《综合英语》课程教学资源（教案讲义）Book 1 Unit 11 How to Be True to Yourself.doc_大学文库

基础英语A 综合教程Book1Unit11 erew up,and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons Then he related an incident and I began to remember vaguely the incident he was describing. I was about eight years old at that time,and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery shopping.On that particular day,I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the incident took place. There must have a special sae on eggs that day because there was an impressive displayof eggs in dozen and half-dozen cartons.The cartons were stacked three or four feet high.I mus have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks.Just then a woman came by,pushing her grocery cart,and knocked off the stacks of cartons.For some reason,I decided it was up to me to put the display back together,so I went to work. The manager heard the noise and came rushing over to se what had happened.When he appeared I was on my knees inspecting some the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken,but to him it looked as though I was the culprit He severely denounced me and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs.I protested my innocence and tried to explain.but it did no good.Even though quickly forgot all about the incident,apparently the manager did not Text B,Unit9 (30 min) Text introduction The text points out that integrity is what is fundamental in every area of society and that is something we must demand of ourselves.The author wants to convince us that only by standing firmly for our convictions in the face of personal pressure,by always giving others credit that is rightfully theirs and by being honest and open about what we really are.can we live a rich life of principle and success Comprehension Questions 1 What is integrity? It means that one should have a personal standard for judging what is morally right and wrong 2 What are the three key principles of the Integrity Triad? They are,first,to stand firmly for your convictions in the face of personal pressure:second, always to give others credit that is rightfully theirs.and third to be honest and open about what you really are 3 What does the author conclude from the example of a surgical operation? The author concludes that you can't give in when you know you are right

基础英语 A 综合教程 Book 1 Unit 11 3 grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons. Then he related an incident and I began to remember vaguely the incident he was describing. I was about eight years old at that time, and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery shopping. On that particular day, I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the incident took place. There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs in dozen and half-dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feet high. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman came by, pushing her grocery cart, and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I went to work. The manager heard the noise and came rushing over to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I was the culprit. He severely denounced me and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs. I protested my innocence and tried to explain, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did not. Text B, Unit 9 (30 min) Text introduction The text points out that integrity is what is fundamental in every area of society and that is something we must demand of ourselves. The author wants to convince us that only by standing firmly for our convictions in the face of personal pressure, by always giving others credit that is rightfully theirs and by being honest and open about what we really are, can we live a rich life of principle and success. ComprehensionQuestions 1 What is integrity? It means that one should have a personal standard for judging what is morally right and wrong. 2 What are the three key principles of the Integrity Triad? They are, first, to stand firmly for your convictions in the face of personal pressure; second, always to give others credit that is rightfully theirs; and third, to be honest and open about what you really are. 3 What does the author conclude from the example of a surgical operation? The author concludes that you can’t give in when you know you are right

基础英语A 综合教程Book1UnmL Display (vt)put sth on show e.g It's the first time the painting has been displayed to the Public. 4 Demonstrate (vt)show sth clearly by giving proof or evidence e.g.How do you demonstrate that the pressure remains constant Inner. internal, inside Inner spatially,suggests sth.being at or near the centre.E.g.the inner edge of the chest may be applied to mental activity.pointing to emotiona aspect.He has lost his inner peace ever sinc Internal Demphasizes sth.being completely surrounded and covered from view.E.g.to Suspect internal injuries. 2can also refer to a cover or unconscious mental avtivity,closer to inner in meaning than interior E.g He felt an internal uneasiness that at last became apparent in his ner vous p ing Inside and informal,mainly used in the sns of space.refers to the ine Side of sth.that is viewed as consisting of two sides one contrasting the other E.g our car kept to the inside lane. 2can be used figuratively,suggesting being secret or confidential E.g an inside man. inside news actions behavior deed ctsst that is done.us implying on single move that one can perform single-handedly and immediately,mostly used as countable noun.E.g My first act was to run into the waiting room. suggests,in phrases,deed ofa stated type.or being about to do sth,wrong.E.g It Action suggests accomplishing sth.or the process or manner in which sth,is accomplished,usu.Implying a series of moves,taking some time to perform,instead of a single move to do.E.g To withdraw his troops from under the enemy's crossfire was a dangerous action. ②is often used as unce ountable r o,referring generally to acting in opposition to empty tak.speech.sitting and waiting.pondering.et.Action speaks louder than words 4 Behavior (1)a most general word,often found in academic writings,refers to that which is studied in sociology,psychology and anthropology E.g.behavior science when applied to everyday life,refers to that which is often characterized as good or bad.E.g Tom for good behavior Deed similar to act.also suggestsone single move.but carries a flavor of solemnity,implying sensible judgment and determination,thus often applied to kind act.heroic action Eg.Brave men's deeds live after him Main,chief Main in strict usage.is applied to the thing.often part of a system or e whole.that is preeminent in size,power,importance,etc,is applied to things only.Eg.This is the main street in the town. Chief is applied to the person or thing first in rank,authority,importance,etc.and usu. Connotes subordination of all others.E.gcommander-in-chief 6

