Chapter Four High-level Programming Language Unit 16 a part 1 Notes to Text L Part4 Extensive Reading Part 2 Word Study Part5 Notes to Passage Part3 Practice on Text Part6 Practice on Passage 2021/2/20 P1
2021/2/20 P.1 Unit 16 High-level Programming Languages Chapter Four @ Part 1 Notes to Text & Part4 Extensive Reading & Part 2 Word Study @ Part5 Notes to Passage @ Part3 Practice on Text @ Part6 Practice on Passage
&& Part 1 Notes to Text High-level Programming Languages 1) Instructions written in a high-level language must be translated into the machine language used by the com puter system.用高级语所编写的指令,必须被翻译成 计算机系统中所采用的机器语言。 注释:在此句中 written in a high- evel language是过去分词短 语做定语,修饰主语 nstructions;过去分词短语 used by the computer system也是定语,修饰 ithe machine language 2) This means that program written in a high-level language such as COBOL should run on any computer system with COBOL compiler..那就意味着以某种高级语 言,例如 COBOL编写的程序,应在带有 COBOL编译程序的 计算机系统中运行。 注释:此句的主语This指代上文;tha引导的是宾语从句;过去 分词短语 written in a high- evel language.修饰that program;介词短语 with COBOL compiler修饰any com puter systen。 2021/2/20 P2
2021/2/20 P.2 @ Part 1 Notes to Text 1) Instructions written in a high-level language must be translated into the machine language used by the computer system. 用高级语所编写的指令，必须被翻译成 计算机系统中所采用的机器语言。 注释：在此句中written in a high-level language是过去分词短 语做定语，修饰主语Instructions；过去分词短语used by the computer system也是定语,修饰the machine language。 2) This means that program written in a high-level language such as COBOL should run on any computer system with COBOL compiler．那就意味着以某种高级语 言，例如COBOL编写的程序，应在带有COBOL编译程序的 计算机系统中运行。 注释：此句的主语This指代上文；that引导的是宾语从句；过去 分词短语written in a high-level language修饰that program；介词短语with COBOL compiler修饰any computer system。 High-level Programming Languages
3)In actual practice, however, several variations have crept into high-level languages so that no high-level language is totally portable" to all com puter systems with a compiler for the language in question.在实际运用中,一些变化已潜入到高级语言 中,以至于没有一种高级语言能完全移植到带有这种语言编译程序的 计算机系统中。 注释: so that引导的是结果状语从句;介词短语 in question是定语, 修饰 the language,意思是“本文所讨论的语言”。 4)The reader of a program is much more likely to detect wrong functionality if the program has been written in a high-level language rather than in a lower-level one 如果此程序是用高级语言编写而不是低级语言编写的话,阅读程序者 发觉函数错误的可能性就要大得多。 注释:此句是系表结构;ikey是形容词,作表语;不定式 to detect wrong functionality用作状语,修饰表语ikey;连词词组 rather than意思是“而不是”。 2021/2/20 P3 End
2021/2/20 P.3 3) In actual practice, however, several variations have crept into high-level languages so that no high-level language is totally "portable" to all computer systems with a compiler for the language in question. 在实际运用中，一些变化已潜入到高级语言 中，以至于没有一种高级语言能完全移植到带有这种语言编译程序的 计算机系统中。 注释：so that引导的是结果状语从句；介词短语in question是定语， 修饰the language，意思是“本文所讨论的语言”。 4) The reader of a program is much more likely to detect wrong functionality if the program has been written in a high-level language rather than in a lower-level one． 如果此程序是用高级语言编写而不是低级语言编写的话，阅读程序者 发觉函数错误的可能性就要大得多。 注释：此句是系表结构；likely是形容词，作表语；不定式to detect wrong functionality用作状语，修饰表语likely；连词词组rather than意思是“而不是”。 End
L Part 2 Word Study 1. numerous adj大量的 10. revision.修改 2 compiler n.编译 11. vital adj.至关重要的,所必需的 3. Source program n.源程序 12. transformation n.转化、转变 4. interpreter n.解释程序 13. rework n.返工 5. independent ad独立的 14. legibility n.清晰度 6. variation n.变化 15. reliability n.可靠性 7. creep into溜进;悄悄进入 16. property. n.特征 8. portable adj.便携的 17 associated adj关联的 9. standardize v.标准化 18. detect v.察觉,发觉 2021/2/20 SPaY End
