Chapter Four Computer Technology Chapter Study Tasks (4) In this chapter, you will be able to Explain why a com puter is a system Learn how a com puter system is organized -Get the general ideas of the texts and extensive readings -Complete all the practice required Unit 13 a part 1 Notes to Text L Part4 Extensive Reading Part 2 Word Study Part5 Notes to Passage Part3 Practice on Text Part6 Practice on Passage 2021/2/20 P1
2021/2/20 P.1 Unit 13 Computer Technology Chapter Four @ Part 1 Notes to Text & Part4 Extensive Reading & Part 2 Word Study @ Part5 Notes to Passage @ Part3 Practice on Text @ Part6 Practice on Passage Chapter Study Tasks（4） In this chapter, you will be able to —Explain why a computer is a system —Learn how a computer system is organized —Get the general ideas of the texts and extensive readings —Complete all the practice required
a Part 1 Notes to text Computer Systems Y 1) But the real meaning of"computer system"comes with interconnection.但计算机系统的真正含义是互相连接。 注释:动词短语 come with意思是“伴随发生” 2)In industry these days the interconnection of variable-speed drives and programmable logic controllers(PLCs) to automate production lines and control motors is a common example of a computer system.如今在工业中,将变速器和可变成逻辑控制器互连 起来,用以使生产自动化和控制电机,就是一个常见的计算机系统实例。 注释:此句的主语是 interconnection。介词短语 of variable-speed drives and programmable logic controllers (PLCs) to automate production lines and control motors只是主语的修饰语,谓语动词是 ls。 2021/2/20 P2
2021/2/20 P.2 @ Part 1 Notes to Text 1) But the real meaning of "computer system" comes with interconnection. 但计算机系统的真正含义是互相连接。 注释： 动词短语come with意思是“伴随...发生”。 2) In industry these days the interconnection of variable-speed drives and programmable logic controllers (PLCs) to automate production lines and control motors is a common example of a computer system. 如今在工业中，将变速器和可变成逻辑控制器互连 起来，用以使生产自动化和控制电机，就是一个常见的计算机系统实例。 注释：此句的主语是interconnection。介词短语of variable-speed drives and programmable logic controllers (PLCs) to automate production lines and control motors只是主语的修饰语，谓语动词是 is。 Computer Systems
3)In other words, a com puter is a fast and accurate sym bol manipulating system that is organized to accept, store, and process data and produce output results under the direction of a stored program of instructions.换句话说,计算机是一种能接收、存 储和处理数据,并能产生输出结果的快速、精确的符号加工系统,这一 系统是在存储指令程序控制下工作的。 注释:定语从句中的不定式 to accept, store, and process……用作目 的状语;介词短语 under the direction of a stored program of instructions则是方式状语。 4)Regardless of the type of device used, all are components for interpretation and communication between people and com puter systems.不论使用哪种设备,它们都是人与计算机系统之间进行解释 和通信的部件。 注释: Regardless of相当于 with no heed to; in spite of不论;尽管; a指代所有种类的设备。 2021/2/20 P3 End
2021/2/20 P.3 3) In other words, a computer is a fast and accurate symbol manipulating system that is organized to accept, store, and process data and produce output results under the direction of a stored program of instructions. 换句话说，计算机是一种能接收、存 储和处理数据，并能产生输出结果的快速、精确的符号加工系统，这一 系统是在存储指令程序控制下工作的。 注释：定语从句中的不定式to accept, store, and process……用作目 的状语；介词短语under the direction of a stored program of instructions则是方式状语。 4) Regardless of the type of device used, all are components for interpretation and communication between people and computer systems. 不论使用哪种设备，它们都是人与计算机系统之间进行解释 和通信的部件。 注释：Regardless of相当于with no heed to; in spite of 不论;尽管； all指代所有种类的设备。 End
