生物技术安全
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1.生物学的发展和人类生活水平的提高 2.未来的生物学展望 3.科学是双刃剑:生物学画临的挑战 09:54
09:54 ◼ 1. 生物学的发展和人类生活水平的提高 ◼ 2. 未来的生物学展望 ◼ 3.科学是双刃剑: 生物学面临的挑战
遗传和基因组学大事记 ahttp://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v422/n6934/ pdf/timeline 01626 pdf 09:54
09:54 ◼ 遗传和基因组学大事记 ◼ http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v422/n6934/ pdf/timeline_01626.pdf
Chronology: Landmarks in genetics and genomics(nature) 865 Gregor Mendel discovered laws of genetics 09:54
09:54 ◼Chronology: Landmarks in genetics and genomics (nature) ◼1865: Gregor Mendel discovered laws of genetics
1944: Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty demonstrate that DNA is the hereditary material 1953: James Watson and Francis Crick describe the double-helical structure of DNA 1972. Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer develop recombinant DNA technology 09:54
09:54 ◼ 1944: Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty demonstrate that DNA is the hereditary material ◼ 1953: James Watson and Francis Crick describe the double-helical structure of DNA. ◼ 1972: Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer develop recombinant DNA technology
1977: Frederick Sanger, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert developed DNA-Sequencing methoas 1982: Gen Bank database established 1990:The Human Genome Project (HGP launched in the United States 1995: First bacterial genome(Haemophilus ge流感嗜血杆菌) feculence
09:54 ◼ 1977: Frederick Sanger, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert developed DNA-sequencing methods ◼ 1982: GenBank database established ◼ 1990: The Human Genome Project (HGP) launched in the United States. ◼ 1995: First bacterial genome (Haemophilus influenzae 流感嗜血杆菌 ) sequenced
1998: Chinese National human genome Centers established in Beijing and Shanghai Roundworm genome sequenced 1999: Sequence of first human chromosome (chromosome 22) completed. Full-scale human genome sequencing begins 2000. Draft version of human genome sequence completea. Fruitfly mustard cress genome sequence
09:54 ◼ 1998: Chinese National Human Genome Centers established in Beijing and Shanghai. Roundworm genome sequenced. ◼ 1999: Sequence of first human chromosome (chromosome 22) completed. Full-scale human genome sequencing begins. ◼ 2000: Draft version of human genome sequence completed. Fruitfly, mustard cress genome sequenced
2001: Draft version of human genome sequence published 12002: Draft version of mouse genome sequence completed and published. Draft version of rice genome sequence completed and published 2003 Finished version of human genome sequence completed. The Human Genome Project ends with all goals achieved 09:54
09:54 ◼ 2001: Draft version of human genome sequence published. ◼ 2002: Draft version of mouse genome sequence completed and published. Draft version of rice genome sequence completed and published. ◼ 2003: Finished version of human genome sequence completed. The Human Genome Project ends with all goals achieved
凵附准 中国完成人类基因组1%的测序工作 耗用:2亿元人民币 ■人类基因组只有20000到25000个基因 ■人和老鼠基因组仅有1%的差别 09:54
09:54 ◼ 附注: ***中国完成人类基因组 1%的测序工作 耗用：2亿元人民币 ◼ ***人类基因组只有20000到25000个基因 ◼ ***人和老鼠基因组仅有 1%的差别
后基因组时代(为什么?) 蛋自质组学指的是在大规模水平上研究蛋白质的 特征,包括蛋白质的表达水平,翻译后的修饰, 蛋白与蛋白相互作用等 从DNA mRNA 蛋白质 转水调控、醐水平调、翻垟后水平调 翻后修、蛋自质阊相互作用以及蛋白质构 象,细胞内的运输定位等) 蛋自质组数据的间题更为严重,因为实条件的 小别,都可以导致不同的蛋自质表迭
09:54 ◼ 后基因组时代（为什么？） ◼ 蛋白质组学指的是在大规模水平上研究蛋白质的 特征，包括蛋白质的表达水平，翻译后的修饰， 蛋白与蛋白相互作用等 ◼ ◼ 从DNA mRNA 蛋白质: ◼ 转录水平调控、翻译水平调控、翻译后水平调控 （翻译后修饰、蛋白质间相互作用以及蛋白质构 象，细胞内的运输定位等）. ◼ 蛋白质组数据的问题更为严重，因为实验条件的 微小差别，都可以导致不同的蛋白质表达谱