Earth Trends Data Tables. Water resources and fisheries Coastal and Marine Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Ecosystems, Freshwater Resources Inland and Marine Fisheries Production Trade in Fish and apta Total (m per 器础器器3磁磷磷号 8286763,79941212 1036 596 20 714,204.2786.3 em People s Rep 186 458 ,6199 176928 73161,183 Nepal 55171 126678952 Viet Nam 1,030.7 388,95 20 4 102.0342241585261618412 47.157220 netherlands 38283,919 2-3408元7 题152181101 40222 Russian Federation 76.752718 196481536116 1564 885333.91,437 erbia and Montenegro 17419, 30 8 kraine t& N. Africa 22 7814 Iran, Islamic Rep 10202 量 17378289 6 arian Arab Rep ted Arab emirate 0
Water Resources and Fisheries Number of Dom- 1990- 2000- 1990- 2000- Fishers estic 1992 2002 1992 2002 Imports Exports 2000 World .. 8,549 3,802.3 633 70 20 10 84,529.0 93,650.8 d 14,074.7 d 37,694.7 d 60,312.2 56,520.1 34,501,411 15 Asia (excl. Middle East) .. 4,079 2,147.5 631 81 12 7 34,528.9 44,189.1 11,745.9 33,275.1 22,301.9 19,051.0 28,890,352 .. Armenia 11 3,450 3.0 949 66 4 30 2.2 0.8 3.4 1.1 3.0 0.7 244 1 Azerbaijan 30 3,585 17.2 2,114 68 28 5 36.1 13.7 1.7 0.2 1.6 2.2 1,500 1 Bangladesh 1,211 8,089 79.4 576 96 1 3 684.2 1,058.8 210.1 718.8 6.2 e 328.3 e 1,320,480 52 Bhutan 95 40,860 0.4 204 95 1 4 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 .. .. 450 .. Cambodia 476 32,876 4.1 311 98 1 2 106.3 372.9 7.2 14.3 3.2 27.9 73,425 57 China 2,830 2,206 630.3 494 68 26 7 7,449.7 16,690.0 7,206.8 26,132.7 1,927.0 4,029.1 12,233,128 19 Georgia 63 12,481 3.6 685 59 21 20 66.9 2.2 1.4 0.1 1.4 0.3 1,900 1 India 1,897 1,754 645.8 635 86 5 8 2,867.6 3,799.4 1,212.6 2,084.6 23.1 1,351.8 5,958,744 14 Indonesia 2,838 12,749 82.8 391 91 1 8 2,704.3 4,300.8 522.6 855.6 88.2 1,536.6 5,118,571 57 Japan 430 3,365 88.4 696 62 18 20 8,598.8 4,715.7 808.7 797.7 14,204.2 786.3 260,200 45 Kazakhstan 110 7,116 35.0 2,238 82 17 2 70.7 27.7 8.7 0.7 16.5 15.2 16,000 2 Korea, Dem People's Rep 77 3,387 9.0 405 55 25 20 406.0 208.1 56.7 64.7 25.8 138.2 129,000 27 Korea, Rep 70 1,454 18.6 397 48 16 36 2,321.9 1,828.6 364.9 294.9 1,619.9 1,195.9 176,928 40 Kyrgyzstan 21 3,952 10.1 2,048 94 3 3 0.3 0.1 0.9 0.1 1.4 0.0 154 1 Lao People's Dem Rep 334 57,638 3.0 567 90 6 4 18.6 31.2 10.4 50.6 2.0 0.1 15,000 40 Malaysia 580 23,316 9.0 392 62 21 17 966.3 1,270.6 65.8 158.4 335.9 359.6 100,666 38 Mongolia 35 13,232 0.4 178 52 28 20 0.1 0.2 .. .. 0.4 0.1 0 0 Myanmar 1,046 20,870 33.2 699 98 1 1 731.6 1,183.1 14.0 113.8 1.4 210.4 610,000 46 Nepal 210 8,171 10.2 433 96 1 3 5.5 17.1 10.1 16.2 0.3 0.0 50,000 4 Pakistan 223 1,415 169.4 1,187 96 2 2 504.0 604.7 11.8 13.8 0.3 136.7 272,273 3 Philippines 479 5,884 28.5 377 74 9 17 1,875.4 1,961.2 391.8 423.9 89.0 396.4 990,872 39 Singapore 1 139 .. .. .. .. .. 10.6 3.8 2.1 4.9 509.8 380.0 364 .. Sri Lanka 50 2,602 12.6 678 95 2 2 185.9 290.9 5.5 9.3 73.2 106.3 146,188 51 Tajikistan 16 2,537 12.0 1,965 92 5 4 0.2 0.1 3.1 0.1 0.2 .. 200 0 Thailand 410 6,459 87.1 1,429 95 2 2 2,664.2 2,950.3 338.7 702.4 947.7 4,027.6 354,495 40 Turkmenistan 25 5,004 24.6 5,308 98 1 2 38.4 12.6 2.2 0.0 0.2 0.3 611 3 Uzbekistan 50 1,904 58.3 2,342 93 2 5 5.8 3.2 21.7 4.8 1.8 0.1 4,800 0 Viet Nam 891 10,805 71.4 914 68 24 8 826.1 1,483.0 164.4 515.9 44.9 1,764.2 1,000,000 29 Europe .. 10,655 400.3 581 33 52 15 19,025.1 15,773.3 1,470.1 2,064.1 23,051.7 19,356.0 855,333 12 Albania 42 13,056 1.7 551 62 11 27 5.3 3.5 2.1 0.5 6.5 7.0 1,590 2 Austria 78 9,569 2.1 261 1 64 35 0.5 0.4 3.1 2.5 177.6 11.9 2,300 4 Belarus 58 5,887 2.8 278 30 46 23 1.8 2.4 13.3 6.1 91.6 18.3 5,000 8 Belgium 18 1,770 .. .. .. .. .. 39.5 29.7 0.8 1.7 1,030.7 520.2 544 .. Bosnia and Herzegovina 38 8,958 .. .. .. .. .. 2.0 2.5 .. 4.7 15.6 0.2 3,500 4 Bulgaria 21 2,721 10.5 1,296 19 78 3 41.1 9.5 7.9 3.0 14.7 5.8 1,483 2 Croatia 106 23,890 .. .. .. .. .. 26.7 20.3 6.8 8.4 62.4 62.5 65,151 9 Czech Rep 13 1,286 2.6 250 2 57 41 .. 4.8 .. 19.6 84.0 31.0 2,243 5 Denmark 6 1,116 1.3 238 42 26 32 1,726.9 1,495.5 42.4 39.1 1,781.8 2,762.9 6,711 10 Estonia 13 9,794 0.2 120 5 39 56 266.6 106.6 1.0 0.3 45.7 112.0 13,346 13 Finland 110 21,093 2.5 479 3 84 14 140.6 150.5 18.6 15.4 129.6 15.3 5,879 14 France 204 3,371 40.0 674 10 74 16 595.1 620.3 250.6 256.0 3,082.0 1,067.7 26,113 9 Germany 154 1,866 47.1 572 20 68 12 259.7 213.8 78.6 56.4 2,343.5 1,098.0 4,358 6 Greece 74 6,764 7.8 712 81 3 16 141.2 94.2 14.1 93.6 319.2 221.3 19,847 11 Hungary 104 10,579 7.6 763 32 59 9 11.1 6.8 15.4 12.5 48.3 5.1 4,900 2 Iceland 170 582,192 0.2 543 0 66 34 1,375.8 2,031.0 2.7 3.9 65.2 1,309.5 6,100 29 Ireland 52 13,003 1.1 296 0 77 23 232.9 305.0 27.2 58.3 121.5 407.7 8,478 6 Italy 191 3,336 44.4 771 45 37 18 391.4 295.4 161.4 205.3 2,719.2 392.7 48,770 11 Latvia 35 15,507 0.3 124 12 33 55 341.4 126.1 1.9 0.4 43.5 93.0 6,571 7 Lithuania 25 7,276 0.3 76 7 15 78 330.3 127.0 4.5 1.9 78.5 57.4 4,700 27 Macedonia, FYR 6 .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.2 0.2 1.0 1.3 6.7 0.1 8,472 3 Moldova, Rep 12 .. 2.3 539 33 58 9 0.9 0.4 5.1 1.3 7.3 0.2 40 8 Netherlands 91 5,608 7.9 500 34 60 6 415.5 492.7 68.9 62.3 1,241.8 1,522.5 3,743 11 Norway 382 83,919 2.2 489 10 67 23 2,015.3 2,710.0 147.5 518.6 627.9 3,488.7 23,552 26 Poland 62 1,598 16.2 419 8 79 13 452.9 221.7 28.7 34.7 334.0 247.2 8,640 12 Portugal 69 6,821 11.3 1,125 78 12 10 310.3 192.9 5.9 8.1 914.3 284.2 25,021 21 Romania 212 9,512 23.2 1,031 57 34 9 86.3 7.3 29.7 9.9 38.8 2.4 8,519 2 Russian Federation 4,507 31,653 76.7 527 18 63 19 6,481.5 3,611.6 156.4 88.5 333.9 1,437.9 316,300 13 Serbia and Montenegro 209 .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.0 1.2 2.3 2.7 35.1 0.3 1,429 1 Slovakia 50 9,266 .