专题四说明文型完形填空 专题四说明文型完形填空 MYKONGLONG
专题四 说明文型完形填空 专题四 说明文型完形填空
专题四|专题导读 匚专题导读 说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明,通 常结构严谨、句子结构复杂,因此也是高考完形填空中较难 理解的一种文体。 说明文一般有三类:一是实体事例说明文(实体事物是 指国家、城市、人物、山水、树木、花草、虫鱼、鸟兽、建 筑、文化古迹、科技成果及各种工农业产品)。包括说明书、 广告、解说词、人物介绍、知识小品、知识注解等。二是事 理(事理是指观点、立场、名词概念、学术流派等)说明文。 包括理论性解释、文书简介、教材等。三是文艺性说明文。 即把说明对象拟人化,进而编成故事,对其进行介绍。 MYKONGLONG
专题导读 专题四 │专题导读 说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通 常结构严谨、句子结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填空中较难 理解的一种文体。 说明文一般有三类：一是实体事例说明文(实体事物是 指国家、城市、人物、山水、树木、花草、虫鱼、鸟兽、建 筑、文化古迹、科技成果及各种工农业产品)。包括说明书、 广告、解说词、人物介绍、知识小品、知识注解等。二是事 理(事理是指观点、立场、名词概念、学术流派等)说明文。 包括理论性解释、文书简介、教材等。三是文艺性说明文。 即把说明对象拟人化，进而编成故事，对其进行介绍
专题四|专题导读 说明文完形填空的具体特点:(1)开头点题。做说明文型完形填空 时,要明确说明的对象是什么,是具体实物还是理论性概念。因 此,明确说明的对象是掌握说明细节的前提。在近年的说明文型 完形填空中,作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象。(2)结 构清晰。把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明文的写 作一般按时间顺序(指先后顺序),空间顺序(从局部到整体,从上 到下,从内到外),逻辑顺序(前因后果,先果后因,先主后次); 认识顺序(由此及彼,由浅入深,由具体到抽象,由现象到本质)。 说明文型完形填空短文层次清晰,整体性强,所以,递进性词汇 和名词的设题往往出现得较多。说明文往往较直白,写作脉络清 晰,又没有很多感情因素的掺入,所以就不会有过多的情感词汇, 自然不会有钻不出的“迷宫”。据此特点,我们便可以跟着“作 者”走,理清整篇文章的思路,从而顺利答题。 MYKONGLONG
专题四 │专题导读 说明文完形填空的具体特点：(1)开头点题。做说明文型完形填空 时，要明确说明的对象是什么，是具体实物还是理论性概念。因 此，明确说明的对象是掌握说明细节的前提。在近年的说明文型 完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象。(2)结 构清晰。把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明文的写 作一般按时间顺序(指先后顺序)，空间顺序(从局部到整体，从上 到下，从内到外)，逻辑顺序(前因后果，先果后因，先主后次)； 认识顺序(由此及彼，由浅入深，由具体到抽象，由现象到本质)。 说明文型完形填空短文层次清晰，整体性强，所以，递进性词汇 和名词的设题往往出现得较多。说明文往往较直白，写作脉络清 晰，又没有很多感情因素的掺入，所以就不会有过多的情感词汇， 自然不会有钻不出的“迷宫”。据此特点，我们便可以跟着“作 者”走，理清整篇文章的思路，从而顺利答题
专题四|真题典例 真题典例 [2010·上海卷] The first attempt of even the most talented artists musicians and writers is seldom a masterpiece. If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals(Il),or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the outof town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering 2 revising. Andrew Lloyd Webbers musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process. When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom MYKONGLONG
真题典例 专题四 │真题典例 [2010·上海卷] The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece. If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing __1__. What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the outoftown previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering，— __2__ revising.Andrew Lloyd Webber’s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process. When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom
专题四|真题典例 opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had 3 several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup(戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber 4 some of the music because the phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds When you revise, you change aspects of your work in to your evolving purpose, or to include 6 ideas or newly discovered information Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to 8 topics MYKONGLONG
专题四 │真题典例 opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had __3__several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber __4__ some of the music because the Phantom’s makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds. When you revise, you change aspects of your work in __5__ to your evolving purpose, or to include __6__ ideas or newly discovered information. Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment.__7__， it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way.Even your decision to __8__ topics
专题四|真题典例 while prewriting is a type of revising. However, don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows 9 Always make time to become your own 10 and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you 11 new ideas Revising involves 12 the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing he facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose 13 throughout my draft? Do I ever lose MYKONGLONG
