Unit 2 Hot Topics Reading2.1 Industry 4.02.2 Made in China 20252.3 High-Speed Railway in China2.4 Machine Learning机械工程专业英语1
机械工程专业英语 Unit 2 Hot Topics Reading 1 2.1 Industry 4.0 2.2 Made in China 2025 2.3 High-Speed Railway in China 2.4 Machine Learning
2.1 Industry 4.0与前三次工业革命大幅提高生产效率不同，在全球产能普遍过剩的环境中，工业4.0的背后，是对制造的智能化水平的提升和商业模式的转变。“解放了大脑第四次工业革命Freethebrain"2013年，信息物理系统、物联网+自动化（NetworkIntelligenceAge)日渐精进的大数据运算能力第三次工业革命“实现自动化Automation"使用电子技术和iT实现生产自动化（lInformationAge）1969年，电脑走进工厂，也进入到设计和工作流程中，信息化与制造高度融合“实现规模化第二次工业革命Achieving Scale电力被广泛应用实现规模化生产（电气时代Electricalage）1870年，泰勒(Taylor)认为应该将工作流程细分以达到减少浪费的目的第一次工业革命“解放了双手使用水和蒸汽为动力驱动机械设备（蒸汽时代Steamage）Freehands"1784年，第一台机械织布机问世1今天18世纪末期20世纪初期70年代早期2
2.1 Industry 4.0 2 与前三次工业革命大幅提高生产效率不同，在全球产能普遍过剩的环境中，工业4.0的背后，是对制造的 智能化水平的提升和商业模式的转变。 18世纪末期 20世纪初期 70年代早期 今天 第二次工业革命 电力被广泛应用实现规模化生产 （电气时代Electrical age） 1870年，泰勒(Taylor)认为应该将工作流程细分以达到减少浪费的目的 第三次工业革命 使用电子技术和IT实现生产自动化 （Information Age） 1969年，电脑走进工厂，也进入到设计和工作流程中， 信息化与制造高度融合 第四次工业革命 2013年，信息物理系统、物联网+自动化（Network Intelligence Age） 日渐精进的大数据运算能力 “实现规模化 Achieving Scale” “解放了双手 Free hands” “实现自动化 Automation” “解放了大脑 Free the brain” 第一次工业革命 使用水和蒸汽为动力驱动机械设备（蒸汽时代Steam age） 1784年，第一台机械织布机问世
2.1 Industry 4.0Industry 1.0From the 1960s to the mid-19th century, themechanization of factories through hydraulic andsteam engines can be called industrial 1.0.As aresult of this industrial revolution, mechanicalproduction replaced manual labor, and theeconomyandsocietytransformedfromagriculture and handicraft industry to the mode ofindustrial and mechanical manufacturing drivingeconomicdevelopment.从20世纪60年代到19世纪中叶，通过液压机和蒸汽机的工厂机械化可以称为工业1.0。由于这场工业革命，机械生产取代了体力劳动，经济和社会由农业和手工业向工业和机械制造业拉动经济发展的模式转变。3
2.1 Industry 4.0 3 Industry 1.0 From the 1960s to the mid-19th century, the mechanization of factories through hydraulic and steam engines can be called industrial 1.0. As a result of this industrial revolution, mechanical production replaced manual labor, and the economy and society transformed from agriculture and handicraft industry to the mode of industrial and mechanical manufacturing driving economic development.从20世纪60年代到19世纪中叶， 通过液压机和蒸汽机的工厂机械化可以称为工业1.0。由于这 场工业革命，机械生产取代了体力劳动，经济和社会由农业和 手工业向工业和机械制造业拉动经济发展的模式转变
2.1 Industry 4.0Industry 2.0From the latter half of the 19th century to thebeginningof the 2Oth century,the large-scaleproduction of power-driven products based on thedivision of labor can be called industrial 2.0.Theindustrial revolution,through thesuccessfulseparationofpartsproductionand productassembly,createdanewmodeofmassproductionofproducts.从19世纪下半叶到20世纪初，基于分工的电力驱动产品的大规模生产可以称为工业2.0。工业革命通过零件生产和产品装配的成功分离，创造了产品批量生产的新模式。4
2.1 Industry 4.0 4 From the latter half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, the large-scale production of power-driven products based on the division of labor can be called industrial 2.0. The industrial revolution, through the successful separation of parts production and product assembly, created a new mode of mass production of products.从19世纪下半叶到20世纪初，基于分工 的电力驱动产品的大规模生产可以称为工业2.0。工 业革命通过零件生产和产品装配的成功分离，创造了 产品批量生产的新模式。 Industry 2.0
2.1 Industry 4.0Industry3.0Starting in the 1970s and continuing to thepresent, the wide application of electronics andinformation technology makes the manufacturingprocess continuously automated, which can becalled industrial 3.0. Since then, machines cangradually replace human operations, not only takeover a considerable proportion of the "physicalwork",but also take over some"mental work".从20世纪70年代开始到现在，电子信息技术的广泛应用使得制造过程不断自动化，可以称之为工业3.0。从那时起，机器可以逐渐取代人类的操作，不仅承担相当比例的“体力劳动”，还承担一些“脑力劳动”。5
2.1 Industry 4.0 5 Starting in the 1970s and continuing to the present, the wide application of electronics and information technology makes the manufacturing process continuously automated, which can be called industrial 3.0. Since then, machines can gradually replace human operations, not only take over a considerable proportion of the "physical work", but also take over some "mental work".从 20世纪70年代开始到现在，电子信息技术的广泛应用 使得制造过程不断自动化，可以称之为工业3.0。从 那时起，机器可以逐渐取代人类的操作，不仅承担相 当比例的“体力劳动”，还承担一些“脑力劳动”。 Industry 3.0