2021/2/20 P.4 End 1. numerous adj. 大量的 10. revision n. 修改 2. compiler n. 编译 11. vital adj. 至关重要的, 所必需的 3. source program n. 源程序 12. transformation n. 转化、转变 4. interpreter n. 解释程序 13. rework n. 返工 5. independent adj. 独立的 14. legibility n. 清晰度 6. variation n. 变化 15. reliability n. 可靠性 7. creep into 溜进；悄悄进入 16. property n. 特征 8. portable adj. 便携的 17. associated adj. 关联的 9. standardize v. 标准化 18. detect v. 察觉, 发觉 & Part 2 Word Study
Part3 Practice on Text Task 1: Listening training Dictation of some key words Directions: You will hear some key words twice, most of which are taken from the Word Study. Then finish the Crossword Puzzle. ( See you book p. 2. Dictation of some key expressions Directions: You will hear some key expressions twice, most of which are taken from this text. Then you are asked to complete the missing words 1)to perform a function 4)on the critical path 2) high-level language program 5)the last stage of transformation 3)in actual practice 6)reduce maintenance costs 2021/2/20 P.5
2021/2/20 P.5 Task 1: Listening training Dictation of some key words Directions: You will hear some key words twice, most of which are taken from the Word Study. Then finish the Crossword Puzzle. (See you book p. ) 2. Dictation of some key expressions Directions: You will hear some key expressions twice, most of which are taken from this text. Then you are asked to complete the missing words. @ Part3 Practice on Text 1) ______________a function 2) high-level_________________ 3) in actual_______________ 4) on the_________________ 5) the last stage of_______________ 6) __________maintenance________ to perform language program practice critical path transformation reduce costs
Task 2. Read. Write and Translate Read and Reply Directions: Students are required to read aloud the whole text after the teacher. Then give short answers to the following questions a) What is a high-level language? A high-level language is one in which numerous instructions must be executed at the machine language level to perform a function or task specified. b)What has received much attention in recent years? Efforts to standardize high-level languages and compilers have received much attention in recent years c)Why should we use high-level languages? There are many reasons, first, it is because of the speed of development of software, second, using high-level languages can reduce maintenance costs and the cost of rework, and last it is for reliability and safety. 2021/2/20 P.6
2021/2/20 P.6 Read and Reply Directions:Students are required to read aloud the whole text after the teacher. Then give short answers to the following questions: Task 2: Read, Write and Translate A high-level language is one in which numerous instructions must be executed at the machine language level to perform a function or task specified. Efforts to standardize high-level languages and compilers have received much attention in recent years. There are many reasons, first, it is because of the speed of development of software, second, using high-level languages can reduce maintenance costs and the cost of rework, and last, it is for reliability and safety. c) Why should we use high-level languages? a) What is a high-level language? b) What has received much attention in recent years?