基础英语 A 综合教程 Book 1 Unit 11 6 Display (vt) put sth on show e,g It’s the first time the painting has been displayed to the public. Demonstrate (vt) show sth clearly by giving proof or evidence e,g, How do you demonstrate that the pressure remains constant? Inner, internal, inside Inner ①spatially, suggests sth. being at or near the centre. E,g. the inner edge of the chest ②may be applied to covert or unconscious mental activity, pointing to emotional aspect. He has lost his inner peace ever since. Internal ①emphasizes sth. being completely surrounded and covered from view. E,g. to Suspect internal injuries. ② can also refer to a cover or unconscious mental avtivity, closer to inner in meaning than interior. E,g. He felt an internal uneasiness that at last became apparent in his nervous pacing. Inside ①more common and informal, mainly used in the sense of space, refers to the inner Side of sth. that is viewed as consisting of two sides one contrasting the other. E,g our car kept to the inside lane. ② can be used figuratively, suggesting being secret or confidential E,g. an inside man; inside news Acts, actions, behavior, deed Acts ① suggests sth that is done, usu, implying one single move that one can perform single-handedly and immediately, mostly used as countable noun. E,g. My first act was to run into the waiting room. ② suggests, in phrases, deed of a stated type, or being about to do sth, wrong. E.g It is a foolish act, act of cruelty and madness. Action ① suggests accomplishing sth. or the process or manner in which sth, is accomplished, usu. Implying a series of moves, taking some time to perform, instead of a single move to do. E,g. To withdraw his troops from under the enemy’s crossfire was a dangerous action. ② is often used as uncountable noun, referring generally to acting in opposition to empty talk, speech, sitting and waiting, pondering, etc. Action speaks louder than words. Behavior ① a most general word, often found in academic writings, refers to that which is studied in sociology, psychology and anthropology E,g. behavior science ② when applied to everyday life, refers to that which is often characterized as good or bad. E,g. Tom won a prize for good behavior in school. Deed similar to act, also suggests one single move, but carries a flavor of solemnity, implying sensible judgment and determination, thus often applied to kind act, heroic action. E,g. Brave men’s deeds live after him. Main, chief Main in strict usage, is applied to the thing, often part of a system or an extensive whole, that is preeminent in size, power, importance, etc; is applied to things only. E,g. This is the main street in the town. Chief is applied to the person or thing first in rank, authority, importance, etc. and usu. Connotes subordination of all others. E.g commander-in-chief

