Neurophysiology MCQ (Please select the single best answer) A1型题 1.Which autonomic receptor is blocked by hexamethonium at the ganglia,but not at the neuromuscular junction? A.Adrenergic a receptors B.Adrenergic B1 receptors C.Adrenergic B2 receptors D.Cholinergic muscarinic receptors E.Cholinergic nicotinic receptors [答案]E 2.A patient with chronic hypertension is treated with prazosin by his physician.The treatment successfully decreases the patient's blood pressure to within the normal range.What is the mechanism of the drug's action? A.Inhibition of B1 receptors in the sinoatrial (SA)node B.Inhibition of B2 receptors in the SA node C.Stimulation of muscarinic receptors in the SA node D.Stimulation of nicotinic receptors in the SA node E.Inhibition of B1 receptors in ventricular muscle F.Stimulation of B1 receptors in ventricular muscle G.Inhibition of a 1 receptors in ventricular muscle H.Stimulation of a 1 receptors in the SA node I.Inhibition of a 1 receptors in the SA node J.Inhibition of a 1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle K.Stimulation of a 1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle
Neurophysiology MCQ (Please select the single best answer) A1 型题 1. Which autonomic receptor is blocked by hexamethonium at the ganglia, but not at the neuromuscular junction? A. Adrenergic α receptors B. Adrenergic β1 receptors C. Adrenergic β2 receptors D. Cholinergic muscarinic receptors E. Cholinergic nicotinic receptors [答案] E 2. A patient with chronic hypertension is treated with prazosin by his physician. The treatment successfully decreases the patient’s blood pressure to within the normal range. What is the mechanism of the drug’s action? A. Inhibition of β1 receptors in the sinoatrial (SA) node B. Inhibition of β2 receptors in the SA node C. Stimulation of muscarinic receptors in the SA node D. Stimulation of nicotinic receptors in the SA node E. Inhibition of β1 receptors in ventricular muscle F. Stimulation of β1 receptors in ventricular muscle G. Inhibition of α1 receptors in ventricular muscle H. Stimulation of α1 receptors in the SA node I. Inhibition of α1 receptors in the SA node J. Inhibition of α1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle K. Stimulation of α1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle
L.Stimulation of a 2 receptors on vascular smooth muscle [答案]I 3.Which of the following responses is mediated by parasympathetic muscarinic receptors? A.Dilation of bronchiolar smooth muscle B.Erection C.Ejaculation D.Constriction of gastrointestinal (GI)sphincters E.Increased cardiac contractility [答案]B 4.Which of the following is a property of C fibers? A.Have the slowest conduction velocity of any nerve fiber type B.Have the largest diameter of any nerve fiber type C.Are afferent nerves from muscle spindles D.Are afferent nerves from Golgi tendon organs E.Are preganglionic autonomic fibers [答案]B 5.When compared with the cones of the retina,the rods A.are more sensitive to low-intensity light B.adapt to darkness before the cones C.are most highly concentrated on the fovea D.are primarily involved in color vision [答案]A
L. Stimulation of α2 receptors on vascular smooth muscle [答案] I 3. Which of the following responses is mediated by parasympathetic muscarinic receptors? A. Dilation of bronchiolar smooth muscle B. Erection C. Ejaculation D. Constriction of gastrointestinal (GI) sphincters E. Increased cardiac contractility [答案] B 4. Which of the following is a property of C fibers? A. Have the slowest conduction velocity of any nerve fiber type B. Have the largest diameter of any nerve fiber type C. Are afferent nerves from muscle spindles D. Are afferent nerves from Golgi tendon organs E. Are preganglionic autonomic fibers [答案] B 5. When compared with the cones of the retina, the rods A. are more sensitive to low-intensity light B. adapt to darkness before the cones C. are most highly concentrated on the fovea D. are primarily involved in color vision [答案] A
