Problem based learning (Session I) Cyanosis Moderator: Dr Gui yonghao
Problem based learning (Session I) Cyanosis Moderator: Dr. Gui yonghao
Cyanosis---Hints a Central cyanosis: implies decreased arterial oxygen saturation Peripheral cyanosis: caused by a decreased rate of peripheral blood flow
Cyanosis---Hints ◼ Central cyanosis: implies decreased arterial oxygen saturation ◼ Peripheral cyanosis: caused by a decreased rate of peripheral blood flow
Differential diagnosis Cardiovascular disease Congenital heart disease Eisenmenger syndrome Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae Systemic arteriovenous fistulae Primary pulmonary hypertension
Differential diagnosis ◼ Cardiovascular disease -Congenital heart disease -Eisenmenger syndrome -Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae -Systemic arteriovenous fistulae -Primary pulmonary hypertension
Differential diagnosis Congestive heart failure/ low output state Respiratory diseases Nasal obstruction Foreign body aspiration -Tracheal compression Bronchiolitis -Reactive airway disease
Differential diagnosis -Congestive heart failure/ low output state ◼ Respiratory diseases -Nasal obstruction -Foreign body aspiration -Tracheal compression -Bronchiolitis -Reactive airway disease
Differential diagnosis RDS Meconium aspiration Pneumonia Plural effusion Diaphragmatic hernia Lung hypoplasia
Differential diagnosis -RDS -Meconium aspiration -Pneumonia -Plural effusion -Diaphragmatic hernia -Lung hypoplasia
Differential diagnosis Metabolic disease -Hypoglycemia ■ Neurologic diseases Seizures Edema Hemorrhage
Differential diagnosis ◼ Metabolic disease -Hypoglycemia ◼ Neurologic diseases -Seizures -Edema -Hemorrhage
Differential diagnosis Miscellaneous Crying Sepsis Breath holding Drug: respiratory depressants
Differential diagnosis ◼ Miscellaneous -Crying -Sepsis -Breath holding -Drug: respiratory depressants
Differential diagnosis Discussion Cardiovascular Neonates with cyanosis by chd 1. Poor mixing of the systemic and pulmonary circulations Transposition Normal Heart A Ao RA Foramen Ovale
Differential diagnosis Discussion ◼ Cardiovascular -Neonates with cyanosis by CHD 1. Poor mixing of the systemic and pulmonary circulations
Differential diagnosis Discussion Decreased pulmonary blood flow and normal peripheral perfusion Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum Tetralogy of A Fallot
Differential diagnosis Discussion ◼ Decreased pulmonary blood flow and normal peripheral perfusion
Differential diagnosis Discussion Increased pulmonary venous pressure leading to pulmonary edema and poor gas exchange View of ab norn al Ao Oxygenated pulmonary blood from veins behind the right the heart RA Oxygenated blood from RV the left lung TAPVD
Differential diagnosis Discussion ◼ Increased pulmonary venous pressure leading to pulmonary edema and poor gas exchange