专题四 │真题典例 while prewriting is a type of revising.However，don’t make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows __9__.Always make time to become your own __10__and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak.Reviewing your work in this way can give you __11__ new ideas. Revising involves __12__ the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present.When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose __13__ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose
专题四|真题典例 sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the 14-that is, facts, opinions, inferences-that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have included too many 15 details that may confuse readers? ). A technique B. style c. process D. career C 2.A.in particular B. as a result C. for example D. in other words 0 3. A undergone B. skipped C. rejected D. replaced )4. A rewrote B. released C. recorded D. reserved C )5.Aaddition B. response C. opposition D. contrast 0 6.Afixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh MYKONGLONG
专题四 │真题典例 sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the __14 __ —that is, facts, opinions, inferences—that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many __15__ details that may confuse readers? ( )1.A.technique B．style C．process D．career ( )2.A.in particular B．as a result C．for example D．in other words ( )3.A.undergone B．skipped C．rejected D．replaced ( )4.A.rewrote B．released C．recorded D．reserved ( )5.A.addition B．response C．opposition D．contrast ( )6.A.fixed B．ambitious C．familiar D．fresh
专题四|真题典例 C 7A. However B. Moreover C. Instead d. Therefore 0 ) 8.Adiscuss B. switch C. exhaust D.cover )9. A drafting B. rearranging C. performing D. training C 10.Adirector B. master C. audience D. visitor )11.Apersonal B. valuable C. basic D. delicate )12.A mixing B. weakening C. maintaining D. assessing )13.Aamazing B. bright C. unique D. clear 0 14.Aangles B. evidence C. information D. hints C 15.A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. concrete D. final MYKONGLONG
专题四 │真题典例 ( )7.A.However B．Moreover C．Instead D．Therefore ( )8.A.discuss B．switch C．exhaust D．cover ( )9.A.drafting B．rearranging C．performing D．training ( )10.A.director B．master C．audience D．visitor ( )11.A.personal B．valuable C．basic D．delicate ( )12.A.mixing B．weakening C．maintaining D．assessing ( )13.A.amazing B．bright C．unique D．clear ( )14.A.angles B．evidence C．information D．hints ( )15.A.unnecessary B．uninteresting C．concrete D．final
专题四|真题典例 解析】修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必需的步骤。 文章讲述了作品修改的目的和途径。 1.c参照下文的“ Andrew Lloyd Webber' s musica Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process. " F However, don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage"o technique意为“技术”;stye意为“风 格”; career意为“事业,生涯”,都不符合题意。 2.D前面 adding, deleting, replacing, reordering都是 revising的方面, in other words意为“换句话说”,符合题 意。 in particular意为“尤其,特别”,表强调; as a result 意为“因此”,表结果; for example意为“例如”,表举例 说明;都不符题意。 MYKONGLONG
专题四 │真题典例 【解析】修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必需的步骤。 文章讲述了作品修改的目的和途径。 1．C 参照下文的“Andrew Lloyd Webber’s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”和 “However，don’t make the mistake of skipping the revision stage”。technique意为“技术”；style意为“风 格”；career意为“事业，生涯”，都不符合题意。 2．D 前面adding, deleting, replacing, reordering都是 revising的方面，in other words意为“换句话说”，符合题 意。in particular意为“尤其，特别”，表强调；as a result 意为“因此”，表结果；for example意为“例如”，表举例 说明；都不符题意
专题四|真题典例 3.A人们观看的是完美的表演,但表演之前作品经历了 undergo)多次修改,与上文的“ Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process. 对应。skip(跳远)、 reject(拒绝,抵制)、 replace(取代)都不符合 题意。 4.A动词 release(释放,赦免,发行), record(记录,录 音), reserve(保留,预订)都不符合题意。动词 Rewrite表示“重 写,修改”,与动词 revise同义,与本篇话题相关。 5.B介词短语 in addition to表示“而且,除.之外还 有”; in opposition to表示“与…的意见相反”; in contrast to表示“与形成对比”,都与本题不符。 in response to(作 为对……,的反应)在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改进作品的 种回应”。 MYKONGLONG
专题四 │真题典例 3．A 人们观看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品经历了 (undergo)多次修改，与上文的“Andrew Lloyd Webber’s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.” 对应。skip(跳远)、reject(拒绝，抵制)、replace(取代)都不符合 题意。 4．A 动词release(释放，赦免，发行)，record(记录，录 音)，reserve(保留，预订)都不符合题意。动词rewrite表示“重 写，修改”，与动词revise同义，与本篇话题相关。 5．B 介词短语in addition to表示“而且，除……之外还 有”；in opposition to表示“与……的意见相反”；in contrast to表示“与……形成对比”，都与本题不符。in response to(作 为对……的反应)在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改进作品的一 种回应