Gary Dessler Human Resource Management,8th Edition Chapter Fifteen Employee Safety and Health
中华管理学习网www.100guanli.com Gary Dessler Human Resource Management, 8th Edition Chapter Fifteen Employee Safety and Health
What Causes Accidents? There are three basic causes of workplace accidents: Chance occurrences Unsafe conditions Unsafe acts on the part of employees 中华管理学习网ww100 guanli.com
中华管理学习网www.100guanli.com What Causes Accidents? There are three basic causes of workplace accidents: Chance occurrences Unsafe conditions Unsafe acts on the part of employees 4
-Unsafe Conditions as Causes of Accidents Unsafe conditions include such factors as: Improperly guarded equipment Defective equipment Hazardous procedures in,on,or around machines or equipment Unsafe storage-congestion,overloading Improper illumination-glare,insufficient light Improper ventilation-insufficient air change, impure air source 中华管理学习网ww100 guanli.com 5
中华管理学习网www.100guanli.com Unsafe Conditions as Causes of Accidents Unsafe conditions include such factors as: Improperly guarded equipment Defective equipment Hazardous procedures in, on, or around machines or equipment Unsafe storage—congestion, overloading Improper illumination —glare, insufficient light Improper ventilation —insufficient air change, impure air source 5
What Causes Unsafe Acts Throwing materials Operating or working at unsafe speeds-either too fast or too slow Making safety devices inoperative by removing, adjusting,or disconnecting them Using unsafe procedures in loading,placing, mixing,or combining Lifting improperly Distracting,teasing,abusing,startling, quarreling,and horseplay 中华管理学习网ww100 guanli.com 6
中华管理学习网www.100guanli.com What Causes Unsafe Acts Throwing materials Operating or working at unsafe speeds—either too fast or too slow Making safety devices inoperative by removing, adjusting, or disconnecting them Using unsafe procedures in loading, placing, mixing, or combining Lifting improperly Distracting, teasing, abusing, startling, quarreling, and horseplay 6
How Personal Factors Mvay Influence Employee Accident Behavior Types of Incidence of Personal Predisposing Behaviors Behavior Characteristics Specific Accident in Specific Tendencies Circumstances Behavior Personality Undesirable Inattention Attitudes Forgetfulness Intelligence and Habits Misperception Probability Failure to Follow Motivation Rate of Lack of Specific Procedures Individual's Sensory Skills Abilities Inadequate Accident Performance Motor Skills Behaviors Tendency to Assuming Experience,etc. Assume Risk,etc. Excessive Risk,etc. 中华管理学习网www100 guanli.com
中华管理学习网www.100guanli.com How Personal Factors May Influence Employee Accident Behavior Personal Characteristics Predisposing Behavior Tendencies Types of Behaviors in Specific Circumstances Incidence of Specific Accident Behavior Undesirable Attitudes and Habits Lack of Specific Abilities Tendency to Assume Risk, etc. Inattention Forgetfulness Misperception Failure to Follow Procedures Inadequate Performance Assuming Excessive Risk, etc. Probability Rate of Individual’s Accident Behaviors Personality Intelligence Motivation Sensory Skills Motor Skills Experience, etc. 7
How to Prevent Accidents In practice,accident prevention boils down to two basic activities: Reducing unsafe conditions Reducing unsafe acts 中华管理学习网w100 guanli.com 8
中华管理学习网www.100guanli.com How to Prevent Accidents In practice, accident prevention boils down to two basic activities: Reducing unsafe conditions Reducing unsafe acts 8
Reaucing Unsare Acts Through Selection and Placement Factors that might be related to accidents on specific jobs: Emotional stability and personality Muscular coordination Visual skills Employee reliability 中华管理学习网ww100 guanli.com 9
中华管理学习网www.100guanli.com Reducing Unsafe Acts Through Selection and Placement Factors that might be related to accidents on specific jobs: Emotional stability and personality Muscular coordination Visual skills Employee reliability 9
Emphasize Safety Praise employees when they choose safe behaviors;listen when em ployees offer suggestions,concerns,or com plaints. Be a good example,for instance,by following every safety rule and procedure. Continuously improve and simplify plant safety,for instance by removing hazards where possible. Visit plant areas regularly. Maintain open safety communications,for instance by telling em ployees as much as possible about safety activities such as testing alarms and changing safety equipment or procedures. Link managers'bonuses to safety improvements. 中华管理学习网ww.100 guanli.com 10
中华管理学习网www.100guanli.com Emphasize Safety Praise employees when they choose safe behaviors; listen when employees offer suggestions, concerns, or complaints. Be a good example, for instance, by following every safety rule and procedure. Continuously improve and simplify plant safety, for instance by removing hazards where possible. Visit plant areas regularly. Maintain open safety communications, for instance by telling employees as much as possible about safety activities such as testing alarms and changing safety equipment or procedures. Link managers’ bonuses to safety improvements. 10
Steps That May be Taken to Reduce Workplace Stress Allow employees to talk freely with one another and to consult with colleagues about work issues. Reduce personal conflicts on the job. Ensure adequate staffing and expense budgets. Have open communication between management and employees. Support employee's efforts,for instance,by regularly asking how they are doing. Provide competitive personal leave and vacation benefits. Maintain current levels of employee benefits,because benefits reductions lead to stress. Reduce the amount of red tape for employees. Recognize and reward employees for their accomplishments and contributions. Ensure effective job fit,since stress overload can result when workers are mis- matched with jobs.Similarly,giving employees more control over their jobs can also mediate the effects of job stress. Provide employee assistance programs including professional counseling help. 中华管理学习网ww100 guanli.com 11
中华管理学习网www.100guanli.com Steps That May be Taken to Reduce Workplace Stress Allow employees to talk freely with one another and to consult with colleagues about work issues. Reduce personal conflicts on the job. Ensure adequate staffing and expense budgets. Have open communication between management and employees. Support employee’s efforts, for instance, by regularly asking how they are doing. Provide competitive personal leave and vacation benefits. Maintain current levels of employee benefits, because benefits reductions lead to stress. Reduce the amount of red tape for employees. Recognize and reward employees for their accomplishments and contributions. Ensure effective job fit, since stress overload can result when workers are mismatched with jobs. Similarly, giving employees more control over their jobs can also mediate the effects of job stress. Provide employee assistance programs including professional counseling help. 11