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.5 .. 0.9 34.7 2.0 215 5 Slovenia 32 16,080 .. .. .. .. .. 3.9 1.8 0.9 1.2 28.7 6.0 231 4 Spain 112 2,711 35.6 874 68 19 13 1,086.7 1,006.9 199.2 296.2 3,640.0 1,777.8 75,434 18 Sweden 174 19,581 3.0 335 9 54 37 265.2 315.1 8.1 5.7 748.4 522.7 2,783 14 Switzerland 54 7,468 2.6 359 2 74 24 3.2 1.6 1.2 1.1 358.3 3.1 522 7 Ukraine 140 2,898 37.5 755 52 35 12 667.0 339.4 67.7 30.9 101.1 31.7 120,000 13 United Kingdom 147 2,474 9.5 163 3 75 22 788.0 726.2 55.9 167.3 2,249.4 1,305.9 17,847 10 Middle East & N. Africa .. 1,505 324.6 807 86 6 8 2,096.7 3,048.9 117.7 525.5 827.6 1,354.7 746,955 10 Afghanistan 65 2,608 23.3 1,087 98 0 2 1.1 0.9 .. .. .. .. 1,500 .. Algeria 14 443 6.1 201 65 13 22 88.5 127.0 0.2 0.4 11.9 5.0 26,151 6 Egypt 58 794 68.7 1,013 78 14 8 272.6 412.7 62.5 353.1 147.1 1.6 250,000 23 Iran, Islamic Rep 138 1,970 72.9 1,097 91 2 7 267.7 348.4 23.1 60.0 30.9 f 48.1 f 138,965 7 Iraq 75 2,917 42.7 1,839 92 5 3 18.1 16.8 2.7 1.7 0.1 0.0 12,000 .. Israel 2 255 2.0 338 63 7 31 6.7 5.2 14.0 21.2 135.9 7.5 1,535 7 Jordan 1 157 1.0 202 75 4 21 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.5 25.5 1.2 721 6 Kuwait 0 8 0.4 198 52 3 45 4.8 5.9 0.0 0.3 16.7 3.6 670 6 Lebanon 4 1,189 1.4 394 67 1 33 1.6 3.8 0.1 0.5 48.3 0.2 9,825 8 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 1 106 4.8 919 89 3 8 26.5 33.4 0.1 0.1 9.8 10.1 9,500 9 Morocco 29 934 12.8 438 90 2 8 571.9 958.5 0.6 1.6 10.4 913.4 106,096 17 Oman 1 337 1.4 518 91 2 7 115.2 131.0 0.0 0.0 8.1 62.0 28,003 .. Saudi Arabia 2 96 17.3 782 89 1 10 42.3 51.4 2.2 7.0 123.2 9.8 25,360 6 Syrian Arab Rep 26 1,441 19.9 1,205 95 2 3 4.0 8.0 3.7 6.2 56.5 0.0 11,292 3 Tunisia 5 459 2.7 286 82 2 16 86.7 96.9 0.9 1.8 16.3 88.8 50,815 13 Turkey 229 3,171 37.5 550 74 11 15 394.5 532.6 7.6 69.1 37.1 93.7 33,614 11 United Arab Emirates 0 49 2.3 818 68 9 23 94.2 105.2 0.0 0.0 98.3 52.9 15,543 12 Yemen 4 198 6.6 368 95 1 4 79.8 138.7 .. .. 5.9 38.0 12,200 16 Fish Protein as 2002 a Percent of Animal Protein Supply Inland and Marine Fisheries Production Annual Water Withdrawals Per (thousand metric tons) {c} Capture Aquaculture person) AgriTrade in Fish and Fisheries Products (million $US) {c} Indusculture try Total (km3 ) 2000 (m3 per person) Total (km3 ) 2000-2002 2000 Actual Resources {a} Withdrawals by 2000 {b} Renewable Water Per Capita Capita (m3 per Sector (percent), EarthTrends Data Tables: Coastal and Marine Ecosystems, Freshwater Resources Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1
Water resources and fisheries Inland and Marine Fisheries Production Trade in Fish and apta Total (m per urkina Faso African Rep 4436,912 4382440 020401 19018910 16 0215334609 uinea-Bis5au 21201651870 00 点是 34838895 19601 334.6 2,710 01524120 ania, United Rep 03341545216 48 103(021602-a“61122-108721m74 dominican Rep 21 Jamaica Trinidad and Tobago 03237 1915272416. 212411361 2105—62108B1612305 22967卫 186000—1851040222 in 2004, they are long-term averages originating from multiple sources and years. For more information, please consult the original source 32.640.482. the range of years specified. d. world totals ted by WRI. e. Year ending 30 June. f Year beginni
Water Resources and Fisheries Number of Dom- 1990- 2000- 1990- 2000- Fishers estic 1992 2002 1992 2002 Imports Exports 2000 Sub-Saharan Africa .. 6,322 113.4 173 88 4 9 4,126.4 5,159.6 25.4 63.1 812.1 1,862.1 1,995,694 20 Angola 184 13,070 0.3 28 61 16 22 121.3 250.6 .. .. 17.5 22.4 30,364 34 Benin 25 3,585 0.3 40 74 11 15 35.3 37.1 .. 0.0 7.2 2.3 61,793 21 Botswana 14 8,022 0.1 81 43 19 38 1.0 0.1 .. .. 6.9 0.0 2,620 3 Burkina Faso 13 933 0.8 66 88 0 11 7.2 8.5 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.1 8,300 8 Burundi 4 509 0.2 37 82 1 17 20.8 11.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 7,030 17 Cameroon 286 17,520 1.0 65 74 8 18 70.7 114.4 0.1 0.2 23.7 0.5 24,500 34 Central African Rep 144 36,912 0.0 6 4 19 77 13.2 15.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 5,410 9 Chad 43 4,857 0.2 30 80 1 19 70.0 84.0 .. .. 0.3 0.0 300,000 15 Congo 832 217,915 0.0 11 10 30 59 44.4 43.3 0.2 0.2 19.2 2.2 10,500 43 Congo, Dem Rep 1,283 .. 0.4 7 31 16 52 171.7 214.6 0.7 2.6 33.5 0.4 108,400 43 Côte d'Ivoire 81 4,794 0.9 59 65 12 23 88.3 76.4 0.2 1.0 154.3 125.7 19,707 .. Equatorial Guinea 26 51,282 0.1 232 1 16 83 3.6 3.5 .. .. 4.2 0.7 9,218 .. Eritrea 6 1,466 0.3 82 95 1 4 .. 9.9 .. .. 0.2 1.3 14,500 11 Ethiopia 110 1,519 2.6 40 93 6 1 4.6 14.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 6,272 2 Gabon 164 121,392 0.1 102 40 11 48 22.0 43.7 0.0 0.2 12.4 13.5 8,258 33 Gambia 8 5,472 0.0 24 67 11 22 21.5 36.4 0.0 0.0 0.7 2.8 2,000 61 Ghana 53 2,489 0.5 27 48 15 37 393.9 423.6 0.4 5.7 100.4 74.8 230,000 64 Guinea 226 26,218 1.5 187 90 2 8 49.5 100.2 0.0 0.0 6.6 2.0 10,707 43 Guinea-Bissau 31 20,156 0.1 81 91 1 9 5.2 5.0 .. .. 0.2 4.4 2,500 6 Kenya 30 932 1.6 52 64 6 30 187.2 174.9 1.2 0.8 4.2 37.8 59,565 8 Lesotho 3 1,678 0.1 30 19 41 40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. 60 0 Liberia 232 66,533 0.1 36 56 15 28 8.3 11.5 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.1 5,143 26 Madagascar 337 18,826 15.0 937 96 2 3 102.3 136.4 0.7 7.7 10.0 106.9 83,310 17 Malawi 17 1,401 1.0 88 81 5 15 68.9 41.6 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.2 42,922 26 Mali 100 7,458 6.9 582 99 0 1 69.3 103.3 0.0 0.5 1.8 0.4 70,000 13 Mauritania 11 3,826 1.7 642 88 3 9 66.6 81.5 .. .. 1.0 99.0 7,944 9 Mozambique 216 11,266 0.6 36 87 2 11 32.5 34.8 0.0 0.2 7.6 98.9 20,000 17 Namibia 18 8,921 0.3 142 63 5 33 374.6 587.4 0.0 0.1 16.5 334.6 2,700 14 Niger 34 2,710 2.2 204 95 1 4 3.0 20.