Chapter Three Data Transfer in Digital Circuits Unit 12 a part 1 Notes to Text L Part4 Extensive Reading Part 2 Word Study Part5 Notes to Passage Part3 Practice on Text Part6 Practice on Passage 2021/2/20 P1
2021/2/20 P.1 Unit 12 Data Transfer in Digital Circuits Chapter Three @ Part 1 Notes to Text & Part4 Extensive Reading & Part 2 Word Study @ Part5 Notes to Passage @ Part3 Practice on Text @ Part6 Practice on Passage
a Part 1 Notes to text Data Transfer in Digital Circuits 1)Data is typically grouped into packets that are either 8, 16, or 32 bits long, and passed between temporary holding units called registers.人们通常(或往往)将数据打包,使之形成不是8、16位,就 是32位长的数据包。这样一来,数据便可以在被称作寄存器的临时贮存 单元之间进行传递。 注释:该句可视为并列复合句;第一分句中包含了定语从句 that are either8,16,or32 bits long;注意副词 typically,原意为“代表性地, 作为特色地”,但此处则表示“通常,往往”的意思;第二分句 passed between tem porary holding units called registers中由于主 语和谓语中的助动词与第一分句的完全相同,故被省略 2) To transfer data from one register to another, the output conductors of one register are switched onto a channel of parallel wires referred to as a bus.为了在不同的寄存器中传输数据,寄存器 的输出导线可与谓之总线的平行线信道相连接。 注释:该句是个简单句,谓语采用了被动形式;不定式 To transfer data from one register to another显然是目的状语; referred to as a bus 是过去分词短语作定语,修饰 parallel wires,相当于一个定语从句 which are referred to as a bus 2021/2/20 P2
2021/2/20 P.2 @ Part 1 Notes to Text 1)Data is typically grouped into packets that are either 8, 16, or 32 bits long, and passed between temporary holding units called registers.人们通常（或往往）将数据打包，使之形成不是8、16位，就 是32位长的数据包。这样一来，数据便可以在被称作寄存器的临时贮存 单元之间进行传递。 注释：该句可视为并列复合句；第一分句中包含了定语从句that are either 8, 16, or 32 bits long；注意副词typically，原意为“代表性地, 作为特色地”，但此处则表示“通常，往往”的意思；第二分句 passed between temporary holding units called registers中由于主 语和谓语中的助动词与第一分句的完全相同，故被省略。 2）To transfer data from one register to another, the output conductors of one register are switched onto a channel of parallel wires referred to as a bus. 为了在不同的寄存器中传输数据，寄存器 的输出导线可与谓之总线的平行线信道相连接。 注释：该句是个简单句，谓语采用了被动形式；不定式To transfer data from one register to another 显然是目的状语；referred to as a bus 是过去分词短语作定语，修饰parallel wires，相当于一个定语从句 which are referred to as a bus。 Data Transfer in Digital Circuits
3) It is important to note that after any digital data transfer, the source and destination registers are equal; the source register is not erased when the data is sent.需要注意的是,在数据被传输 后,源寄存器和目标寄存器中的数据是同等的,源寄存器并不会因此 而被删除。 注释:此句是tis+adj+ to do sth句型。t是形式主语,不定式是 真正的主语;that引导的从句充当note的宾语。该宾语从句中包含了 两个时间状语从句;分别是 after any digital data transfer和when the data is sent;两个并列的分句,分别是: the source and destination registers are equal HThe source register is not erased。 4) Not only will a bus contention result in the loss of information, but it also may damage the electronic circuitry. A 线竟用不仅会造成信息的丢失,而且还会对电子电路系统造成损害。 注释: Not only, but also.…“不但……而且……”,是表示递 进关系的句型。因为句子以表示否定意义的no开头,所以前半部分要 用部分倒装的语序。 2021/2/20 P3
2021/2/20 P.3 3）It is important to note that after any digital data transfer, the source and destination registers are equal; the source register is not erased when the data is sent. 需要注意的是，在数据被传输 后，源寄存器和目标寄存器中的数据是同等的，源寄存器并不会因此 而被删除。 注释：此句是It is + adj. + to do sth.句型。it是形式主语，不定式是 真正的主语； that引导的从句充当note的宾语。该宾语从句中包含了 两个时间状语从句；分别是after any digital data transfer和when the data is sent；两个并列的分句，分别是：the source and destination registers are equal和the source register is not erased。 4）Not only will a bus contention result in the loss of information, but it also may damage the electronic circuitry. 总 线竟用不仅会造成信息的丢失，而且还会对电子电路系统造成损害。 注释：Not only……, but also…… “不但……而且……”，是表示递 进关系的句型。因为句子以表示否定意义的not开头，所以前半部分要 用部分倒装的语序
5) Bus signals that exit microprocessor chips and other VLSI circuitry are electrically capable of traversing about one foot of conductor on a printed circuit board, if many devices are connected to it.如果有许多设备与同一印刷电 路板相连,微处理器芯片中的总线信号以及它ⅥS|电路系统 中的总线信号就能以电子的形式通过印刷电路板上大约一英尺 长的导线。 注释:此句是复合句。主句的主要结构是“主语(Bus signals)+谓语(are)+表语( capable of.)”;定语从句 that exit microprocessor chips and other VLSI circuitry 饰主语;if引导条件状语从句。 2021/2/20 P4 End
