Unit 1 Festivals around the world 核心单词 1. starve vt.&vi.(使)饿死;饥饿:渴望,急需:饿得要死 She s starving herself trying to lose weight. 她为了减肥而忍饥挨饿。 常用结构: starve for渴望得到… starve to death饿死 be starved of极需,缺乏 starve sh. into sth./ doing sth.使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事 The plants are starving for water.这些植物极需要水。 They got lost in the desert and starved to death. 他们在沙漠中迷了路而被饿死了。 The engine was starved of petrol and wouldnt start. 发动机缺油,发动不起来。 联想拓展 starvation n.挨饿:饿死 高手过招 (1)单项填空 Many peopl death in the earthquake as a result of the delay of the supplies.(2009·12·陕西西安检测) A. were starved of B. starved to C. were starved starved for (2)用 starve相关短语的适当形式填空(原创) ① Thousands of people in africa ② These children are 3The people on the island fresh water since it hadn t rained for near ly half a year
- 1 - Unit 1 Festivals around the world 核心单词 1. starve vt.&vi. (使)饿死；饥饿；渴望，急需；饿得要死 She s starving herself trying to lose weight. 她为了减肥而忍饥挨饿。 常用结构： starve for 渴望得到…… starve to death 饿死 be starved of 极需，缺乏 starve sb. into sth./ doing sth.使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事 The plants are starving for water.这些植物极需要水。 They got lost in the desert and starved to death. 他们在沙漠中迷了路而被饿死了。 The engine was starved of petrol and wouldn’t start. 发动机缺油，发动不起来。 联想拓展 starvation n. 挨饿；饿死 高手过招 (1)单项填空 Many people death in the earthquake as a result of the delay of the supplies.(2009·12·陕西西安检测) A. were starved of B. starved to C. were starved D. starved for (2)用 starve 相关短语的适当形式填空 （原创） ①Thousands of people in Africa. ②These children are love. ③The people on the island fresh water since it hadn’t rained for nearly half a year
解析:(1)选B。 starve to death为固定搭配,意为“饿死”,符合句意。 be starved of与 starve for均为“渴望”之意 (2)starved to death/ died of starvation ② starving for③ were starved of It is my belief that..我相信…… He has great belief in his doctor.他对他的医生无比信赖 She has lost her belief in god.她已不相信上帝。 高手过招 用 brief相关短语的适当形式填空 ① He came to me I could help him. that nuclear weapons are immoral @The cruelty of the murders was 答案: in the belief that② It is my belief ③ beyond belief 2. belief n.\信任;信仰,信心 believe vi.&vt.相信 常用结构 have belief in sth./sb.对某物/某人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心 beyond belief难以置信 in the belief that...相信…… n.获得;增加;获利,获得物;收益;利润 vt.得到;获得,赢得,增加,增添,到达:(钟、表等)快 He gained full marks in the examination.他考试得了满分 For the first time in her life she gained a clear idea of how vast the world is 她生平第一次明确地知道世界是多么大 The company has made notable gains in productivity. 该公司在生产能力方面己经有了明显的提高 My watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快5分钟
- 2 - 解析: (1)选 B。starve to death 为固定搭配，意为“饿死”，符合句意。be starved of 与 starve for 均为“渴望”之意。 (2)①starved to death/died of starvation ②starving for③were starved of It is my belief that ...我相信…… He has great belief in his doctor.他对他的医生无比信赖。 She has lost her belief in God.她已不相信上帝。 高手过招 用 brief 相关短语的适当形式填空 ①He came to me I could help him. ② that nuclear weapons are immoral. ③The cruelty of the murders was . 答案： ①in the belief that②It is my belief ③beyond belief 2. belief n. \ 信任；信仰，信心 believe vi.&vt. 相信 常用结构： have belief in sth./sb. 对某物/某人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心 beyond belief 难以置信 in the belief that ... 相信…… 3. gain n. 获得；增加；获利，获得物；收益；利润 vt. 得到；获得，赢得，增加，增添，到达；（钟、表等）快 He gained full marks in the examination.他考试得了满分。 For the first time in her life she gained a clear idea of how vast the world is. 她生平第一次明确地知道世界是多么大。 The company has made notable gains in productivity. 该公司在生产能力方面已经有了明显的提高。 My watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快 5 分钟