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 2.4 7,983 3 Nigeria 286 2,252 8.0 70 69 10 21 287.5 458.2 13.3 26.9 197.6 17.6 481,264 29 Rwanda 5 613 0.1 10 39 14 48 3.2 6.9 0.1 0.4 0.1 .. 5,690 8 Senegal 39 3,811 1.6 169 90 4 6 334.9 393.7 0.0 0.1 1.0 245.5 55,547 44 Sierra Leone 160 30,960 0.4 86 93 2 5 63.6 77.6 0.0 0.0 4.1 13.7 17,990 61 Somalia 14 1,309 3.3 378 100 0 0 24.1 19.4 .. .. 0.1 3.1 18,900 .. South Africa 50 1,106 15.3 348 73 10 17 574.4 720.0 4.3 4.1 56.1 291.1 10,500 9 Sudan 65 1,879 37.3 1,187 97 1 3 33.2 56.3 0.2 1.2 0.6 0.3 27,700 2 Tanzania, United Rep 91 2,416 2.0 57 93 1 6 357.1 331.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 107.4 92,529 27 Togo 15 2,930 0.2 36 47 8 45 13.0 22.1 0.1 0.4 10.9 6.3 14,120 40 Uganda 66 2,472 0.3 13 39 15 45 241.6 220.7 0.1 2.7 0.1 54.8 57,862 23 Zambia 105 9,630 1.7 167 76 8 16 66.4 65.6 2.5 4.2 1.9 0.4 23,833 22 Zimbabwe 20 1,547 2.6 207 86 5 10 23.1 13.0 0.1 2.2 4.9 3.4 1,804 4 North America .. 19,992 525.3 1,663 38 48 14 6,908.1 6,071.6 409.1 628.6 11,651.6 6,345.6 303,784 7 Canada 2,902 91,419 46.0 1,494 12 69 20 1,471.7 1,026.2 44.9 151.0 1,371.2 2,883.9 8,696 10 United States 3,069 10,333 479.3 1,682 41 46 13 5,291.2 4,866.7 364.2 477.5 10,268.5 3,210.5 290,000 6 C. America & Caribbean .. 6,924 100.7 603 75 6 18 1,753.9 1,989.7 50.1 147.4 455.2 1,525.4 446,390 9 Belize 19 71,111 0.1 519 0 89 11 2.3 30.4 0.2 4.2 2.3 18.6 1,872 18 Costa Rica 112 26,447 2.7 681 53 17 29 16.8 34.4 1.6 12.7 25.0 129.9 6,510 4 Cuba 38 3,365 8.2 732 69 12 19 147.0 46.6 9.8 27.0 36.4 86.2 11,865 14 Dominican Rep 21 2,367 3.4 405 66 2 32 16.4 14.2 0.6 2.8 60.7 1.5 9,286 13 El Salvador 25 3,815 1.3 205 59 16 25 10.6 21.0 0.4 0.5 9.2 26.4 24,534 6 Guatemala 111 8,788 2.0 176 80 13 6 6.7 28.6 1.0 5.7 10.5 25.4 17,275 3 Haiti 14 1,663 1.0 123 94 1 5 5.1 5.0 .. .. 5.9 3.6 4,700 9 Honduras 96 13,513 0.9 133 81 11 8 16.5 12.8 4.4 12.4 13.0 72.8 21,000 2 Jamaica 9 3,513 0.4 159 49 17 34 16.0 5.7 3.3 5.1 47.5 8.5 23,465 17 Mexico 457 4,357 78.2 791 77 5 17 1,297.3 1,388.6 24.6 67.9 165.1 659.1 262,401 8 Nicaragua 197 35,142 1.3 256 83 3 14 5.2 24.8 0.1 5.8 6.6 72.6 14,502 8 Panama 148 46,579 0.8 279 28 5 66 155.2 260.2 3.7 3.1 14.6 304.8 13,062 8 Trinidad and Tobago 4 2,938 0.3 237 6 27 67 12.3 10.6 0.0 0.0 9.2 10.8 7,297 14 South America .. 47,044 164.4 474 68 12 19 15,272.4 16,314.5 198.1 868.6 568.9 5,231.8 784,051 6 Argentina 814 20,941 29.1 784 74 9 16 632.9 928.4 0.4 1.5 58.5 810.7 12,320 4 Bolivia 623 69,378 1.4 167 83 3 13 5.7 5.9 0.3 0.4 6.7 0.0 7,754 3 Brazil 8,233 45,573 59.3 345 62 18 20 762.9 798.6 24.6 210.1 271.3 289.3 290,000 4 Chile 922 57,639 12.5 824 64 25 11 5,851.3 4,122.9 49.5 501.1 49.8 1,867.4 50,873 9 Colombia 2,132 47,469 10.7 254 46 4 50 119.9 131.6 15.6 63.9 74.8 177.4 129,410 5 Ecuador 432 32,747 17.0 1,367 82 5 12 282.1 499.2 100.5 66.2 10.4 651.6 162,870 6 Guyana 241 314,211 1.6 2,163 97 1 2 39.6 50.1 0.1 0.6 2.4 55.9 6,571 38 Paraguay 336 55,833 0.5 89 72 9 20 14.5 25.0 0.1 0.1 1.4 0.1 4,469 4 Peru 1,913 69,395 20.1 776 82 10 8 7,089.7 9,137.2 5.9 8.2 20.9 1,136.1 66,361 25 Suriname 122 277,904 0.7 1,565 93 3 4 8.3 18.4 0.0 0.4 3.5 9.0 3,628 22 Uruguay 139 40,419 3.1 941 96 1 2 120.1 109.0 0.0 0.0 13.9 104.0 4,023 4 Venezuela 1,233 47,122 8.4 345 47 7 45 335.2 430.1 1.3 16.0 55.4 130.4 44,302 .. Oceania .. 54,637 26.2 900 72 10 18 817.5 1,104.2 58.4 122.3 643.2 1,793.6 85,324 9 Australia 492 24,708 23.9 1,250 75 10 15 221.8 193.1 14.4 35.3 529.5 933.5 13,800 7 Fiji 29 33,707 0.1 85 78 11 11 29.1 43.6 0.0 1.7 21.5 38.1 8,985 30 New Zealand 327 83,760 2.1 558 42 9 49 394.8 556.9 42.9 83.0 55.4 671.6 1,928 12 Papua New Guinea 801 137,252 0.1 14 1 43 56 26.4 122.8 0.0 0.0 7.4 68.3 16,000 .. Solomon Islands 45 91,039 .. .. .. .. .. 49.7 28.8 0.0 0.0 0.5 15.0 11,000 76 Developed .. 11,514 1,221.2 956 46 40 14 35,555.2 27,917.4 2,806.4 3,641.1 49,698.5 28,159.2 1,467,401 12 Developing .. 7,762 2,583.9 545 81 11 8 48,719.3 65,694.4 11,281.5 34,059.6 10,704.1 28,378.4 32,640,482 18 a. Although data were obtained from FAO in 2004, they are long-term averages originating from multiple sources and years. For more information, please consult the original source at http://www.fao.org/waicent/faoinfo/agricult/agl/aglw/aquastat/water_res/index.htm. b. Sectoral withdrawal data may not add up to 100 percent because of rounding. c. Figures are three-year averages for the range of years specified. d. World totals were calculated by WRI. e. Year ending 30 June. f. Year beginning 20-23 March. 2000-2002 Fish Protein as (thousand metric tons) {c} Capture Aquaculture Withdrawals by Annual Water Withdrawals Inland and Marine Fisheries Production Actual a Percent of Animal Trade in Fish and Renewable Water Per Resources {a} Sector (percent), Per Capita Total (m3 per 2000 {b} Total (m3 per (km3 ) person) Agri- IndusCapita culture try 2002 Protein Supply Fisheries Products (million $US) {c} (km3 ) person) 2000 2000 2
