them. Optimization model for Sleekfon: n 3:Sleekfon production facilities. m 7:number of regional markets. Dj Annual market size of regional market j Ki maximum possible capacity of production facility i cy Variable cost of producing,transporting and duty from facility i to market j Annual fixed cost of facility i Number of units from facility i to regional market j. It should be integral and non-negative

Homework 1 solution: Question 1: skip Question 2: (a) The two supply network designs that the distributor can propose to counter the manufacturer’s proposal are the distributor storage with package carrier delivery and the distributor storage with last mile delivery. Both of these counter-proposals offer higher order visibility for the customer while having simpler information infrastructure than with manufacturer storage. The response time for both is excellent, and the customer experience is also superior to the direct model. If the manufacturer is trying to provide excellent customer service, the increased costs in transportation and potentially higher levels of inventory may be acceptable tradeoffs. (b) Amazon’s greatest e-business advantage comes from book sales; they are able to list millions of book titles that a physical store cannot possibly carry on their shelves. Cost advantages for Amazon are few and far between; the item price to shipping cost ratio for books, music, and software is not as high as most consumers would prefer. Amazon certainly has no cost advantage with music and software. Both are readily sold over the Internet; it would behoove Amazon to partner with another Seattle-area company to make this the norm. Electronics, hardware, and even toys are products that most consumers would like to experience before making a selection. Any cost advantage Amazon might have in these sectors may be overshadowed by an inability to hold the item on-line. Question 3: (a) Starting from the basic models in (a), we will build more advanced models in the subsequent parts of this question. Prior to merger, Sleekfon and Sturdyfon operate independently, and so we need to build separate models for each of them. Optimization model for Sleekfon: n = 3: Sleekfon production facilities. m = 7: number of regional markets. Dj = Annual market size of regional market j Ki = maximum possible capacity of production facility i cij = Variable cost of producing, transporting and duty from facility i to market j fi = Annual fixed cost of facility i xij = Number of units from facility i to regional market j. It should be integral and non-negative

Ki =capacity of production facility i Li =capacity of production facility if it is scaled back ci=Variable cost of producing,transporting and duty from facility i to market j fi=Annual fixed cost of facility i gi =Annual fixed cost of facility i if it is scaled back hi Shutdown cost of facility i xij=Number of units from facility i to regional market j. It should be integral and non-negative. yi Binary variable indicating whether to scale back facility i.yi=1 means to scale it back,0 otherwise. Since two facilities,Sleekfon S America and Sturdyfon Rest of Asia,can not be scaled back, the index i doesn't include these two facilities. zi=Binary variable indicating whether to shutdown facility i.zi=1 means to shutdown it,0 otherwise. (1-yi-zi)would be the binary variable indicating whether the facility is unaffected. Min 2U0--)+gy+h=)+22c, Subject to 立，=D,rj=l,m (5.1) 2,≤K0-y-+Xari=ln (5.2) is 1-y-3,≥0fori=l,n (5.3) y,are binary for i=1,....n (5.4) Please note that we need to calculate the variable cost cy before we plug it into the optimization model.Variable cost ci is calculated as following: ci=production cost per unit at facility i+transportation cost per unit from facility i to market j+ duty*(production cost per unit at facility i+transportation cost per unit from facility i to market j fixed cost per unit of capacity) And we also need to prepare fixed cost data for the two new scenarios:shutdown and scale back. As explained in the problem description,fixed cost for a scaled back facility is 70%of the original one;and it costs 20%of the original annual fixed cost to shutdown it. Above model gives optimal solution as summarized in the following table.The lowest cost possible in this model is $988.93,much lower than the result we got in(b)$1066.82.As shown in the result,the Sleekfon N.America facility is shutdown,and the market is mainly served by Sturdyfon N.America facility.The N.America market share is 22,and there are 40 in terms of production capacity,hence it is wise to shutdown one facility whichever is more expensive

Ki =capacity of production facility i Li =capacity of production facility if it is scaled back cij = Variable cost of producing, transporting and duty from facility i to market j fi = Annual fixed cost of facility i gi = Annual fixed cost of facility i if it is scaled back hi = Shutdown cost of facility i xij = Number of units from facility i to regional market j. It should be integral and non-negative. yi = Binary variable indicating whether to scale back facility i. yi = 1 means to scale it back, 0 otherwise. Since two facilities, Sleekfon S America and Sturdyfon Rest of Asia, can not be scaled back, the index i doesn’t include these two facilities. zi = Binary variable indicating whether to shutdown facility i. zi =1 means to shutdown it, 0 otherwise. (1-yi –zi) would be the binary variable indicating whether the facility is unaffected. 1 1 1 1 1 ( (1 ) ) Subject to 1,..., (5.1) (1 ) 1,..., (5.2) 1 0 1,..., n n m i i i i i i i ij ij i i j n ij j i m ij i i i i i j i i Min f y z g y h z c x x D for j m x K y z L y for i n y z for i n                          (5.3) , 1,..., (5.4) i i y z are binary for i n  Please note that we need to calculate the variable cost cij before we plug it into the optimization model. Variable cost cij is calculated as following: cij = production cost per unit at facility i + transportation cost per unit from facility i to market j + duty*( production cost per unit at facility i + transportation cost per unit from facility i to market j + fixed cost per unit of capacity) And we also need to prepare fixed cost data for the two new scenarios: shutdown and scale back. As explained in the problem description, fixed cost for a scaled back facility is 70% of the original one; and it costs 20% of the original annual fixed cost to shutdown it. Above model gives optimal solution as summarized in the following table. The lowest cost possible in this model is $988.93, much lower than the result we got in (b) $1066.82. As shown in the result, the Sleekfon N.America facility is shutdown, and the market is mainly served by Sturdyfon N.America facility. The N.America market share is 22, and there are 40 in terms of production capacity, hence it is wise to shutdown one facility whichever is more expensive