面向服务的体系架构(SOA)
© 2002 IBM Corporation 面向服务的体系架构(SOA)
日程 什么是面向服务的体系架构 2.SOA的价值 3.构成S0A的技术 如何构建S0A系统 5.IBM的SOA工具与产品 6.网格计算与SOA
2 日程 1. 什么是面向服务的体系架构 2. SOA的价值 3. 构成SOA的技术 4. 如何构建SOA系统 5. IBM的SOA工具与产品 6. 网格计算与SOA
什么是面向服务的体系架构? 一个组件模型 将应用程序的不同功能单元(展务)通过这些服务 之间定义良好的接口和契约联系起来。 接口是采用中立的方式进行定义的,它应该独立于 实现服务的硬件平台、操作系统和编程语言 构建在各种这样的系统中的服务可以以一种统一和 通用的方式进行交互
3 ▪ 一个组件模型 ▪ 将应用程序的不同功能单元（服务）通过这些服务 之间定义良好的接口和契约联系起来。 ▪ 接口是采用中立的方式进行定义的，它应该独立于 实现服务的硬件平台、操作系统和编程语言。 ▪ 构建在各种这样的系统中的服务可以以一种统一和 通用的方式进行交互。 什么是面向服务的体系架构?
为什么采用面向服务的体系架构? A Service Oriented Architecture enables flexible connectivity of applications or resources by Representing every application or resource as a service with a standardized nterface Enabling them to exchange structured information(messages, documents business objects) Mediating the message exchange through an Enterprise Service Bus This flexibility enables new and existing applications to be easily and quickly combined to address changing business needs The ability to easily combine/choreograph applications allows IT services to more readily reflect business processes The Soa infrastructure is also used to facilitate the management of business performance and quality of service
4 为什么采用面向服务的体系架构? ▪ A Service Oriented Architecture enables flexible connectivity of applications or resources by Representing every application or resource as a service with a standardized interface Enabling them to exchange structured information (messages, documents, ‘business objects’) Mediating the message exchange through an Enterprise Service Bus ▪ This flexibility enables new and existing applications to be easily and quickly combined to address changing business needs. The ability to easily combine/choreograph applications allows IT services to more readily reflect business processes ▪ The SOA infrastructure is also used to facilitate the management of business performance and quality of service
SOA的价值:S0A实现可变的IT架构 Flexible Business models Transformation Composable Business Process Outsourcing Processes Mergers, Acquisitions Divestitures Requires Flexible T Architecture Software ntegration infrastructure Development Management Development Infrastructure Management Composable Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Services
5 Flexible Business Models Transformation Business Process Outsourcing Mergers, Acquisitions & Divestitures Flexible IT Architecture Requires Composable Services Software Development Integration Infrastructure Management Composable Processes Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Development Infrastructure Management SOA的价值: SOA实现可变的IT架构 …
构成S0A的技术 什么是服务 服务调用 服务的编排 服务的发现
6 构成SOA的技术 ▪ 什么是服务 ▪ 服务调用 ▪ 服务的编排 ▪ 服务的发现
什么是服务? A well-defined invokable unit of business function Accesses business data or facilitates a change of business data from one valid and consistent state to another Defined using explicit interfaces Independent of service implementations Provides contract between service requestors and service providers Invokable through common communication protocols Provides interoperability and location transparency
7 什么是服务? ▪ A well-defined, invokable unit of business function ▪ Accesses business data or facilitates a change of business data from one valid and consistent state to another. ▪ Defined using explicit interfaces Independent of service implementations Provides contract between service requestors and service providers ▪ Invokable through common communication protocols Provides interoperability and location transparency
服务描述 Services are described using a standardized interface(metadata Defines the service, its operations, and input and output parameters Defines how the service is reached and its location Input and outputs may be simple parameters or XML documents An existing application can be given a service facade The facade(e.g. an EJB)is then described as the service Web Services Description Language(WSDL)is the standard used to describe the service
8 服务描述 ▪ Services are described using a standardized interface (metadata) Defines the service, its operations, and input and output parameters Defines how the service is reached and its location ▪ Input and outputs may be simple parameters or XML documents ▪ An existing application can be given a service ‘façade’ The façade (e.g. an EJB) is then described as the service ▪ Web Services Description Language (WSDL) is the standard used to describe the service
服务描述:WSDL Services Bindings Port T Messages B:PurchaseOrderService 由凶 Purchase OrderRequest 日 D Binding e ims: binding 日降 Create Purchase OrderResponse e jms address e format: type u Return BodyPart 0 田 Create outp I StatusPart (xsd: string) 49 Delete DescriptionPart [xsd: string) 团@ Retrieve 田 Retrieve I JMS TypePart (xsd: string) 团、@, Update 田 Update WSDL (Web Services Description Language) is an XML document that describes a service using a number of key elements A Port Type defines what the service does, and is described by a number of operations For each operation the data that it receives and sends is described by a Message The Binding defines how the service(as described by the Port Type) is invoked e. g Soap/Http Soap/Jms The Port specifies the address where the service is located
9 服务描述: WSDL ▪ WSDL (Web Services Description Language) is an XML document that describes a Service using a number of key elements: A Port Type defines what the service does, and is described by a number of operations. For each operation the data that it receives and sends is described by a Message The Binding defines how the service (as described by the Port Type) is invoked e.g. SOAP/HTTP, SOAP/JMS. The Port specifies the address where the service is located
服务调用 Services interact by exchanging data over an Enterprise Service Bus The Enterprise Service Bus is a logical architectural construct Provides inter-connectivity services Services interact with each other based on the quality of service requirements of the individual transactions ESB connects and integrates an enterprise's IT business In different locations, using different transports, across organizations ESB mediates service requests and responses Performs transformation and routing Enables connection type transparency ESB enables the use of multiple protocols e.g.Soap/httpcanbeconvertedtoSoap/jmsandviceversa
10 服务调用 ▪ Services interact by exchanging data over an Enterprise Service Bus ▪ The Enterprise Service Bus is a logical architectural construct Provides inter-connectivity services Services interact with each other based on the quality of service requirements of the individual transactions ▪ ESB connects and integrates an enterprise's IT business In different locations, using different transports, across organizations ▪ ESB mediates service requests and responses Performs transformation and routing Enables connection type transparency ▪ ESB enables the use of multiple protocols e.g. SOAP/HTTP can be converted to SOAP/JMS and vice versa