L Part 2 Word Study 1. combination n.集合体 11 magnetizable adi.可磁化的 2. typical adj.典型的 12. coat v.涂上,包上 3. state n.规定;说明 13. flexible adi,柔软的 4. classify v.归于;分类 14. floppy adj软的 5. component n.组件 l15. arithmetic-logic section算术逻辑部件 6. interconnection n.互连 l6 instrument n.器械,器具 7. variable-speed drive变速器17 machine-coded adj机器编码的 8. programmable adj可编程的18 magnetic tape drive磁带机 9. automate v.使自动化 19 econdary storage units辅助存储单元 10. manipulate v.操作 20. peripheral adj外围的 个如2Ek
2021/2/20 P.4 End 1. combination n. 集合体 11. magnetizable adj. 可磁化的 2. typical adj. 典型的 12. coat v. 涂上, 包上 3. state n. 规定；说明 13. flexible adj. 柔软的 4. classify v. 归于；分类 14. floppy adj. 软的 5. component n. 组件 15.arithmetic-logic section 算术逻辑部件 6. interconnection n. 互连 16.instrument n. 器械, 器具 7. variable-speed drive 变速器 17.machine-coded adj. 机器编码的 8. programmable adj. 可编程的 18.magnetic tape drive 磁带机 9. automate v. 使自动化 19.secondary storage units辅助存储单元 10. manipulate v. 操作 20.peripheral adj. 外围的 & Part 2 Word Study
Part3 Practice on Text Task 1: Listening training Dictation of some key words Directions: You will hear some key words twice, most of which are taken from the Word Study. Then finish the Crossword Puzzle. ( See you book p. 2. Dictation of some key expressions Directions: You will hear some key expressions twice, most of which are taken from this text. Then you are asked to complete the missing words 1) arithmetic-logic section:4) online workstations 2)production.lines 5)variable-speed drives 3)primary storage section 6)magnetic_tape drives 2021/2/20 P.5
2021/2/20 P.5 Task 1: Listening training Dictation of some key words Directions: You will hear some key words twice, most of which are taken from the Word Study. Then finish the Crossword Puzzle. (See you book p. ) 2. Dictation of some key expressions Directions: You will hear some key expressions twice, most of which are taken from this text. Then you are asked to complete the missing words. @ Part3 Practice on Text 1) arithmetic-logic_________ 2) ______________lines 3) primary __________section 4) ___________workstations 5) variable-speed__________ 6) _______________tape drives section production storage online drives magnetic
Task 2. Read. Write and Translate Read and Reply Directions: Students are required to read aloud the whole text after the teacher. Then give short answers to the following questions a) Why is the simplest com puter classified as a com puter system? Because at least two com ponents(hardware and software) have to work together b)What is the basic organization of a computer system according to the third paragraph? Input, processing, and output devices. c) What do additional direct input devices include? The mouse, input pen, touch screen, and microphone 2021/2/20 P.6
2021/2/20 P.6 Read and Reply Directions:Students are required to read aloud the whole text after the teacher. Then give short answers to the following questions: Task 2: Read, Write and Translate Because at least two components (hardware and software) have to work together. Input, processing, and output devices. The mouse, input pen, touch screen, and microphone. c) What do additional direct input devices include? a) Why is the simplest computer classified as a computer system? b) What is the basic organization of a computer system according to the third paragraph?