Technical notes DEFINITIONS AND METHODOLOGY Actual Renewable Water Resources, measured in cubic kilometers per year(km /year). es the maximum theoretical amount of water actually available for each country, although in reality a portion of this water may be inaccessible to humans. Actual renewable water resources are defined as the um of internal renewable resources(IRWR)and external renewable resources(ERWR), taking into consideration the quantity of flow reserved to upstream and downstream countries through formal or informal agreements or treaties and possible reduction of external flow due to upstream water abstraction IRWR include the average annual flow of rivers and the recharge of groundwater(aquifers)generated from endogenous precipitation-the precipitation occurring within a country's borders. ERWR represent the ortion of the country s renewable water resources that is not generated within the country. ERWR include inflows from upstream countries(groundwater and surface water) and a portion of the water of border lakes or rvers Per Capita Actual Renewable Water Resources are measured in cubic meters per person per year (m/person/year) Per capita actual water resources were calculated by WRI using population data from the United Nations Population Division for the year 2004 Annual Water Withdrawals, measured in cubic kilometers per year, is the gross amount of water extracted from any source, either permanently or temporarily, for a given use. It can be either diverted towards distribution networks or directly used. It includes consumptive use, conveyance losses, and return flow. Total vater withdrawal is the sum of estimated water use by the agricultural, domestic, and industrial sectors. It does not include precipitation Per Capita Annual Withdrawals were calculated by WRI using national population data from the UN Population Division for the year 2000 Withdrawals by Sector, expressed as a percentage, refers to the proportion of water used for one of three purposes: agriculture, industry, or domestic uses. All water withdrawals are allocated to one of these three categories. Agricultural uses of water primarily include irrigation and, to a lesser extent, livestock. Industrial use measures consumption by self-supplied industries not connected to any distribution network for manufacturing, cooling machinery and equipment, producing energy, cleaning and washing manufactured goods, and as a solvent. Domestic uses include drinking water plus water withdrawn for homes, municipalities, commercial establishments, and public services (e.g. hospitals Freshwater resources data were provided by AQUASTAT, a global database of water statistics maintained by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO). AQUASTAT collects its information from a number of sources--national water resources and irrigation master plans: national yearbooks, statistics, and reports; and national or international surveys When possible, FAO cross-checks information between countries to improve assessments in countries where regional information can be more accurate than studies carried out at the country level Unless proven stven information is limited. When several sources give different or contradictory figures, preference is always giv to information collected at national or sub-national level. This preference is based on the assumption that no inaccurate official rather than unofficial sources were used In the case of shared water resources, a comparison between countries was made to ensure consistency at river-basin level ana ar arine Fisheries Production, Capture data refer to the nominal catch of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic mammals, and other aquatic animals taken for commercial, industrial, recreational, and subsistence purposes from marine, brackish, and inland waters. The harvest from aquaculture and other kind of farming are excluded. Statistics for aquatic plants are also excluded from country totals. Total capture production includes freshwater fish(carp, tilapias, etc. ) diadromous fish(river eels, salmon, etc. ) marine fish (flounders, cods, redfishes, tunas, mackerels, sharks, etc. )crustaceans(lobster, shrimp, etc. ) and molluscs
Technical Notes 3 DEFINITIONS AND METHODOLOGY Actual Renewable Water Resources, measured in cubic kilometers per year (km3 /year), gives the maximum theoretical amount of water actually available for each country, although in reality a portion of this water may be inaccessible to humans. Actual renewable water resources are defined as the sum of internal renewable resources (IRWR) and external renewable resources (ERWR), taking into consideration the quantity of flow reserved to upstream and downstream countries through formal or informal agreements or treaties and possible reduction of external flow due to upstream water abstraction. IRWR include the average annual flow of rivers and the recharge of groundwater (aquifers) generated from endogenous precipitation—the precipitation occurring within a country's borders. ERWR represent the portion of the country’s renewable water resources that is not generated within the country. ERWR include inflows from upstream countries (groundwater and surface water) and a portion of the water of border lakes or rivers. Per Capita Actual Renewable Water Resources are measured in cubic meters per person per year (m3 /person/year). Per capita actual water resources were calculated by WRI using population data from the United Nations Population Division for the year 2004. Annual Water Withdrawals, measured in cubic kilometers per year, is the gross amount of water extracted from any source, either permanently or temporarily, for a given use. It can be either diverted towards distribution networks or directly used. It includes consumptive use, conveyance losses, and return flow. Total water withdrawal is the sum of estimated water use by the agricultural, domestic, and industrial sectors. It does not include precipitation. Per Capita Annual Withdrawals were calculated by WRI using national population data from the UN Population Division for the year 2000. Withdrawals by Sector, expressed as a percentage, refers to the proportion of water