易混辨析 in/win/get/earn/acquire gain指在斗争,竞争中做出很大努力而“获得……”,所得到的东西常具有一定价值。 win含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思,意为“赢得” get为普通词,有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到” earn意为“赚得”,表示经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬。 acquire意为“获得,取得”,一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得 高手过招 选词填空(beat/ defeat/ conquer/win) (原创) ①I’ m new in the job but i have already experience. ease me a glass of water. ③ His perseverance him many friends and a gold medal OHe up to $50, 000 a year by writing stories. ⑤ After six years’ study, he has a good knowledge of English 答案:① gained②get③ has won④ earns⑤ acquired 4. award vt.授予,奖给(后多接双宾语,在多数场合下用被动形式 be awarded);判定 n.奖,奖品;奖金 Medals were awarded to the best speakers on the debating team. 奖章授给了辩论队中的最佳演说者。 He got the highest award in the contest. 他得到了比赛的最高奖。 易混辨析 award/prize/reward award既可作动词也可作名词,指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行 的奖励,往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。 prize为名词,多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得,有的 凭运气获得。 reward既可作动词也可作名词,指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯 或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金
- 3 - 易混辨析 gain/win/get/earn/acquire gain 指在斗争，竞争中做出很大努力而“获得……”，所得到的东西常具有一定价值。 win 含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为“赢得”。 get 为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到”。 earn 意为“赚得”，表示经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬。 acquire 意为“获得，取得”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。 高手过招 选词填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win） （原创） ①I’m new in the job but I have already experience. ②Please me a glass of water. ③His perseverance him many friends and a gold medal. ④He up to $50,000 a year by writing stories. ⑤After six years’ study, he has a good knowledge of English. 答案： ①gained②get③has won④earns⑤acquired 4. award vt. 授予，奖给(后多接双宾语，在多数场合下用被动形式 be awarded);判定 n.奖，奖品；奖金 Medals were awarded to the best speakers on the debating team. 奖章授给了辩论队中的最佳演说者。 He got the highest award in the contest. 他得到了比赛的最高奖。 易混辨析 award/prize/reward award 既可作动词也可作名词，指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行 的奖励，往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。 prize 为名词，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的 凭运气获得。 reward 既可作动词也可作名词，指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯 或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金
He won the award for the best student of the year. 他获得本年度最优秀学生奖。 a prize was given to the person who had the winning number.奖品奖给了那个获得中奖 号码的人 He received a medal as a reward for his courage. 他得到一枚奖章,作为对他勇敢的奖励 高手过招 单项填空 Three university departments have been 8600, 000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.(2009·12·江苏泰兴检测) A Promoted B included C Secured D awarded 解析:选D。考査词义辨析。 promote促进,提升; include包括; secure保证,使安全; award 授予,奖给。根据句意“被奖励了60,000美元”可知,D项正确 5. admire vt.赞美;钦佩:羡慕。其后可接人或物作宾语,但不可以接宾语从句作宾语 admiration n.赞美,钦佩:;令人赞美的人或物 admirer n.钦佩者;羡慕者 admire sb. for sth.因某事钦佩或羡慕某人 express admiration for sb.对某人表示钦佩 have great admiration for sb.十分钦佩某人 in admiration of表示钦佩 with/ in admiration心怀钦佩地 They admired our garden.他们羡慕我们的花园。 I admire him for his success in business 我羡慕他事业有成 ren t you going to admire my new house? 你难道不想夸夸我的新房子吗? 联想拓展 warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物
- 4 - He won the award for the best student of the year. 他获得本年度最优秀学生奖。 A prize was given to the person who had the winning number.奖品奖给了那个获得中奖 号码的人。 He received a medal as a reward for his courage. 他得到一枚奖章，作为对他勇敢的奖励。 高手过招 单项填空 Three university departments have been $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.(2009·12·江苏泰兴检测) A.Promoted B.included C.Secured D.awarded 解析:选 D。考查词义辨析。promote 促进，提升；include 包括；secure 保证，使安全；award 授予，奖给。根据句意“被奖励了 600,000 美元”可知，D 项正确。 5. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕。其后可接人或物作宾语，但不可以接宾语从句作宾语。 admiration n. 赞美，钦佩；令人赞美的人或物 admirer n. 钦佩者；羡慕者 admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩或羡慕某人 express admiration for sb. 对某人表示钦佩 have great admiration for sb. 十分钦佩某人 in admiration of 表示钦佩 with/in admiration 心怀钦佩地 They admired our garden.他们羡慕我们的花园。 I admire him for his success in business. 我羡慕他事业有成。 Aren t you going to admire my new house? 你难道不想夸夸我的新房子吗？ 联想拓展 warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物
rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱/除去某物 suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事 accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事 demand answer of sb.要求某人答复 ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙 高手过招 完成句子 (原创) DStop looking in the mirror (自我欣赏) vIsitors to Beijing usually (钦佩那里的警察) ③ DOur school is widely (羡慕) its excellent teaching 答案:① admiring yoursel② admire the policemen there ③ admired for 6. remind vt.提醒;使想起 常用结构 remind sb.of/ about sth.提醒某人记住/想起某事 remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind sb.that.提醒某人/使某人想起… I reminded Gerald of his promise.我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言 Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 请提醒我明天给我母亲写信 高手过招 翻译句子 (原创) ①这些照片使我想起我的童年。 ②请提醒我每天服三次药。 答案:① These photos remind me of my childhood @pLease remind me to take my medicine three time /Please remind me that I
- 5 - rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱/除去某物 suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事 accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事 demand answer of sb.要求某人答复 ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙 高手过招 完成句子 （原创） ①Stop looking in the mirror (自我欣赏). ②Visitors to Beijing usually (钦佩那里的警察). ③Our school is widely (羡慕) its excellent teaching . 答案： ①admiring yourself②admire the policemen there ③admired for 6. remind vt. 提醒；使想起 常用结构: remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人记住/想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that ...提醒某人/使某人想起…… I reminded Gerald of his promise.我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。 Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。 高手过招 翻译句子 （原创） ①这些照片使我想起我的童年。 ②请提醒我每天服三次药。 答案： ①These photos remind me of my childhood. ②Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day. /Please remind me that I
should take my medicine three times a day. 7. permission n.\许可,允许 permit vt.准许,许可,允许 n.许可(证);执照 常用结构: with/ without(ones) permIssion得到允许/未经允许 ask sb. for permission征求某人的许可 give sb. permission to do sth.允许某人做某事 have one s permission得到某人的同意 高手过招 完成句子 ① They entered the area (未经允许) (2You will need to obtain planning (许可证) if you want to extend your 答案:① without permission② permIssion 8. clothing n.(总称)衣服,服装\ Check your be longings and make sure you don t leave your articles of clothing behind. 检查你的行李,不要丢下衣物。 Food, clothing and shelter are everyone s priorities. 衣食住行是每一个人优先考虑的事情。 易错辨析 clothing/clothes/cloth clothing是衣服、被褥的总称,为不可数名词 clothes指包括上衣、裤子、内衣、外衣等在内的具体的衣服,它没有单数形式,只能说 many/some/ a few clothes; cloth则指做衣服所用的布料,为不可数名词 高手过招 选词填空( clothing/ clothes/ cloth) ①The industry in this area has been going from strength to strength
- 6 - should take my medicine three times a day. 7. permission n. \许可，允许 permit vt. 准许，许可，允许 n. 许可(证）；执照 常用结构： with/without (one s) permission 得到允许/未经允许 ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可 give sb. permission to do sth. 允许某人做某事 have one s permission 得到某人的同意 高手过招 完成句子 ①They entered the area (未经允许). ②You will need to obtain planning (许可证) if you want to extend your house. 答案： ①without permission②permission 8. clothing n. (总称)衣服，服装\ Check your belongings and make sure you don t leave your articles of clothing behind. 检查你的行李，不要丢下衣物。 Food, clothing and shelter are everyone s priorities. 衣食住行是每一个人优先考虑的事情。 易错辨析 clothing/clothes/cloth clothing 是衣服、被褥的总称，为不可数名词； clothes 指包括上衣、裤子、内衣、外衣等在内的具体的衣服，它没有单数形式，只能说 many/some/a few clothes; cloth 则指做衣服所用的布料，为不可数名词。 高手过招 选词填空(clothing/clothes/cloth) ①The industry in this area has been going from strength to strength