Read and Judge (F) Atypical com puter system has memory and set of states that define the relationship between the system's hardware and software (T)2)Many computer systems can link to each other so as to become a bigger system (T )3) The primary storage section, the arithmetic-logic section and the control section can be found in the CPU of a typical personal computersystem (F)4)Output devices are not used for interpretation and communication between humans and computer systems of all sizes (F) display screen is a popular output device while a desktop printer is a popular input device 2021/2/20 P7 End
2021/2/20 P.7 ( )1) A typical computer system has memory and set of states that define the relationship between the system's hardware and software. ( )2) Many computer systems can link to each other so as to become a bigger system. ( )3) The primary storage section, the arithmetic-logic section, and the control section can be found in the CPU of a typical personal computer system. ( )4) Output devices are not used for interpretation and communication between humans and computer systems of all sizes. ( )5) A display screen is a popular output device while a desktop printer is a popular input device. Read and Judge End F T T F F
Read and Complete Directions: Read the following short passage. Complete it by filling in the missing words A to buy B general idea C explain D. hardware E buying F explanation G how H. main memory I Models J spending Buying a home computer can be a bit like 1).E acar. There are many makes and 2)I., and many people willing to give advice about what to buy and where 3) A it. Anyhow, to keep your money really worth)Js, you should at least get the 5)B of the hardware system. Most of you might have learnt that a 6)D system is made up of five parts-input device, Arithmetic Logic Unit, 7)H, controller and output device. But few of you can really 8) C what they are and 9)G they work. So here let s give you the 1)F in a sim ple way WZZ 2021/2/20 P 8 End
2021/2/20 P.8 Directions:Read the following short passage. Complete it by filling in the missing words. A. to buy B. general idea C. explain D. hardware E. buying F. explanation G. how H. main memory I. Models J. spending Buying a home computer can be a bit like 1)________a car. There are many makes and 2)________, and many people willing to give advice about what to buy and where 3)________it. Anyhow, to keep your money really worth4)________, you should at least get the 5)________of the hardware system. Most of you might have learnt that a 6)________system is made up of five parts—input device, Arithmetic Logic Unit, 7)_______, controller and output device. But few of you can really 8)________what they are and 9)________they work. So here let’s give you the 1)___________in a simple way. Read and Complete End E I A J B D H C G F
Read and Translate Directions: Put the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given )在图书馆,图书通常按学科分类。( classify) In a library, books are classified by subjects The impl2)人们生活水平高随着全球经济的快速发展而提高。(com ment of people s life comes with the rapid growth of the globa我们警告他的危险,他还是坚持要和我们一块几去 He insisted that he go with us regardless of what danger we warned him of 4)众所周知,这座大楼将建在市中心。( ocate It is known to all that the new building will be located in the center of town 5)昨天晚上你出了什么事,请将详情告诉我们吧。( in detail Please tell us what happened to you last night in detail G20212120P9WG End 1
2021/2/20 P.9 1)在图书馆，图书通常按学科分类。（classify） 2)人们生活水平高随着全球经济的快速发展而提高。（come with 3)不顾我们警告他的危险，他还是坚持要和我们一块儿去。(regardless of) 4)众所周知，这座大楼将建在市中心。(locate) 5)昨天晚上你出了什么事，请将详情告诉我们吧。(in detail) Read and Translate Directions:Put the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given. End In a library, books are classified by subjects. The improvement of people’s life comes with the rapid growth of the global economy. He insisted that he go with us regardless of what danger we warned him of. It is known to all that the new building will be located in the center of town. Please tell us what happened to you last night in detail
m Part4 Extensive Reading /Hybrid Memories As memory technology has matured in recent years, the line between RAM and roM has blurred使模糊).NoW, several types of memory combine features of both. These devices do not belong to either group and can be collectively referred to as hybrid混合的 memory devices. Hybrid memories can be read and written as desired, like RAM, but maintain their contents without electrical power, just like ROM. Two of the hybrid devices, EEPROM and flash, are descendants(后裔,后代 of roM devices. These are typically used to store code. The third hybrid, NVRAM, is a modified version of SRAM. NVRAM usually holds persistent持久的,永久的data EEPROMs are electrically-erasable-and-programmable. Internally, they are similarto EPROMS, but the erase operation is accomplished electrically, rather than by exposure to ultraviolet(yp 线的川 light. Any byte within an EEPROM may be erased and rewritten 202120P10
2021/2/20 P.10 Hybrid Memories As memory technology has matured in recent years, the line between RAM and ROM has blurred(使模糊). Now, several types of memory combine features of both. These devices do not belong to either group and can be collectively referred to as hybrid(混合的) memory devices. Hybrid memories can be read and written as desired, like RAM, but maintain their contents without electrical power, just like ROM. Two of the hybrid devices, EEPROM and flash, are descendants(后裔, 后代)of ROM devices. These are typically used to store code. The third hybrid, NVRAM, is a modified version of SRAM. NVRAM usually holds persistent(持久的，永久的)data. EEPROMs are electrically-erasable-and-programmable. Internally, they are similar to EPROMs, but the erase operation is accomplished electrically, rather than by exposure to ultraviolet(紫外 线的)light. Any byte within an EEPROM may be erased and rewritten & Part4 Extensive Reading
