Cohesion and Translation
Cohesion and Translation
9.1 What are cohesive devices? In the last twenty years or so,some underdeveloped countries have increased their food production.Their populations have at the same time grown faster.The standard of living hasn't improved.The increase in food production has been achieved at the expense of using up marginal lands.There has been no gain in the productivity of land labour
9.1 What are cohesive devices? ⚫ In the last twenty years or so, some underdeveloped countries have increased their food production. Their populations have at the same time grown faster. The standard of living hasn’t improved. The increase in food production has been achieved at the expense of using up marginal lands. There has been no gain in the productivity of land labour
In the last twenty years or so,some underdeveloped countries have increased their food production.Their populations, however,have at the same time grown faster,and so their standard of living hasn't improved.What's more,their increase in food production has been achieved at the expense of using up marginal lands.As a result,there has been no gain in the productivity of land labour
• In the last twenty years or so, some underdeveloped countries have increased their food production. Their populations, however, have at the same time grown faster, and so their standard of living hasn’t improved. What’s more, their increase in food production has been achieved at the expense of using up marginal lands. As a result, there has been no gain in the productivity of land labour
Most of those who have watched enviously from the sidelines sense that gravity will assert itself sooner or later.Many of the online gamblers who have earned a fortune in paper profits betting their savings on shares in Yahoo,Amazon and the rest will never get their money out.For the very features that have led to a near-vertical climb of Internet share price also favor its precipitous collapse
⚫ Most of those who have watched enviously from the sidelines sense that gravity will assert itself sooner or later. Many of the online gamblers who have earned a fortune in paper profits betting their savings on shares in Yahoo, Amazon and the rest will never get their money out. For the very features that have led to a near-vertical climb of Internet share price also favor its precipitous collapse
9.2 Classification of cohesive devices ● 9.2.1 reference照应 ● This plan was brought into being in 1948.Its aim is to prevent anyone from going without medical services,if he needs them, however poor he may be;to ensure that a person who is out of work shall receive a weekly sum of money to subsist on;and to provide a small pension for those who have reached the age of retirement
9.2 Classification of cohesive devices ⚫ 9.2.1 reference照应 ⚫ This plan was brought into being in 1948. Its aim is to prevent anyone from going without medical services, if he needs them, however poor he may be; to ensure that a person who is out of work shall receive a weekly sum of money to subsist on; and to provide a small pension for those who have reached the age of retirement
9.2.2 ellipsis and substitution替代和省 略 The Japan Society's crash course on how to bridge the chasm between Japanese and American managers forces participants to examine their own cultural assumptions,as well as to learn about the other side
9.2.2 ellipsis and substitution替代和省 略 ⚫ The Japan Society’s crash course on how to bridge the chasm between Japanese and American managers forces participants to examine their own cultural assumptions, as well as to learn about the other side
● But can Europe learn to work together?They believe it must (.) Detroit has some of the most beautiful residential neighborhoods in the USA and at the same time (.some of the most shocking slums
⚫ But can Europe learn to work together? They believe it must（.）. ⚫ Detroit has some of the most beautiful residential neighborhoods in the USA and at the same time (.) some of the most shocking slums. ⚫
o But can Europe learn to work together?They believe it must (. 0 欧洲能学会合作吗？他们相信欧洲必须学会 合作。 o Detroit has some of the most beautiful residential neighborhoods in the USA and at the same time (. some of the most shocking slums. 0 底特律有美国最漂亮的住宅区，同时也有最 令人震惊的贫民窟
But can Europe learn to work together? They believe it must（.）. 欧洲能学会合作吗？他们相信欧洲必须学会 合作。 Detroit has some of the most beautiful residential neighborhoods in the USA and at the same time (.) some of the most shocking slums. 底特律有美国最漂亮的住宅区，同时也有最 令人震惊的贫民窟
9.2.3 conjunction First of all,I would like to apologise for your order not being delivered on the date we agreed in our contract and also for the difficulties you have had in trying to reach me.As you may have heard in the news,we have experienced a major industrial dispute.The dispute involved all employees and as a result,all production came to a complete standstill. Secretarial and administrative staff were also involved;this is why it has been so difficult for you to reach me
9.2.3 conjunction ⚫ First of all, I would like to apologise for your order not being delivered on the date we agreed in our contract and also for the difficulties you have had in trying to reach me. As you may have heard in the news, we have experienced a major industrial dispute. The dispute involved all employees and as a result, all production came to a complete standstill. Secretarial and administrative staff were also involved; this is why it has been so difficult for you to reach me. ⚫
9.2.4 lexical cohesion词汇衔接 Henry Ford did not invent the automobile, but he was the first man to mass-produce it, and this made it available to the ordinary man.Many automobiles were being built by hand at the turn of the century and were much too expensive for all but the wealthy
9.2.4 lexical cohesion 词汇衔接 ⚫ Henry Ford did not invent the automobile, but he was the first man to mass-produce it, and this made it available to the ordinary man. Many automobiles were being built by hand at the turn of the century and were much too expensive for all but the wealthy