It’ s cold outside.You’ d better put on more ow mu does it take to make a blouse for a girl 答案:① clothing② clothes③ cloth 重点短语 发生;举行 In the meantime, an economic crisis took place in that country. 在此期间那个国家发生了经济危机 The Olympic Games take place every four years 奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次 联想拓展 take one s place= take the place of.代替 take the first place获得第一名 in place of代替 易错辨析 take place/ happen/ break out/occur take place通常表示计划、安排之内的“发生” happen指事情偶然的发生,常带有未能预见的含义;另外,还有“碰巧”之意。 break out指火灾、战争或瘟疫的突然爆发 ocur指按计划发生,常指(某想法、某事)出现在某人的头脑中。常见结构: It occurs/ occurred tosb.that表示“某人想起某事” It occurred to me that i had forgotten my keys 我想起了我忘了带钥匙 高手过招 完成句子 (原创) OIt was in the church that their wedding 举行) 2Will you attend the meeting (代替)me? (请就座), please! We re ready to start ④It’ s hard to find a man to (代替)the present manager
- 7 - ②It’s cold outside. You’d better put on more . ③How much does it take to make a blouse for a girl? 答案：①clothing②clothes③cloth 重点短语 9. take place 发生；举行 In the meantime, an economic crisis took place in that country. 在此期间那个国家发生了经济危机。 The Olympic Games take place every four years. 奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。 联想拓展 take one s place=take the place of ...代替…… take the first place 获得第一名 in place of 代替 易错辨析 take place/happen/break out/occur take place 通常表示计划、安排之内的“发生”。 happen 指事情偶然的发生，常带有未能预见的含义；另外，还有“碰巧”之意。 break out 指火灾、战争或瘟疫的突然爆发。 occur 指按计划发生，常指（某想法、某事）出现在某人的头脑中。常见结构：It occurs/occurred to sb. that 表示“某人想起某事”。 It occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys. 我想起了我忘了带钥匙。 高手过招 完成句子 （原创） ①It was in the church that their wedding (举行). ②Will you attend the meeting (代替) me? ③ (请就座), please! We re ready to start. ④It’s hard to find a man to (代替) the present manager
⑤ Liu xiang (获得第一名) in the110 m hurdle race. 答案:① took place② in place of③ Take your place/seat ④ take the place of⑤ took the first place 10. in memory of = to the memory of纪念:追念 Many ceremonies are in memory of famous peopl 很多典礼是为了纪念名人的 The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist 这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建的 联想拓展 in honour of为了纪念……;向……表示敬意 in praise of歌颂;称赞 in favour of赞同,支持 in charge of负责 n need of需要;缺少 in search of寻找 in possession of拥有 高手过招 (1)单项填空 This monument was built the little hero (2009·12·陕西咸阳检测) A. in place of B. in search of C. in memory of D (2)用由“in+n.tof”构成的短语填空(原创) ① A monument was set up(纪念) the dead soldiers ② He founded the charity(兴办那项慈善事业 怀念) his late wife ③ If you are (需要) anything,don’ t hesitate to let me know @In the discussion, I was (支持)MrLi 解析:(1)选C。考查短语辨析。句意为:这座纪念碑是为纪念那位小英雄而建的。 in place
- 8 - ⑤Liu Xiang (获得第一名) in the 110m hurdle race. 答案：①took place②in place of③Take your place/seat ④take the place of⑤took the first place 10. in memory of =to the memory of 纪念；追念 Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people. 很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。 The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建的。 联想拓展 in honour of 为了纪念……；向……表示敬意 in praise of 歌颂；称赞 in favour of 赞同, 支持 in charge of 负责 in need of 需要；缺少 in search of 寻找 in possession of 拥有 高手过招 (1)单项填空 This monument was built the little hero. (2009·12·陕西咸阳检测) A. in place of B. in search of C. in memory of D. in need of （2）用由“in+n.+of”构成的短语填空（原创） ①A monument was set up (纪念) the dead soldiers. ②He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业) (怀念) his late wife. ③If you are (需要) anything, don’t hesitate to let me know. ④In the discussion, I was (支持) Mr Li. 解析: （1）选 C。考查短语辨析。句意为：这座纪念碑是为纪念那位小英雄而建的。in place