used for one of three purposes: agriculture, industry, or domestic uses. All water withdrawals are allocated to one of these three categories. Agricultural uses of water primarily include irrigation and, to a lesser extent, livestock. Industrial use measures consumption by self-supplied industries not connected to any distribution network for manufacturing, cooling machinery and equipment, producing energy, cleaning and washing manufactured goods, and as a solvent. Domestic uses include drinking water plus water withdrawn for homes, municipalities, commercial establishments, and public services (e.g., hospitals). Freshwater resources data were provided by AQUASTAT, a global database of water statistics maintained by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). AQUASTAT collects its information from a number of sources—national water resources and irrigation master plans; national yearbooks, statistics, and reports; and national or international surveys. When possible, FAO cross-checks information between countries to improve assessments in countries where information is limited. When several sources give different or contradictory figures, preference is always given to information collected at national or sub-national level. This preference is based on the assumption that no regional information can be more accurate than studies carried out at the country level. Unless proven inaccurate, official rather than unofficial sources were used. In the case of shared water resources, a comparison between countries was made to ensure consistency at river-basin level. Inland and Marine Fisheries Production, Capture data refer to the nominal catch of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic mammals, and other aquatic animals taken for commercial, industrial, recreational, and subsistence purposes from marine, brackish, and inland waters. The harvest from aquaculture and other kinds of farming are excluded. Statistics for aquatic plants are also excluded from country totals. Total capture production includes freshwater fish (carp, tilapias, etc.), diadromous fish (river eels, salmon, etc.), marine fish (flounders, cods, redfishes, tunas, mackerels, sharks, etc.) crustaceans (lobster, shrimp, etc.), and molluscs
(oyster, clams, squid, etc. ) Data include all quantities caught and landed for both food and feed purposes but exclude catch discarded at sea Inland and Marine Fisheries Production, Aquaculture data refer to the harvest of fish, molluscs, crustaceans, and other aquatic animals cultivated in marine, inland, or brackish environments. Data do not include capture production. Statistics for aquatic plants are also excluded. Aquaculture is defined by FAO as the farming of aquatic organisms, including fish, molluscs, crustaceans, and aquatic plants. Farming impli some form of intervention in the rearing process to enhance production, such as regular stocking feeding protection from predators, etc. [It] also implies ownership of the stock being cultivated. Aquatic organisms that are exploitable by the public as a common property resource are not included in the aquaculture production Production of fish, crustaceans, and molluscs are expressed in live weight, the nominal weight of the aquatic organisms at the time of harvest. For a more detailed listing of the species mentioned above, refer to theoriginalsourceathttp://www.fao.org/waicent/faostat/agricult/fishitems-e-e.html Most fisheries statistics are collected by FAO from questionnaires sent to national fisheries agencies. When organizations, project documents, industry magazines, or statistical interpolations. Regional totals represent a sum of available data and may be incomplete Trade in Fish and Fisheries Products measures the value of all fisheries products, excluding non-edible shells and aquatic plants, entering(referred to as imports)or leaving(referred to as exports)a country's borders each year through trade. The totals reported here incorporate the same species as the FAO's Yearbook of Fishery Statistics(ftp: //ftp. fao. org/fi/stat/summary/default. htm). The value of this trade is expressed in millions of U.S. dollars. In accordance with internationally recommended practice, import statistics include fish caught by foreign fishing craft, whether or not processed on board, landed in domestic ports: export statistics include fish caught by domestic fishing craft, whether or not processed on board, landed in foreign ports. As such. land-bound countries can therefore export marine fish and fish products. Exports are generally on a free-on- board basis (i.e, not including insurance or freight costs). Regional totals are calculated by adding up imports exports of each country included in that region. The regional totals should not be taken as a net trade for nat region, since much trade occurs intra-regionally Number of Fishers includes the number of people employed full or part-time in commercial and subsistence fishing(both personnel on fishing vessels and on shore), operating in freshwater, brackish, and marine areas, and in aquaculture production activities. Data on people employed in fishing and aquaculture are collected by the FAo through annual questionnaires submitted to the national reporting offices of the member countries. When possible, other national and regional published sources are also used to estimate figures Fish Protein as a Percent of Animal Protein Supply is defined as the quantity of protein from both freshwater and marine fish, seafood, and derived products available for human consumption as a percentage of all available animal protein. FAO