Duality
Duality
Agenda today 1.The duality of particle 2.The experiment evidence for wave nature of particles 3.Heisenberg's uncertainty relations
Agenda today 1. The duality of particle 2. The experiment evidence for wave nature of particles 3. Heisenberg’s uncertainty relations
Given for one instant an intelligence which could comprehend all the forces by which nature is animated and the respective positions of the things which compose it...nothing would be uncertain,and the future as the past would be laid out before its eyes. Pierre Simowde Laplace;1776
Given for one instant an intelligence which could comprehend all the forces by which nature is animated and the respective positions of the things which compose it...nothing would be uncertain, and the future as the past would be laid out before its eyes. Pierre Simon de Laplace, 1776
Matter waves(物质波) De Borglie suggested that particles as electrons also have wavelike property. h 8=hf 入 Where A is called de borglie wavelength
Matter waves（物质波） hf h p De Borglie suggested that particles as electrons also have wavelike property. Where is called de borglie wavelength
Davisson-Germer experiment(1927)(戴维逊革 末实验) vacuum Bragg angle Electron Single-crystal gun Nickel
Davisson-Germer experiment(1927)（戴维逊革 末实验） I vacuum Electron gun Single-crystal Nickel U Bragg angle
入= p mov For maximum current 2瓷 (0=123）
For maximum current
U=k 12.25 2d sin 0 3.06 4 1y2 The experiment result
2 sin 12.25 d U k 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3.06 1 2 V The experiment result
The diffraction of electrons by thin gold foil hosas G.P.Thomson
The diffraction of electrons by thin gold foil G.P.Thomson
The quantification of angular momentum h 2m=n入=n my h ..mvr=n =nh 2元
The quantification of angular momentum
Electron microscope
Electron microscope