6.Which of the following statements best describes the basilar membrane of the organ of Corti? A.The apex responds better to low frequencies than the base does B.The base is wider than the apex C.The base is more compliant than the apex D.High frequencies produce maximal displacement of the basilar membrane near the helicotrema E.The apex is relatively stiff compared to the base [答案]A 7.Which of the following is a feature of the sympathetic,but not the parasympathetic,nervous system? A.Ganglia located in the effector organs B.Long preganglionic neurons C.Preganglionic neurons release norepinephrine D.Preganglionic neurons release acetylcholine (ACh) E.Preganglionic neurons originate in the thoracolumbar spinal cord F.Postganglionic neurons synapse on effector organs G.Postganglionic neurons release epinephrine H.Postganglionic neurons release ACh [答案]E 8.Which autonomic receptor mediates an increase in heart rate? A.Adrenergic a receptors B.Adrenergic B1 receptors C.Adrenergic B2 receptors D.Cholinergic muscarinic receptors
6. Which of the following statements best describes the basilar membrane of the organ of Corti? A. The apex responds better to low frequencies than the base does B. The base is wider than the apex C. The base is more compliant than the apex D. High frequencies produce maximal displacement of the basilar membrane near the helicotrema E. The apex is relatively stiff compared to the base [答案] A 7. Which of the following is a feature of the sympathetic, but not the parasympathetic, nervous system? A. Ganglia located in the effector organs B. Long preganglionic neurons C. Preganglionic neurons release norepinephrine D. Preganglionic neurons release acetylcholine (ACh) E. Preganglionic neurons originate in the thoracolumbar spinal cord F. Postganglionic neurons synapse on effector organs G. Postganglionic neurons release epinephrine H. Postganglionic neurons release ACh [答案] E 8. Which autonomic receptor mediates an increase in heart rate? A. Adrenergic α receptors B. Adrenergic β1 receptors C. Adrenergic β2 receptors D. Cholinergic muscarinic receptors
E.Cholinergic nicotinic receptors [答案]B 9. Cutting which structure on the left side causes total blindness in the left eye? A. Optic nerve B. Optic chiasm C.Optic tract D.Geniculocalcarine tract [答案]A 10.Which reflex is responsible for monosynaptic excitation of ipsilateral homonymous muscle? A.Stretch reflex (myotatic) B.Golgi tendon reflex (inverse myotatic) C.Flexor withdrawal reflex D.Subliminal occlusion reflex [答案]A 11. Which type of cell in the visual cortex responds best to a moving bar of light? A.Simple B.Complex C.Hypercomplex D.Bipolar E.Ganglion [答案]B
E. Cholinergic nicotinic receptors [答案] B 9. Cutting which structure on the left side causes total blindness in the left eye? A. Optic nerve B. Optic chiasm C. Optic tract D. Geniculocalcarine tract [答案] A 10. Which reflex is responsible for monosynaptic excitation of ipsilateral homonymous muscle? A. Stretch reflex (myotatic) B. Golgi tendon reflex (inverse myotatic) C. Flexor withdrawal reflex D. Subliminal occlusion reflex [答案] A 11. Which type of cell in the visual cortex responds best to a moving bar of light? A. Simple B. Complex C. Hypercomplex D. Bipolar E. Ganglion [答案] B
12.Administration of which of the following drugs is contraindicated in a 10-year-old child A.Albuterol B.Epinephrine C.Isoproterenol D. Norepinephrine E.Propranolol [答案]E 13. Which adrenergic receptor produces its stimulatory effects by the formation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)and an increase in intracellular [Ca2+]? A.a 1 Receptors B.a 2 Receptors C.B1 Receptors D.B2 Receptors E.Muscarinic receptors F.Nicotinic receptors [答案]A 14.The excessive muscle tone produced in decerebrate rigidity can be reversed by A.stimulation of group Ia afferents B.cutting the dorsal roots C.transection of cerebellar connections to the lateral vestibular nucleus D.stimulation of a -motoneurons