2021/2/20 P.4 5）Bus signals that exit microprocessor chips and other VLSI circuitry are electrically capable of traversing about one foot of conductor on a printed circuit board, if many devices are connected to it. 如果有许多设备与同一印刷电 路板相连，微处理器芯片中的总线信号以及它VLSI电路系统 中的总线信号就能以电子的形式通过印刷电路板上大约一英尺 长的导线。 注释：此句是复合句。主句的主要结构是“主语（Bus signals）+谓语（are）+表语（capable of…）”；定语从句 that exit microprocessor chips and other VLSI circuitry修 饰主语；if引导条件状语从句。 End
L Part 2 Word Study 1. capture v.获取 10 traverse v.经过;通过 2. content n.内容 1 .susceptible adj.敏感的 3. erase v.删除 12 distortion n.失真 4 conflict n.冲突 13. environment n.环境 5. contention n.竞争 14pinn.管脚 6. circuitry n.电路,电路系统 15. amplifier n.信号增强器 7. half-duplex channels n.半双工信道16. buffer n.缓冲 8. integrated circuit集成电路 17 boost v.推进 9. chip r.芯片 18 distribution n.分配 2021/2/20 P.5 End
2021/2/20 P.5 End 1. capture v. 获取 10.traverse v. 经过；通过 2. content n. 内容 11.susceptible adj. 敏感的 3. erase v. 删除 12.distortion n. 失真 4. conflict n. 冲突 13.environment n. 环境 5. contention n. 竞争 14.pin n. 管脚 6. circuitry n. 电路，电路系统 15.amplifier n. 信号增强器 7. half-duplex channels n. 半双工信道 16.buffer n. 缓冲 8. integrated circuit 集成电路 17.boost v. 推进 9. chip n. 芯片 18.distribution n. 分配 & Part 2 Word Study
Part3 Practice on Text Task 1: Listening training Dictation of some key words Directions: You will hear some key words twice, most of which are taken from the Word Study. Then finish the Crossword Puzzle. ( See you book p. 2. Dictation of some key expressions Directions: You will hear some key expressions twice, most of which are taken from this text. Then you are asked to complete the missing words 1)temporary_holding units4)in the_destinationregister 2)the output_conductors 5)a central control unit 3)a channel of parallel wires. 6)external noise and distortion 2021/2/20 P.6
2021/2/20 P.6 Task 1: Listening training Dictation of some key words Directions: You will hear some key words twice, most of which are taken from the Word Study. Then finish the Crossword Puzzle. (See you book p. ) 2. Dictation of some key expressions Directions: You will hear some key expressions twice, most of which are taken from this text. Then you are asked to complete the missing words. @ Part3 Practice on Text 1) temporary________________ 2) _______________conductors 3) _______________parallel wires 4) in the _______________register 5) a central_______________ 6) external____________________ holding units the output a channel of destination control unit noise and distortion
Task 2. Read. Write and Translate Read and Reply Directions: Students are required to read aloud the whole text after the teacher. Then give short answers to the following questions a) How can data be transferred from one register to another? The output conductors of one register are switched onto a channel of parallel wires referred to as a bus. The input conductors of another register, which is also connected to the bus b)What' s the result of a bus contention? Not only will a bus contention result in the loss of information but it also may damage the electronic circuitry. c)What s the function of the buffer circuits? Special buffer circuits may be added to boost the bus signals sufficiently for transmission over several additional feet of conductor length, or for distribution to many other chips 2021/2/20 P7
2021/2/20 P.7 Read and Reply Directions:Students are required to read aloud the whole text after the teacher. Then give short answers to the following questions: a) How can data be transferred from one register to another? b) What’s the result of a bus contention? Task 2: Read, Write and Translate The output conductors of one register are switched onto a channel of parallel wires referred to as a bus. The input conductors of another register, which is also connected to the bus. Not only will a bus contention result in the loss of information, but it also may damage the electronic circuitry. Special buffer circuits may be added to boost the bus signals sufficiently for transmission over several additional feet of conductor length, or for distribution to many other chips. c) What’s the function of the buffer circuits?