Read and Judge (F) 1) Instructions written in a high-level language needn'tbe translated into the machine language (F)2) The resulting machine language program is known as the source program and the high-level language program is the object program. (F)3)High-level languages execute slowest and occupy less space in memory than machine or assem bly languages. (T)4)Using a high-level language can reduce software development time 50% (T)5) High-level languages can simplify programming tasks and using it makes few mistakes 2021/2/20 P7 End
2021/2/20 P.7 ( )1) Instructions written in a high-level language needn’t be translated into the machine language. ( )2) The resulting machine language program is known as the source program and the high-level language program is the object program. ( )3) High-level languages execute slowest and occupy less space in memory than machine or assembly languages. ( )4) Using a high-level language can reduce software development time 50%. ( )5) High-level languages can simplify programming tasks and using it makes few mistakes Read and Judge End F F F T T
Read and Complete Directions: Read the following short passage. Complete it by filling in the missing words A programmer B statement C high-level D problem E solve F corresponds to G knowledge H system I that J language A1 language is a language, which is closer to natural 2), or mathematical language than machine code or assem bly language. It is therefore far less machine dependent, so that the 3)A needs far less 4)G of the details of the microcomputer 5)H It is also more abstract in 6)I: it is closer to the concepts of the 7)D that the programmer is trying to 8)E, It is generally more concise, in that a single statement in the high-level language(usually occupying one line of source text)often 9)F more than one a ssem bly language 10)B for machine instruction 如不EmK
2021/2/20 P.8 Directions:Read the following short passage. Complete it by filling in the missing words. A. programmer B. statement C. high-level D. problem E. solve F. corresponds to G. knowledge H. system I. that J. language A 1)________ language is a language, which is closer to natural 2)_______, or mathematical language than machine code or assembly language. It is therefore far less machine dependent, so that the 3)______ needs far less 4)________ of the details of the microcomputer 5)________. It is also more abstract in 6)_____ it is closer to the concepts of the 7)_______ that the programmer is trying to 8)________. It is generally more concise, in that a single statement in the high-level language (usually occupying one line of source text)often 9)________ more than one a ssembly language 10)__________ (or machine instruction)． Read and Complete End C J A G H I D E F B
Read and Translate Directions: Put the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given 1)检查一下计算机是否已执行指令。( execute) Check if the com puter has executed your commands 2)孩子们通常被某些为升起的太阳。( be described as) Children are often described as the rising sun 3)完成这项任务不需花多大的力量。( effort) It doesn' need much effort to finish this task 4)使用高级编程语言能降低软件开发50%的时间。( reduce) Using a high-level language can reduce software development time by 50% 5)怎样处理这些文字确实有点麻烦。( deal with) How to deal with these words is really troublesome G20212120P9WG End 1
2021/2/20 P.9 1)检查一下计算机是否已执行指令。（execute） 2)孩子们通常被某些为升起的太阳。(be described as) 3)完成这项任务不需花多大的力量。(effort) 4)使用高级编程语言能降低软件开发50%的时间。(reduce) 5)怎样处理这些文字确实有点麻烦。(deal with) Read and Translate Directions:Put the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given. End Check if the computer has executed your commands Children are often described as the rising sun. It doesn’t need much effort to finish this task. Using a high-level language can reduce software development time by 50%. How to deal with these words is really troublesome
m Part4 Extensive Reading DBMS&MIS You know that a data base is a collection of logically(逻辑上 related data elements that may be structured in various ways to meet the multiple processing and retrieval needs of organizations and individuals You'lI see in the following pages that com plex data relationships and linkages(ttt)may be found in all but the simplest data bases The system software package that handles the difficult tasks associated with creating, accessing, and maintaining()data base records is called a data base management system(DBMS).The programs in a DBMS package establish an interface between the data base itself and the users of the data base. (These users may be applications programmers, managers and others with information needs, and various oS programs.) 202120P10
2021/2/20 P.10 DBMS & MIS You know that a data base is a collection of logically(逻辑上)related data elements that may be structured in various ways to meet the multiple processing and retrieval needs of organizations and individuals. You'll see in the following pages that complex data relationships and linkages(链接)may be found in all but the simplest data bases. The system software package that handles the difficult tasks associated with creating, accessing, and maintaining(维护)data base records is called a data base management system (DBMS). The programs in a DBMS package establish an interface between the data base itself and the users of the data base. (These users may be applications programmers, managers and others with information needs, and various OS programs.) & Part4 Extensive Reading