of代替: in search of搜寻; in memory of为纪念…; in need of需要。 (2)① in memory/ honour ofo② in memory of ③ in need of④ in favour of 11. dress dres作“打扮自己或打扮某人”讲,与介词as/like连用或用于 dress up as sb./ dress up for sth.结构 We are supposed to dress up as movie characters for the party what a novel idea! 我们在晚会上要装扮成电影中的角色,这是一个多么新奇的主意啊! They dress up for the occasion. 为了参加这个活动,他们都穿上了盛装 She dress up in Elizabethan costume for the fancy dress ball. 她穿上伊丽莎白一世时代的服装去参加化装舞会。 联想拓展 be dressed in穿着……衣服 be dressed as打扮成 be well dressed衣着讲究 dress oneself穿衣,打扮 dress sb.给某人穿衣服高手过招 高手过招 单项填空 in a white uniform. he looks more like a cook than a doctor. (2009·12·江西赣州检测) A. Dressed ess C. Dressing D. Having dressed 解析:选A。 be dressed in..穿着……的衣服,表示一种状态 12. play a trick/tricks on sb 搞恶作剧;诈騙;开玩笑 The children played a trick on their teacher on april Fools day. 孩子们在愚人节那天捉弄了他们的老师 Remember not to play any tricks on the disabled
- 9 - of 代替；in search of 搜寻；in memory of 为纪念……;in need of 需要。 （2）①in memory/honour of②in memory of ③in need of④in favour of 11. dress up dress 作“打扮自己或打扮某人”讲，与介词 as/like 连用或用于 dress up as sb./dress up for sth.结构。 We are supposed to dress up as movie characters for the party, what a novel idea! 我们在晚会上要装扮成电影中的角色，这是一个多么新奇的主意啊！ They dress up for the occasion. 为了参加这个活动，他们都穿上了盛装。 She dress up in Elizabethan costume for the fancy dress ball. 她穿上伊丽莎白一世时代的服装去参加化装舞会。 联想拓展 be dressed in 穿着……衣服 be dressed as 打扮成 be well dressed 衣着讲究 dress oneself 穿衣，打扮 dress sb. 给某人穿衣服高手过招 高手过招 单项填空 in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. (2009·12·江西赣州检测) A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 解析:选 A。be dressed in ...穿着……的衣服，表示一种状态。 12. play a trick/tricks on sb. 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 The children played a trick on their teacher on April Fool’s Day. 孩子们在愚人节那天捉弄了他们的老师。 Remember not to play any tricks on the disabled
记住不要戏弄残疾人。 联想拓展 play a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑 make fun of sb.取笑某人 laugh at sb.嘲笑某人 smile at sb.向某人微笑 make a fool of愚弄;嘲笑 高手过招 用适当的介词填空 (原创) ① Tom liked making fun others in public ②It’ s bad manners to laugh the disabled @These boys like playing tricks their teache OHe smiled me when he heard my funny answer 答案:①of②at③on④at 13. look forward to 期待某事/做某事(to为介词,后接名词或动名词) We should look forward to the futurity. 我们应该展望未来。 I am familiar with his work and look forward to hearing his views on literary and artistic creation 我熟悉他的作品,并期待他能就文艺创作方面发表自己的见解 联想拓展 带有介词“to”的短语可用下面这两句话帮助记忆: 习惯于旧方式的人坚持反对新事物,这样导致许多献身于科学的人被宣判为大逆不道。不喜 欢这种事实的人谈到此事时,总期待着增添自己的努力使它开始改变 习惯于be(get) used to,坚持 stick to,反对 ob ject to,导致 lead to,献身于be to,被宣判为 be sentenced to,喜欢 prefer..to,谈到 come to,期待 look forward to, 增添 add to,开始 get down to。 高手过招 (1)单项填空
- 10 - 记住不要戏弄残疾人。 联想拓展 play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑 make fun of sb. 取笑某人 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 smile at sb. 向某人微笑 make a fool of 愚弄;嘲笑 高手过招 用适当的介词填空 （原创） ①Tom liked making fun others in public. ②It’s bad manners to laugh the disabled. ③These boys like playing tricks their teacher. ④He smiled me when he heard my funny answer. 答案：①of②at③on④at 13. look forward to 期待某事／做某事(to 为介词，后接名词或动名词) We should look forward to the futurity. 我们应该展望未来。 I am familiar with his work and look forward to hearing his views on literary and artistic creation. 我熟悉他的作品，并期待他能就文艺创作方面发表自己的见解。 联想拓展 带有介词“to”的短语可用下面这两句话帮助记忆： 习惯于旧方式的人坚持反对新事物，这样导致许多献身于科学的人被宣判为大逆不道。不喜 欢这种事实的人谈到此事时，总期待着增添自己的努力使它开始改变。 习惯于 be (get) used to，坚持 stick to，反对 object to，导致 lead to，献身于 be devoted to，被宣判为 be sentenced to，喜欢 prefer...to，谈到 come to，期待 look forward to， 增添 add to，开始 get down to。 高手过招 (1)单项填空