ChapterⅢHemodynamicDisorderSection 1. Hyperemia and Congestion
Chapter Ⅲ Hemodynamic Disorder Section 1. Hyperemia and Congestion
To thoracic duct and eventuallyto left subclavianveinIncreasedinterstitialfluidpressureHydrostaticpressurePlasma colloidosmoticpressureVenousendCAPILLARYBEDArterialend
一. Arterial hyperemia1. Definition:Increasedvolumeof arterialinflow山an organ or tissue (hyperemia2. Common types:(1) Physiologic: exercise -→ skeletal muscle(2)Pathologic:atthe fociof inflammation(3) Hyperemia after reducing pressure
一 . Arterial hyperemia 1. Definition: Increased volume of arterial inflow in an organ or tissue (hyperemia) 2. Common types: (1) Physiologic: exercise skeletal muscle (2) Pathologic: at the foci of inflammation (3) Hyperemia after reducing pressure
3.Sequelae:(l)Restore:ifcausesabated(2)Hemorrhage:hypertension,AS二、CongestionResulting from an isolate venous obstructionaccumulation of blood in veinlet and capillary
3. Sequelae : (1) Restore: if causes abated (2) Hemorrhage: hypertension , AS 二、Congestion Resulting from an isolate venous obstruction accumulation of blood in veinlet and capillary
Etiology(一)11. Veins being pressed:Tumor → press local veinpseudolobulehepatic sinus2.Venous obstruction: thrombosis3. Heart failure:left→pulmonarycongestionright →hepatic congestion
(一) Etiology 1. Veins being pressed: Tumor → press local vein pseudolobule →hepatic sinus 2. Venous obstruction: thrombosis 3. Heart failure: left →pulmonary congestion right →hepatic congestion
(二) Lesions and results1.Hydrostatic pressurecongestive edema, hemorrhage2. Chronic hypoxiaatrophy or degenerationfibrosis,sclerosis
(二) Lesions and results 1. Hydrostatic pressure congestive edema, hemorrhage 2. Chronic hypoxia atrophy or degeneration fibrosis, sclerosis
(三)Congestion of importantorgans1.Pulmonary congestion(acute,chronic)(l) Cause: left heart failure(2)Morphology:DGross:volumeweighttdark redcut surfaceconsolidated
(三) Congestion of important organs 1. Pulmonary congestion(acute,chronic): (1) Cause: left heart failure (2) Morphology: ① Gross: volume↑ weight↑ dark red cut surface consolidated
② LM (acute,chronie) :Aalveolar septacapillary engorged with bloodbecome thickenedfibrosisedema fluidAlveolar spacesheart failure cellshemorrhageBrown induration: long period congestion, texturebecome solid and show brown appearance
② L M (acute,chronic) : Aalveolar septa capillary engorged with blood become thickened fibrosis Alveolar spaces edema fluid heart failure cells hemorrhage Brown induration: long period congestion, texture become solid and show brown appearance
Chronic pulmonarycongestion
Chronic pulmonary congestion
Heart failure cells: Hemosiderin- laden Mp
慢性肺淤血 Heart failure cells: Hemosiderin- laden Mφ