丘CHAPTERTissuerepair
CHAPTER Ⅱ Tissue repair
1. RegenerationComplete regeneration:Incompleteregeneration:fibrous repairscarPhysiologic: cell renewingPathologic: cell injury → regeneration
§1. Regeneration Complete regeneration: Incomplete regeneration: fibrous repair →scar Physiologic: cell renewing Pathologic: cell injury → regeneration
一.Cell cycle and proliferative potential1. Cell cycleInterphaseG1 (presyntheticS (DNA synthesis)G2 (premitotic)Mitotic phase (M)Go : quiescent cells in a physiologic state
一 . Cell cycle and proliferative potential 1. Cell cycle Interphase G1 (presynthetic) S (DNA synthesis) G2 (premitotic) Mitotic phase (M) Go : quiescent cells in a physiologic state
2.Typess (continuously dividing(1) Labile cellsCDDefinition:continue to proliferatedestroyed cellsreplacingaged cells
2.Types (1) Labile cells (continuously dividing C) ① Definition: continue to proliferate replacing destroyed cells aged cells
2Cell groups:Stratified squamous cell : epidermis,oral cavity, vagina and cervix.The lining mucosa of respiratorygastrointestinaltractEpitheliumof themale and female tractTransitionalepithelialof urinary tractHematopoietic and lymphoid cells
② Cell groups: Stratified squamous cell : epidermis, oral cavity, vagina and cervix The lining mucosa of respiratory gastrointestinal tract Epithelium of the male and female tract Transitional epithelial of urinary tract Hematopoietic and lymphoid cells
(2) Stable (quiescent) cells:DDefinition: These cellss not divide or at avery slow rate and undergo rapiddivision in response to injuryCell groups:Parenchymalcells of glandularorgan:liver, kidneys→ tubuel epithelial.Mesenchymalcells:fibroblast, SMC
(2) Stable (quiescent) cells: ① Definition: These cells not divide or at a very slow rate and undergo rapid division in response to injury. ② Cell groups: Parenchymal cells of glandular organ: liver, kidneys→ tubuel epithelial. Mesenchymal cells: fibroblast, SMC
(3)Permanent(nondividing) cells:11Definition: no capacityof regeneration2)Cellgroups:Nerve cells:Neurons destroyed arepermanentlostreplaced bytheproliferation ofglial CSkeletalmusclecellsCardiacmusclecells
(3) Permanent (nondividing) cells: ① Definition: no capacity of regeneration ② Cell groups: Nerve cells: Neurons destroyed are permanent lost replaced by the proliferation of glial C. Skeletal muscle cells Cardiac muscle cells
二、1ofRegenerationprocessvarioustissues(一)Epithelialtissuel.Surfaceepithelium:① Squamous cell→ basallayer cell→proliferationColumnar cell→ adjacentgland recesscells→proliferation
二、Regeneration process of various tissues (一) Epithelial tissue 1. Surface epithelium: ① Squamous cell→ basal layer cell →proliferation ② Columnar cell → adjacent gland recess cells→proliferation
2.Glandular epithelium:Base membrane intact → restored cellBase membrane destroyed → difficultLiver:1Resected partlyliver cellproliferation2))Necrosisof liverC,reticularframeworkintact:hepatocyte proliferation restore the structure3Necrosis widely,framework collapsedhepatocyte nodular regeneration, FT↑
2. Glandular epithelium: Base membrane intact → restored cell Base membrane destroyed → difficult Liver: ① Resected partly →liver cell proliferation ② Necrosis of liver C, reticular framework intact : hepatocyte proliferation → restore the structure ③ Necrosis widely, framework collapsed →hepatocyte nodular regeneration, FT↑
(二)FibroustissueFibroblast proliferationsynthesis collagenderived fromquiescent fibrocyteundifferentiatedmesenchymalC
(二) Fibrous tissue Fibroblast proliferation synthesis collagen derived from quiescent fibrocyte undifferentiated mesenchymal C