基础英语A 综合教程Book1 Unit 11 Declare announce,publish,proclaim Declare suggests saying opposing view or opinion.E.g.They declared openly to counter an positivelyor Declare suggests making known openly by an explicit or clear statement,either officially or personally,often one expressed formally.E.g The young couple declared their wedding party. Announee suggests making sth.of interest known publicly or officially,esp sth.of the nature of news.E.g.It is announced that ademonstration will be held thisafternoo 4 Publish suggests mak known to the publi througha popular medi diorinENot only 5o years later was the scret e Proclaim suggests official,formal announcement made with the greatest possible publicity of sth.of great moment or significance eg The president solemnly proclaimed the founding of the new Republic The young prince was finally proclaimed the successor to the thro Assure, ensure. Assure Dimplies trying to cause someone to believe and trust with certainty The doctor assured him that he would soon recover from illness. 2implies making sth.secure or cerain,equivalent to ensure The only way to assure your success is to work hard. quence of some action or agent Only by expanding production can we ensure spply. To ensure the child's quick recovery,the doctor gave him an antibiotic 2implies making sth.certain or sure,similar to assure I can't ensure that he will be there in time. Grammar Focus-Imperative Sentence Imperative sentences begin with a verb in the imperative mood and express a command,an instruction.a request.a suggestion.etc.eg:Open the window.please.Clean these barracks now a).Second pers on imper rative When the command or instruction is directed to the party spoken the perso imperative,in which the pronoun YOU normally needn't be expressed,unless we want to lend emphasis to the utterance.E.g.Take that seat.and I'll take this one. Many ways are available to soften the tone of an imperative sentence.For instance.we can add PLEASE at the head or the end of the sentence:Lend.please. Wecan as add question ta op talking.will you? If we want to strengthen the force of the imperative,we can add an emphatic DO at the head of the sentence:Do come and have dinner with us. Of course.as has been mentioned before,we can also add an emphatic YOU at the head of the sentence:You mind your own business and leave this to me. add the modal auxiliary WILL after the emphatic YOU This has nothing to dowith you:you will mind your own business. B).First person imperative A first person imperative is a kind of imperative in which the command or instruction is directed to the speaker himself.This kind of imperative usually begins with an introductory LET >

基础英语 A 综合教程 Book 1 Unit 11 7 Declare, announce, publish, proclaim Declare suggests saying positively or emphatically, doing so often openly to counter an opposing view or opinion. E,g. They declared themselves to be for the plan. Declare suggests making known openly by an explicit or clear statement, either officially or personally, often one expressed formally. E,g The young couple declared their wedding party. Announce suggests making sth. of interest known publicly or officially, esp sth. of the nature of news. E,g. It is announced that a demonstration will be held this afternoon. Publish suggests making known to the public through a popular medium, now esp. through medium of printing. E,g Not only 50 years later was the secret treaty published. Proclaim suggests official, formal announcement made with the greatest possible publicity of sth. of great moment or significance e.g. The president solemnly proclaimed the founding of the new Republic. The young prince was finally proclaimed the successor to the throne. Assure, ensure, Assure ①implies trying to cause someone to believe and trust with certainty The doctor assured him that he would soon recover from illness. ②implies making sth. secure or cerain, equivalent to ensure The only way to assure your success is to work hard. Ensure ①implies making sth. certain as the consequence of some action or agent Only by expanding production can we ensure spply. To ensure the child’s quick recovery, the doctor gave him an antibiotic. ② implies making sth. certain or sure, similar to assure I can’t ensure that he will be there in time. Grammar Focus—Imperative Sentence Imperative sentences begin with a verb in the imperative mood and express a command, an instruction, a request, a suggestion, etc, e.g.: Open the window, please. Clean these barracks now. a). Second person imperative When the command or instruction is directed to the party spoken to, we use the second person imperative, in which the pronoun YOU normally needn’t be expressed, unless we want to lend emphasis to the utterance. E. g. Take that seat, and I’ll take this one. Many ways are available to soften the tone of an imperative sentence. For instance, we can add PLEASE at the head or the end of the sentence: Lend me your penknife, please. We can also add question tags to soften the imperative tone: Stop talking, will you? If we want to strengthen the force of the imperative, we can add an emphatic DO at the head of the sentence: Do come and have dinner with us. Of course, as has been mentioned before, we can also add an emphatic YOU at the head of the sentence: You mind your own business and leave this to me. If you want to further strengthen the imperative tone, we can add the modal auxiliary WILL after the emphatic YOU: This has nothing to do with you; you will mind your own business. B). First person imperative A first person imperative is a kind of imperative in which the command or instruction is directed to the speaker himself. This kind of imperative usually begins with an introductory LET