12. Administration of which of the following drugs is contraindicated in a 10-year-old child A. Albuterol B. Epinephrine C. Isoproterenol D. Norepinephrine E. Propranolol [答案] E 13. Which adrenergic receptor produces its stimulatory effects by the formation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) and an increase in intracellular [Ca2+]? A. α1 Receptors B. α2 Receptors C. βl Receptors D. β2 Receptors E. Muscarinic receptors F. Nicotinic receptors [答案] A 14. The excessive muscle tone produced in decerebrate rigidity can be reversed by A. stimulation of group Ia afferents B. cutting the dorsal roots C. transection of cerebellar connections to the lateral vestibular nucleus D. stimulation of α-motoneurons
E.stimulation of Y-motoneurons [答案]B 15.Which of the following parts of the body has cortical motoneurons with the largest representation on the primary motor cortex (area 4)? A.Shoulder B.Ankle C.Fingers D.Elbow E.Knee [答案]C 16. Which autonomic receptor mediates secretion of epinephrine by the adrenal medulla? A.Adrenergic a receptors B.Adrenergic B1 receptors C.Adrenergic B2 receptors D.Cholinergic muscarinic receptors E.Cholinergic nicotinic receptors [答案]E 17.Cutting which structure on the right side causes blindness in the temporal field of the left eye and the nasal field of the right eye? A.Optic nerve B.Optic chiasm C.Optic tract D.Geniculocalcarine tract
E. stimulation of γ-motoneurons [答案] B 15. Which of the following parts of the body has cortical motoneurons with the largest representation on the primary motor cortex (area 4)? A. Shoulder B. Ankle C. Fingers D. Elbow E. Knee [答案] C 16. Which autonomic receptor mediates secretion of epinephrine by the adrenal medulla? A. Adrenergic α receptors B. Adrenergic β1 receptors C. Adrenergic β2 receptors D. Cholinergic muscarinic receptors E. Cholinergic nicotinic receptors [答案] E 17. Cutting which structure on the right side causes blindness in the temporal field of the left eye and the nasal field of the right eye? A. Optic nerve B. Optic chiasm C. Optic tract D. Geniculocalcarine tract
[答案]C 18.Aballet dancer spins to the left.During the spin,her eyes snap quickly to the left.This fast eye movement is A.nystagmus B.post-rotatory nystagmus C.ataxia D.aphasia [答案]A 19. Which of the following has a much lower concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) A.Na+ B.K+ C. Osmolarity D.Protein E.Mg2+ [答案]D 20. Which of the following autonomic drugs acts by stimulating adenylate cyclase? A. Atropine B.Clonidine C.Curare D.Norepinephrine E.Phentolamine F.Phenylephrine
[答案] C 18. Aballet dancer spins to the left. During the spin, her eyes snap quickly to the left. This fast eye movement is A. nystagmus B. post-rotatory nystagmus C. ataxia D. aphasia [答案] A 19. Which of the following has a much lower concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) A. Na+ B. K+ C. Osmolarity D. Protein E. Mg2+ [答案] D 20. Which of the following autonomic drugs acts by stimulating adenylate cyclase? A. Atropine B. Clonidine C. Curare D. Norepinephrine E. Phentolamine F. Phenylephrine
G.Propranolol [答案]D 21. Which of the following is a step in photoreception in the rods? A.Light converts all-trans retinal to 1l-cis retinal B.Metarhodopsin II activates transducin C.Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (CGMP)levels increase D.Rods depolarize E.Release of neurotransmitter increases [答案]B 22. Pathogens that produce fever cause A.decreased production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) B.decreased set-point temperature in the hypothalamus C.shivering D.vasodilation of blood vessels in the skin [答案]C 23.Which of the following statements about the olfactory system is true? A.The receptor cells are neurons B.The receptor cells are sloughed off and are not replaced C.Axons of cranial nerve (CN)I are A-delta fibers D.Axons from receptor cells synapse in the prepiriform cortex E.Fractures of the cribriform plate can cause inability to detect ammonia [答案]A 24.Alesion of the chorda tympani nerve would most likely result in