calculates per capita protein supply for all products, including fish, in its collection of Supply/Utilization Accounts(SUAs)and food balance sheets For each product, the SUA traces upplies from production, imports, and stocks to its utilization in different forms-addition to stocks; exports animal feed; seed; processing for food and non-food purposes; waste(or losses); and lastly as food available for human consumption, where appropriate. For more detailed information, please refer to the following article: "Supply Utilization Accounts and Food Balance Sheets in the Context of a National Statistical System. maintainedon-linebyFaoathttp://www.faoorg/es/ess/suafbs.htm FREQUENCY OF UPDATE BY DATA PROVIDERS Most freshwater data are not available in a time series and are updated intermittently; the global data set aintained on-line by AQUASTAT contains data collected over a time span of up to 30 years. Fisheries production and trade data are updated annually by the Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Unit(FIDi) of
4 (oyster, clams, squid, etc.). Data include all quantities caught and landed for both food and feed purposes but exclude catch discarded at sea. Inland and Marine Fisheries Production, Aquaculture data refer to the harvest of fish, molluscs, crustaceans, and other aquatic animals cultivated in marine, inland, or brackish environments. Data do not include capture production. Statistics for aquatic plants are also excluded. Aquaculture is defined by FAO as "the farming of aquatic organisms, including fish, molluscs, crustaceans, and aquatic plants. Farming implies some form of intervention in the rearing process to enhance production, such as regular stocking, feeding, protection from predators, etc. [It] also implies ownership of the stock being cultivated." Aquatic organisms that are exploitable by the public as a common property resource are not included in the aquaculture production. Production of fish, crustaceans, and molluscs are expressed in live weight, the nominal weight of the aquatic organisms at the time of harvest. For a more detailed listing of the species mentioned above, refer to the original source at http://www.fao.org/waicent/faostat/agricult/fishitems-e-e.html. Most fisheries statistics are collected by FAO from questionnaires sent to national fisheries agencies. When these data are missing or considered unreliable, FAO estimates fishery production based on regional fishery organizations, project documents, industry magazines, or statistical interpolations. Regional totals represent a sum of available data and may be incomplete. Trade in Fish and Fisheries Products measures the value of all fisheries products, excluding non-edible shells and aquatic plants, entering (referred to as imports) or leaving (referred to as exports) a country's borders each year through trade. The totals reported here incorporate the same species as the FAO’s Yearbook of Fishery Statistics (ftp://ftp.fao.org/fi/stat/summary/default.htm). The value of this trade is expressed in millions of U.S. dollars. In accordance with internationally recommended practice, import statistics include fish caught by foreign fishing craft, whether or not processed on board, landed in domestic ports; export statistics include fish caught by domestic fishing craft, whether or not processed on board, landed in foreign ports. As such, land-bound countries can therefore export marine fish and fish products. Exports are generally on a free-onboard basis (i.e., not including insurance or freight costs). Regional totals are calculated by adding up imports or exports of each country included in that region. The regional totals should not be taken as a net trade for that region, since much trade occurs intra-regionally. Number of Fishers includes the number of people employed full or part-time in commercial and subsistence fishing (both personnel on fishing vessels and on shore), operating in freshwater, brackish, and marine areas, and in aquaculture production activities. Data on people employed in fishing and aquaculture are collected by the FAO through annual questionnaires submitted to the national reporting offices of the member countries. When possible, other national and regional published sources are also used to estimate figures. Fish Protein as a Percent of Animal Protein Supply is defined as the quantity of protein from both freshwater and marine fish, seafood, and derived products available for human consumption as a percentage of all available animal protein. FAO calculates per capita protein supply for all products, including fish, in its collection of Supply/Utilization Accounts (SUAs) and food balance sheets. For each product, the SUA traces supplies from production, imports, and stocks to its utilization in different forms—addition to stocks; exports; animal feed; seed; processing for food and non-food purposes; waste (or losses); and lastly as food available for human consumption, where appropriate. For more detailed information, please refer to the following article: “Supply Utilization Accounts and Food Balance Sheets in the Context of a National Statistical System,” maintained on-line by FAO at http://www.fao.org/es/ESS/Suafbs.htm. FREQUENCY OF UPDATE BY DATA PROVIDERS Most freshwater data are not available in a time series and are updated intermittently; the global data set maintained on-line by AQUASTAT contains data collected over a time span of up to 30 years. Fisheries production and trade data are updated annually by the Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Unit (FIDI) of
