专题八科普知识型阅读理解 专题八科普知识型阅读理解 MYKONGLONG
专题八 科普知识型阅读理解 专题八 科普知识型阅读理解
专题八专题导读 专题导读 科普类文章是高考阅读理解中的难点题材,其取材密切 联系当前经济和科技等方面的变化,以介绍某一科学现象居 多。科普类文章具有结构严谨、逻辑性强等特点。其主要命 题形式有事实细节题、词义猜测题、推理判断题以及主旨概 括题等,其中推理判断题居多。这类文章的总体特点是: 科技词汇多,句子结构复杂,理论性强,逻辑严谨。具体说 来它有以下特点: MYKONGLONG
专题导读 专题八 │专题导读 科普类文章是高考阅读理解中的难点题材，其取材密切 联系当前经济和科技等方面的变化，以介绍某一科学现象居 多。科普类文章具有结构严谨、逻辑性强等特点。其主要命 题形式有事实细节题、词义猜测题、推理判断题以及主旨概 括题等，其中推理判断题居多。 这类文章的总体特点是： 科技词汇多，句子结构复杂，理论性强，逻辑严谨。具体说 来它有以下特点：
专题八专题导读 专题导读 1.文章中词汇的意义比较单一、稳定、简明,不带感 情色彩,具有单一性和准确性的特点。这类文章通常不会出 现文学英语中常用的排比、比喻、夸张等修辞手法,一词多 义的现象也不多见。 2.句子结构较复杂,语法分析较困难。为了描述一个 客观事物,严密地表达自己的思想,作者经常会使用集多种 语法现象于一体的长句。 3.常使用被动语态,尤其是一些惯用被动句式。 MYKONGLONG
专题导读 专题八 │专题导读 1．文章中词汇的意义比较单一、稳定、简明，不带感 情色彩，具有单一性和准确性的特点。这类文章通常不会出 现文学英语中常用的排比、比喻、夸张等修辞手法，一词多 义的现象也不多见。 2．句子结构较复杂，语法分析较困难。为了描述一个 客观事物，严密地表达自己的思想，作者经常会使用集多种 语法现象于一体的长句。 3．常使用被动语态，尤其是一些惯用被动句式
专题八真题典例 匚真题典例 【2011湖南卷】 A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the african elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants-the asian elephant African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant Once they obtained dNA sequences(序列) from two fossils(化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team MYKONGLONG
真题典例 专题八 │真题典例 【2011·湖南卷】A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant， African forest elephant，and African savanna elephant. Once they obtained DNA sequences(序列) from two fossils(化石)，mammoths and mastodons，the team
专题八真题典例 compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as asian elephants and mammoths The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths This result amazed all the scientists There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species MYKONGLONG
专题八 │真题典例 compared them with DNA from modern elephants.They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths. The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years.The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths.This result amazed all the scientists. There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species，but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species
专题八真题典例 Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres.The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the they are different species. However the proof lay in the an fact that they look so different does not necessarily m analysis of the DNA. Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of linois, said, "We MYKONGLONG
专题八 │真题典例 Previously，many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species，despite the elephants’ significant size differences.The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres.The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons， roughly double the weight of the forest elephant.But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species.However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA. Alfred Roca，assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois，said，“We
专题八真题典例 now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority(fty)for conservation purposes. 0 1.One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that A. the Asian elephant B. the forest elephant C. the savanna elephant D. the mastodon elephant MYKONGLONG
专题八 │真题典例 now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes.Since 1950，all African elephants have been conserved as one species.Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals，the forest elephant should become a bigger priority(优先)for conservation purposes.” ( )1.One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________. A．the Asian elephant B．the forest elephant C．the savanna elephant D．the mastodon elephant
专题八真题典例 )2. The underlined word"divergence"in paragraph 4 means“ A. evolution B. exhibition C. separation D. examination 3 The researchers'conclusion was based on a study of the African elephants A. DNA B. height C. weight D. population MYKONGLONG
专题八 │真题典例 ( )2.The underlined word “divergence” in paragraph 4 means “________.” A．evolution B．exhibition C．separation D．examination ( )3.The researchers’ conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s ________. A．DNA B．height C．weight D．population
专题八真题典例 C 4. What are alfred roca's words mainly about? A. The conservation of African elephants. B. The purpose of studying African elephants C. The way to divide african elephants into two units D. The reason for the distinction of African elephants 5Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Naturalists' Beliefs about Elephants B. Amazing Experiments about Elephants C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants D. ALong Scientific Debate about Elephants MYKONGLONG
专题八 │真题典例 ( )4.What are Alfred Roca’s words mainly about? A．The conservation of African elephants. B．The purpose of studying African elephants. C．The way to divide African elephants into two units. D．The reason for the distinction of African elephants. ( )5.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Naturalists’ Beliefs about Elephants B．Amazing Experiments about Elephants C．An Unexpected Finding about Elephants D．A Long Scientific Debate about Elephants
专题八真题典例 【解析】本文为科普说明文。主要介绍关于大象的最新研究 成果:非洲大象被分成两种完全不同的品种——非洲草原大象 和非洲森林大象。 1.D细节理解题。根据第三段“ Once they obtained DNA sequences(序列) rom two fossils(化石), mammoths and mastodons the team compared them with dNa from modern elephants.”可判断选D 2.C词义猜测题。根据第四段“ The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years.”可知,科学 家已证实,非洲的草原大象与非洲的森林大象几百万年来都不 属于同一品种,即可推断下句为“两种大象的分离应发生 在.”。由此可推断划线词应意为“分离”,故选C。 MYKONGLONG
专题八 │真题典例 【解析】本文为科普说明文。主要介绍关于大象的最新研究 成果：非洲大象被分成两种完全不同的品种——非洲草原大象 和非洲森林大象。 1．D 细节理解题。根据第三段 “Once they obtained DNA sequences(序列)from two fossils(化石)，mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants.”可判断选D。 2．C 词义猜测题。根据第四段“The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years.”可知，科学 家已证实，非洲的草原大象与非洲的森林大象几百万年来都不 属于同一品种，即可推断下句为“两种大象的分离应发生 在……”。由此可推断划线词应意为“分离”，故选C