G. Propranolol [答案] D 21. Which of the following is a step in photoreception in the rods? A. Light converts all-trans retinal to 11-cis retinal B. Metarhodopsin II activates transducin C. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels increase D. Rods depolarize E. Release of neurotransmitter increases [答案] B 22. Pathogens that produce fever cause A. decreased production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) B. decreased set-point temperature in the hypothalamus C. shivering D. vasodilation of blood vessels in the skin [答案] C 23. Which of the following statements about the olfactory system is true? A. The receptor cells are neurons B. The receptor cells are sloughed off and are not replaced C. Axons of cranial nerve (CN) I are A-delta fibers D. Axons from receptor cells synapse in the prepiriform cortex E. Fractures of the cribriform plate can cause inability to detect ammonia [答案] A 24. Alesion of the chorda tympani nerve would most likely result in
A.impaired olfactory function B.impaired vestibular function C.impaired auditory function D.impaired taste function E.nerve deafness [答案]D 25.Which.of the following would produce maximum excitation of the hair cells in the right horizontal semicircular canal? A.Hyperpolarization of the hair cells B.Bending the stereocilia away from the kinocilia C.Rapid ascent in an elevator D.Rotating the head to the right [答案]D 26. The inability to perform rapidly alternating movements (dysdiadochokinesia)is associated with lesions of the A.premotor cortex B.motor cortex C.cerebellum D.substantia nigra E.medulla [答案]C 27. Which autonomic receptor is activated by low concentrations of epinephrine released from the adrenal medulla and causes vasodilation?
A. impaired olfactory function B. impaired vestibular function C. impaired auditory function D. impaired taste function E. nerve deafness [答案] D 25. Which.of the following would produce maximum excitation of the hair cells in the right horizontal semicircular canal? A. Hyperpolarization of the hair cells B. Bending the stereocilia away from the kinocilia C. Rapid ascent in an elevator D. Rotating the head to the right [答案] D 26. The inability to perform rapidly alternating movements (dysdiadochokinesia) is associated with lesions of the A. premotor cortex B. motor cortex C. cerebellum D. substantia nigra E. medulla [答案] C 27. Which autonomic receptor is activated by low concentrations of epinephrine released from the adrenal medulla and causes vasodilation?
A.Adrenergic a receptors B.Adrenergic B1 receptors C.Adrenergic B2 receptors D.Cholinergic muscarinic receptors E.Cholinergic nicotinic receptors [答案]C 28.Complete transection of the spinal cord at the level of Tl would most likely result in A.temporary loss of stretch reflexes below the lesion B.temporary loss of conscious proprioception below the lesion C.permanent loss of voluntary control of movement above the lesion D.permanent loss of consciousness above the lesion [答案]A 29. Sensory receptor potentials A.are action potentials B.always bring the membrane potential of a receptor cell toward threshold C.always bring the membrane potential of a receptor cell away from threshold D.are graded in size,depending on stimulus intensity E.are all-or-none [答案]D 30.Cutting which structure causes blindness in the temporal fields of the left and right eyes? A.Optic nerve B.Optic chiasm
A. Adrenergic α receptors B. Adrenergic β1 receptors C. Adrenergic β2 receptors D. Cholinergic muscarinic receptors E. Cholinergic nicotinic receptors [答案] C 28. Complete transection of the spinal cord at the level of T1 would most likely result in A. temporary loss of stretch reflexes below the lesion B. temporary loss of conscious proprioception below the lesion C. permanent loss of voluntary control of movement above the lesion D. permanent loss of consciousness above the lesion [答案] A 29. Sensory receptor potentials A. are action potentials B. always bring the membrane potential of a receptor cell toward threshold C. always bring the membrane potential of a receptor cell away from threshold D. are graded in size, depending on stimulus intensity E. are all-or-none [答案] D 30. Cutting which structure causes blindness in the temporal fields of the left and right eyes? A. Optic nerve B. Optic chiasm