FAO. Number of fishers data are updated by FIDl every 2-4 years. The FAO updates the data on fish protein annually; the most recent updates incorporated in these tables are from July 2004 DATA RELIABILITY AND CAUTIONARY NOTES Water Resources and Withdrawals: While AQUASTAT represents the most complete and careful compilation to date of statistics on country-level water resources, the quality of the primary information on which it relies varies. Information sources are numerous but rarely complete. Some governments will keep internal water resources information confidential because they are competing for water resources with bordering countries. Many instances of water scarcity are highly localized and are not reflected in national statistics. In addition, the accuracy and reliability of information vary greatly among regions, countries, and categories of information, as does the year in which the information was gathered. All data should be considered order-of-magnitude estimates Actual Renewable Water Resources: Exchanges between countries are complicated when a river crosses the same border several times. Part of the incoming water flow may thus originate from the same country in which it enters, making it necessary to calculate a"net" inflow to avoid double counting of resources. In addition, the water that is actually accessible to humans for consumption is often much smaller than the total renewable water resources indicated in the data table Actual Renewable Water Resources Per Capita: Water resources data are from a different set of years than the population data used in the calculation. While the water resources data are usually long-term averages, inconsistencies may arise when combining it with 2002 population data. For more information about the collection methodology and reliability of the UN population data, please refer to the notes accompanying the Demographics and Education table Total Fisheries Production and Trade in Fish and Fisheries Products: While FISHStaT provides the most extensive global time series of fishery statistics since 1950, there are some problems associated with the data Country-level data are often submitted with a 1-2 year delay, Statistics from smaller artisanal and subsistence fisheries are particularly sparse. While these statistics provide a good overview of regional fisheries trends, data should be used with caution and supplemented with estimates from regional organizations, academic literature, expert consultations, and trade data. For more information, consult Fishery Statistics Reliability and Policy Implications, published by the FAo Fisheries Department and available on-line at http://www.fao.org/docrep/fIeld/006/Y3354m/y3354m00.hTm Number of Fishers data are gross estimates. Many countries do not submit data on fishers, or submit incomplete information; some countries have occasionally omitted fish farmers from the total or included subsistence and sport fishers, as well as family members living on fishing. Apart from the gaps and the heavy presence of estimates due to non-reporting, the information provided by national statistical offices may not be strictly comparable due to the utilization of different definitions and methods in the assessment of the and may not accurately reflect the current level of employment in the fishing sector atistics are incomplete number of people engaged in fishing and aquaculture. FAO recognizes that these Fish Protein as a Percent of Total Protein Supply: Food supply is different from actual consumption Figures do not account for discards(including bones)and losses during storage and preparation. Supply data should only be used to assess food security if it is combined with an analysis of food availability and ng to F food supply statistics, while often far from satisfactory in the proper statistical sense, do provide an pproximate picture of the overall food situation in a country and can be useful for economic and nutritional studies, for preparing development plans and for formulating related projects. For more information see Food Balance Sheets: A Handbook, maintained on-line by FAo at http://www.faoorg/docrep/003/x9892E/x9892e00.htm SOURCES
5 FAO. Number of fishers data are updated by FIDI every 2-4 years. The FAO updates the data on fish protein annually; the most recent updates incorporated in these tables are from July 2004. DATA RELIABILITY AND CAUTIONARY NOTES Water Resources and Withdrawals: While AQUASTAT represents the most complete and careful compilation to date of statistics on country-level water resources, the quality of the primary information on which it relies varies. Information sources are numerous but rarely complete. Some governments will keep internal water resources information confidential because they are competing for water resources with bordering countries. Many instances of water scarcity are highly localized and are not reflected in national statistics. In addition, the accuracy and reliability of information vary greatly among regions, countries, and categories of information, as does the year in which the information was gathered. All data should be considered order-of-magnitude estimates. Actual Renewable Water Resources: Exchanges between countries are complicated when a river crosses the same border several times. Part of the incoming water flow may thus originate from the same country in which it enters, making it necessary to calculate a "net" inflow to avoid double counting of resources. In addition, the water that is actually accessible to humans for consumption is often much smaller than the total renewable water resources indicated