Introduction toPathology
Introduction to Pathology
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一、History of PathologyAutopsy → Organ pathology (1761)LM→ Cellular pathology(1854)Ultrastructural pathology with the applicationof EM (20 century 60s)Immunopathology,Molecularpathology,Genetic pathology, Quantitative pathology
一、History of Pathology Autopsy → Organ pathology (1761) LM → Cellular pathology (1854) Ultrastructural pathology with the application of EM (20 century 60s) Immunopathology, Molecular pathology, Genetic pathology, Quantitative pathology
二、 The scope of pathology1. The core of pathology:The four aspects of a disease process thatform the core of pathology :() Etiology: causes of the disease(2)Pathogenesis:the mechanisms of itsdevelopment(3)Morphologic changes:the structural alterationinduced in the cells and organs of the body(4)Clinical significance:the functionalconsequences of the morphologic changes
1. The core of pathology: The four aspects of a disease process that form the core of pathology : (1) Etiology: causes of the disease (2) Pathogenesis: the mechanisms of its development (3) Morphologic changes: the structural alteration induced in the cells and organs of the body. (4) Clinical significance: the functional consequences of the morphologic changes. 二、The scope of pathology
2. Classification:Autopsy(1) Human pathologyBiopsyCytology(2)Experimentalpathology3.Position:It's a bridging discipline involving bothbasic science and clinical practice
2. Classification: (1) Human pathology (2) Experimental pathology 3. Position: It’s a bridging discipline involving both basic science and clinical practice Autopsy Biopsy Cytology
4.Text of Pathology(l) General pathology:concerned with the basic reaction ofcells and tissues to abnormal stimulithat underlie all diseases.(2) Systemic pathology :dedcribe the specific responses of specializedorgans and tissues to defined stimuli
4. Text of Pathology: (1) General pathology: concerned with the basic reaction of cells and tissues to abnormal stimuli that underlie all diseases. (2) Systemic pathology : dedcribe the specific responses of specialized organs and tissues to defined stimuli
三、Techniques ofPathology1.Humanpathology(1)Autopsy(2) Biopsy: surgical or diagnostic pathology(3) Cytology: smear, fine needle aspiration2.Experimentalpathology()Animal experiment:animal model(2) Tissueandcell culture
三、Techniques of Pathology 1. Human pathology (1) Autopsy (2) Biopsy: surgical or diagnostic pathology (3) Cytology: smear, fine needle aspiration 2. Experimental pathology (1) Animal experiment: animal model (2) Tissue and cell culture
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四、Observation and NewTechnique of Morphology()Gross appearance:size, shapeweightcolorconsistencysurfaceedge,section
四、Observation and New Technique of Morphology （一）Gross appearance: size, shape weight color consistency surface edge, section
(二）Histologic and cytologicobservation:most common and basic formalin fixed→ HE (hematoxylin and eosin) stainedHemangioma of ventrical wall：
（二）Histologic and cytologic observation: most common and basic formalin fixed → HE (hematoxylin and eosin) stained Hemangioma of ventrical wall