2.1 Industry 4.0Industry4.0Theconceptof"Industry4.0"includes thebasictransformationfromcentralizedcontrol todecentralized enhanced control.The goal is toestablish a highly flexible production mode ofindividualized and digital products and servicesIn this model, traditional industry boundaries willdisappear, and new areas of activity and forms ofcooperation will emerge. The process of creatingnewvalueischanging.工业4.0"的概念包括从集中控制到分散强化控制的基本转变。目标是建立高度灵活的个性化、数字化产品和服务生产模式。在这种模式下，传统的产业边界将消失，新的活动领域和合作形式将出现。创造新价值的过程正在改变。6
2.1 Industry 4.0 6 The concept of "Industry 4.0" includes the basic transformation from centralized control to decentralized enhanced control. The goal is to establish a highly flexible production mode of individualized and digital products and services. In this model, traditional industry boundaries will disappear, and new areas of activity and forms of cooperation will emerge. The process of creating new value is changing.“工业4.0”的概念包括从集中 控制到分散强化控制的基本转变。目标是建立高度灵 活的个性化、数字化产品和服务生产模式。在这种模 式下，传统的产业边界将消失，新的活动领域和合作 形式将出现。创造新价值的过程正在改变。 Industry 4.0
2.1 Industry 4.0Industry4.0HardwareServiceSoftwareISolutionsSoftware-Industrial InternetofThings、IndustrialNetworkSecurity、Bigindustrialdata、Cloudcomputingplatform、MES system、virtualreality、Artificial intelligence、AutomationofKnowledgeWorkHardware-Industrialrobot（Includinghigh-endcomponents）、sensor、RFID、3Dprinting、machine vision、Intelligentlogistics(AGV)、PLC、Data collector、industrialswitchService--Top-level design、system integrationSoftware and hardware integrationandotherconsultingservices7
2.1 Industry 4.0 7 • Software——Industrial Internet of Things、Industrial Network Security、Big industrial data、Cloud computing platform、MES system、virtual reality、Artificial intelligence、 Automation of Knowledge Work • Hardware——Industrial robot（Including high-end components）、sensor、RFID、3D printing、machine vision、Intelligent logistics(AGV)、 PLC、Data collector、industrial switch • Service——Top-level design、system integration、Software and hardware integration and other consulting services Software Hardware Service Industry4.0 Solutions
2.1 Industry 4.0Intelligent Manufacturing is the Core of Industrial 4.0As a broad concept,"intelligent manufacturing" includes five aspects.IntelligentProductproductionIntelligencemodeIntelligentmanufacturingKServiceIntelligentIntelligenceEquipment个IntelligentManagement8
2.1 Industry 4.0 8 Product Intelligence Intelligent Equipment Intelligent Management Service Intelligence Intelligent production mode Intelligent manufacturing As a broad concept, "intelligent manufacturing" includes five aspects. Intelligent Manufacturing is the Core of Industrial 4.0
2.1 Industry 4.0Nine TechnologicalPillars of Industrial4.0工业4.0的九大技术支柱virtualArtificialintelligenceTwo Ultimate Technologies for the FuturerealityIndustrialAutomation3DIndustrialofNetworkrobotPrintingSecurityKnowledgeTwo Hardware TechnologiesWorkTwo Software SupportBigIndustrialCloudThree Basic Infrastructures in theInternetofindustrialInternet AgecomputingThingsdata9
2.1 Industry 4.0 9 Industrial Internet of Things Cloud computing Big industrial data Artificial intelligence virtual reality Three Basic Infrastructures in the Internet Age Two Hardware Technologies Two Software Support Two Ultimate Technologies for the Future Nine Technological Pillars of Industrial 4.0 工业4.0的九大技术支柱 3D Printing Industrial robot Industrial Network Security Automation of Knowledge Work
2.1 Industry 4.0Industry 4.O--From Intelligent Factory to Intelligent ProductionInformationMaterialConnectionSystemIndustry4.0Industry4.0Electronic,IT,IndustrialRobotIndustry3.0WideapplicationofelectricpowerIndustry2.0steamengineIndustry1.01784t10
2.1 Industry 4.0 10