in the data table. Actual Renewable Water Resources Per Capita: Water resources data are from a different set of years than the population data used in the calculation. While the water resources data are usually long-term averages, inconsistencies may arise when combining it with 2002 population data. For more information about the collection methodology and reliability of the UN population data, please refer to the notes accompanying the Demographics and Education table. Total Fisheries Production and Trade in Fish and Fisheries Products: While FISHSTAT provides the most extensive global time series of fishery statistics since 1950, there are some problems associated with the data. Country-level data are often submitted with a 1-2 year delay, Statistics from smaller artisanal and subsistence fisheries are particularly sparse. While these statistics provide a good overview of regional fisheries trends, data should be used with caution and supplemented with estimates from regional organizations, academic literature, expert consultations, and trade data. For more information, consult Fishery Statistics Reliability and Policy Implications, published by the FAO Fisheries Department and available on-line at http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/FIELD/006/Y3354M/Y3354M00.HTM. Number of Fishers data are gross estimates. Many countries do not submit data on fishers, or submit incomplete information; some countries have occasionally omitted fish farmers from the total or included subsistence and sport fishers, as well as family members living on fishing. Apart from the gaps and the heavy presence of estimates due to non-reporting, the information provided by national statistical offices may not be strictly comparable due to the utilization of different definitions and methods in the assessment of the number of people engaged in fishing and aquaculture. FAO recognizes that these statistics are incomplete and may not accurately reflect the current level of employment in the fishing sector. Fish Protein as a Percent of Total Protein Supply: Food supply is different from actual consumption. Figures do not account for discards (including bones) and losses during storage and preparation. Supply data should only be used to assess food security if it is combined with an analysis of food availability and accessibility. Nonetheless, the data are subject to "vigorous consistency checks." According to FAO, the food supply statistics, "while often far from satisfactory in the proper statistical sense, do provide an approximate picture of the overall food situation in a country and can be useful for economic and nutritional studies, for preparing development plans and for formulating related projects." For more information see Food Balance Sheets: A Handbook, maintained on-line by FAO at http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/X9892E/X9892E00.htm. SOURCES
Renewable Water Resources and Water Withdrawals: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO), Water Resources, Development and Management Service. 2003. AQUASTAT Information System on Water and Agriculture. Rome: FAO Availableathttp://www.fao.org/waicent/faoinfolagricult/agllaglw/aquastat/main/index.stm Population Data(for per capita calculations ): United Nations Population Division. 2003. World Population Prospects: The 2002 Revision. New York: United Nations. Per capita actual water resources were calculated by /RI using the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: The 2002 Revision. Data set CD-ROM Total Fisheries Production and Trade in Fish and Fisheries Products: Food and Agriculture Organization the United Nations (FAO), Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Unit. 2004. FISHSTAT Plus: Universal software for fishery statistical time series, Version 2. 3. Rome: FAO. Available at http://www.fao.org/fi/statist/fisoft/fishplus.asp Number of Fishers: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO), Fishery Informatio Data and Statistics Unit( FIDI). 2000. Rome: FAO. More information available at http://www.faoorg/fi/statist/fisoft/fishers.asp Fish Protein as a Percent of Total Animal Protein Supply: Food and Agriculture Organization of the UnitedNations(fao).fAostAton-linestatisticalservice2004.Rome:Fao.Availableathttp://apps.faoorg
6 Renewable Water Resources and Water Withdrawals: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Water Resources, Development and Management Service. 2003. AQUASTAT Information System on Water and Agriculture. Rome: FAO. Available at http://www.fao.org/waicent/faoinfo/agricult/agl/aglw/aquastat/main/index.stm. Population Data (for per capita calculations): United Nations Population Division. 2003. World Population Prospects: The 2002 Revision. New York: United Nations. Per capita actual water resources were calculated by WRI using the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: The 2002 Revision. Data set on CD-ROM. Total Fisheries Production and Trade in Fish and Fisheries Products: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Unit. 2004. FISHSTAT Plus: Universal software for fishery statistical time series, Version 2.3. Rome: FAO. Available at http://www.fao.org/fi/statist/FISOFT/FISHPLUS.asp. Number of Fishers: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Unit (FIDI). 2000. Rome: FAO. More information available at http://www.fao.org/fi/statist/fisoft/fishers.asp. Fish Protein as a Percent of Total Animal Protein Supply: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAOSTAT on-line statistical service. 2004. Rome: FAO. Available at http://apps.fao.org