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ts elemen Basic OL: F of tax Syn . . . , BCU, 2 ohn, J ing K Constants . . . >, , other r B Predicates . . . , f O tLeg Lef t, rq S unctions F . . . b, a, , y x, riables aV ⇔ ⇒ ¬ ∨ ∧ Connectives = y Equalit ∃ ∀ Quantifiers 6 8 Chapter
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tences sen tomic A )n m ter , . . . ,1 m ter ( edicate pr = sentence tomic A 2 m ter =1 m ter r o )n m ter , . . . , 1 m ter ( unction f = erm T e iabl ar v r o constant r o )t heLionhear dT ichar R ohn, J ing K( other r B E.g., ))) ohn J ing K( f O tLeg Lef ( th Leng , )) d ichar R( f O tLeg Lef ( th Leng ( > 7 8 Chapter
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tences sen Complex connectives using sentences atomic from made re a sentences Complex 2 S ⇔1 S , 2 S ⇒1 S , 2 S ∨1 S , 2 S ∧1 S , S¬ ) ohn J ing Kd, ichar R( ing ibl S ⇒) d ichar R ohn, J ing K( ing ibl S E.g. 2) , (1 ≤∨ 2) , (1 > 2) , (1 >¬ ∧ 2) , (1 > 8 8 Chapter
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logic first-order in ruth T retation interp an and del mo a to ect resp with true re a Sentences them among relations and ) elements domain ( objects 1 ≥ contains del Mo r fo referents ecifies sp retation Interp objects → ols symb constant relations → ols symb redicate p relations functional → ols symb function true is )n m ter , . . . ,1 m ter ( edicate pr sentence atomic An n m ter , . . . , 1 m ter yb to referred objects the iff edicate pr yb to referred relation the in re a 9 8 Chapter
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Example OL: F for dels Mo J $ R left leg left leg on head brother brother person person king crown 10 8 Chapter