Read and Judge (F) Data within a register is available in parallel because each bit exits in the register on the same conductor. (F)2) After any digital data is transferred to the destination registers, the source register is erased (T)3) As long as all registers in a system are linked to one central control unit and the circuit has been designed properly, bus contentions should never occur. T)4)Now it is not possible to integrate all the necessary circuitry for a com puter on a single chip (F )5) Amplifiers may be added to the destination register G20212120P8G End 1
2021/2/20 P.8 ( )1) Data within a register is available in parallel because each bit exits in the register on the same conductor. ( )2) After any digital data is transferred to the destination registers, the source register is erased. ( )3) As long as all registers in a system are linked to one central control unit and the circuit has been designed properly, bus contentions should never occur. ( )4) Now it is not possible to integrate all the necessary circuitry for a computer on a single chip. ( )5) Amplifiers may be added to the destination register: Read and Judge End F F T T F
Read and Complete Directions: Read the following short passage. Complete it by filling in the missing words A flow B. temperature C. movable D conductivity E ratio F inverse G potential H resistance I. mass J proportional All conductors contain 1)C electric charges which will move when an electric 2) difference (measured in volts)is applied across separate points on a wire (etc) made from the material. This 3)A of charge (measured in amperes) is what is meant by electric current. In most materials, the amount of current is 4)J to the voltage (Ohm's Law) provided the 5)B remains constant and the material remains in the same shape and state. The 6)between the voltage and the current is called the resistance(measured in ohms)of the object between the points where the voltage was applied. The 7)H across a standard 8)I(and shape)of a material at a given temperature is called the resistivity of the material The 9)F of resistance and resistivity is conductance and 10)D 2021/2/20 .9y End
2021/2/20 P.9 Directions:Read the following short passage. Complete it by filling in the missing words. A. flow B. temperature C. movable D. conductivity E. ratio F. inverse G. potential H. resistance I. mass J. proportional All conductors contain 1)____ electric charges which will move when an electric 2)___ difference (measured in volts) is applied across separate points on a wire (etc) made from the material. This 3)____ of charge (measured in amperes) is what is meant by electric current. In most materials, the amount of current is 4)____ to the voltage (Ohm's Law) provided the 5)____ remains constant and the material remains in the same shape and state. The 6)____ between the voltage and the current is called the resistance (measured in ohms) of the object between the points where the voltage was applied. The 7)____ across a standard 8)____ (and shape) of a material at a given temperature is called the resistivity of the material. The 9)____ of resistance and resistivity is conductance and 10)____. Read and Complete End C G A J B E H I F D
Read and Translate Directions: Put the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given 1)只要你登陆这个网站,就能轻松获取有关的信息。 As long as you lea ottis website, you can capture the related information easily. Staying in the2处领导魯的地他经常体酸贵中徽史间的 conflict betwe即突uty( surefire The railway traverses the country in another 5 years. 3)再过5年,这条铁路将横贯全国。 The fact was proved that the reform and opening could boost the developme的明om改烦態帷动中国的经济发展。 (boost) So far, none of the countries in the world can make the distribution of前e界上还没有哪个国家能够做到平均地分配财 富的。( distribution) 202120P10 End
2021/2/20 P.10 Read and Translate Directions:Put the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given. End As long as you log on this website, you can capture the related information easily. Staying in the position of a leader, he often experiences the conflict between duty and desire. The railway traverses the country in another 5 years. The fact was proved that the reform and opening could boost the development of economy in China. So far, none of the countries in the world can make the distribution of wealth even. 1)只要你登陆这个网站，就能轻松获取有关的信息。 （capture） 2)处于领导者的地位，他经常体会到责任与欲望之间的 冲突。 (conflict) 3)再过5年，这条铁路将横贯全国。 4)事实证明，改革开放能推动中国的经济发展。 （boost） 5)目前，世界上还没有哪个国家能够做到平均地分配财 富的。（distribution）