Chapter 24,part A Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings B.E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein Chapter 24, part A Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System
Microbial Diseases of the Upper Respiratory System Laryngitis:S.pneumoniae,S.pyogenes,viruses Tonsillitis:S.pneumoniae,S.pyogenes,viruses 。Sinusitis:Bacteria Epiglottitis:H.influenzae
Microbial Diseases of the Upper Respiratory System • Laryngitis: S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, viruses • Tonsillitis: S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, viruses • Sinusitis: Bacteria • Epiglottitis: H. influenzae
Upper Respiratory System 。 Upper respiratory normal microbiota may include pathogens Sinus Nasal cavity -Sinus Middle ear Auditory(eustachian)tube Oral cavity Opening of auditory tube Tongue- Tonsils Epiglottis Pharynx(throat) Larynx(voice box) Spine(backbone) Trachea(windpipe) Esophagus Figure 24.1
• Upper respiratory normal microbiota may include pathogens Upper Respiratory System Figure 24.1
Streptococcal pharyngitis (Strep throat) Streptococcus pyogenes 。Resistant to phagocytosis 。 Streptokinases lyse clots Streptolysins are cytotoxic Diagnosis by indirect agglutination Figure 24.3
Streptococcal pharyngitis (Strep throat) Figure 24.3 • Streptococcus pyogenes • Resistant to phagocytosis • Streptokinases lyse clots • Streptolysins are cytotoxic • Diagnosis by indirect agglutination
Scarlet Fever 。Streptococcus pyogenes ·Pharyngitis ·Erythrogenic toxin produced by lysogenized S. pyogenes Figure 24.4
• Streptococcus pyogenes • Pharyngitis • Erythrogenic toxin produced by lysogenized S. pyogenes Scarlet Fever Figure 24.4
Diphtheria Corynebacterium diphtheriae:Gram-positive rod Diphtheria membrane of fibrin,dead tissue,and bacteria Diphtheria toxin produced by lysogenized C. diphtheriae Prevented by DTaP and Td vaccine (Diphtheria toxoid) Cutaneous diphtheria:Infected skin wound leads to slow healing ulcer
• Corynebacterium diphtheriae: Gram-positive rod • Diphtheria membrane of fibrin, dead tissue, and bacteria • Diphtheria toxin produced by lysogenized C. diphtheriae • Prevented by DTaP and Td vaccine (Diphtheria toxoid) • Cutaneous diphtheria: Infected skin wound leads to slow healing ulcer Diphtheria
Diphtheria Membrane on tonsils Figure 24.6
Figure 24.6 Diphtheria
Otitis Media 。S.pneumoniae(35%) H.influenzae (20-30%) M.catarrhalis(10-15%) ·S.pyogenes(8-10%) 。S.aureus（1-2%) Treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics Incidence of S.pneumoniae reduced by vaccine
Otitis Media • S. pneumoniae (35%) • H. influenzae (20-30%) • M. catarrhalis (10-15%) • S. pyogenes (8-10%) • S. aureus (1-2%) • Treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics • Incidence of S. pneumoniae reduced by vaccine
Otitis Media Bulging eardrum 15 Figure 25.7
Otitis Media Figure 25.7
Common cold 。Rhinoviruses(50%) Coronaviruses (15-20%) Rhinoviruses attached to ICAN-1 on nasal mucosa
• Rhinoviruses (50%) • Coronaviruses (15-20%) • Rhinoviruses attached to ICAN-1 on nasal mucosa Common cold