Cell Physiology MCQ (Please select the single best answer) A1型题 1.Which of the following characteristics is shared by simple and facilitated diffusion of glucose? A.Occurs down an electrochemical gradient B.Is saturable C.Requires metabolic energy D.Is inhibited by the presence of galactose E.Requires a Na+gradient [答案]A 2.During the upstroke of the action potential A.there is net outward current and the cell interior becomes more negative B.there is net outward current and the cell interior becomes less negative C.there is net inward current and the cell interior becomes more negative D.there is net inward current and the cell interior becomes less negative [答案]D 3.Solutions A and B are separated by a semipermeable membrane that is permeable to K+,but not to Cl-.Solution A is 100 mM KC1,and solution B is 1 mM KC1.Which of the following statements about solution A and solution B is true? A.K+ions will diffuse from solution A to solution B until the [K+]of both solutions is 50.5 mM
Cell Physiology MCQ (Please select the single best answer) A1 型题 1. Which of the following characteristics is shared by simple and facilitated diffusion of glucose? A. Occurs down an electrochemical gradient B. Is saturable C. Requires metabolic energy D. Is inhibited by the presence of galactose E. Requires a Na+ gradient [答案] A 2. During the upstroke of the action potential A. there is net outward current and the cell interior becomes more negative B. there is net outward current and the cell interior becomes less negative C. there is net inward current and the cell interior becomes more negative D. there is net inward current and the cell interior becomes less negative [答案] D 3. Solutions A and B are separated by a semipermeable membrane that is permeable to K+, but not to Cl-. Solution A is 100 mM KCl, and solution B is 1 mM KCl. Which of the following statements about solution A and solution B is true? A. K+ ions will diffuse from solution A to solution B until the [K+] of both solutions is 50.5 mM
B.K+ions will diffuse from solution B to solution A until the [K+]of both solutions is 50.5 mM C.KCI will diffuse from solution A to solution B until the [KCI]of both solutions is 50.5 mM D.K+will diffuse from solution A to solution B until a membrane potential develops with solution A negative with respect to solution B E.K+will diffuse from solution A to solution B until a membrane potential develops with solution A positive with respect to solution B [答案]D 4. The correct temporal sequence for events at the neuromuscular junction is A.action potential in the motor nerve,depolarization of the muscle end plate;uptake of Ca2+into the presynaptic nerve terminal B. uptake of Ca2+into the presynaptic terminal;release of acetylcholine(ACh);depolarization of the muscle end plate C.release of ACh;action potential in the motor nerve;action potential in the muscle D.uptake of Ca2 into the motor end plate;action potential in the motor end plate;action potential in the muscle E.release of ACh;action potential in the muscle end plate;action potential in the muscle [答案]B 5.Which characteristic or component is shared by skeletal muscle and smooth muscle? A.Thick and thin filaments arranged in sarcomeres B.Troponin C.Elevation of intracellular [Ca2 for excitation-contraction coupling
B. K+ ions will diffuse from solution B to solution A until the [K+] of both solutions is 50.5 mM C. KCl will diffuse from solution A to solution B until the [KCl] of both solutions is 50.5 mM D. K+ will diffuse from solution A to solution B until a membrane potential develops with solution A negative with respect to solution B E. K+ will diffuse from solution A to solution B until a membrane potential develops with solution A positive with respect to solution B [答案] D 4. The correct temporal sequence for events at the neuromuscular junction is A. action potential in the motor nerve, depolarization of the muscle end plate; uptake of Ca2+ into the presynaptic nerve terminal B. uptake of Ca2+ into the presynaptic terminal; release of acetylcholine(ACh); depolarization of the muscle end plate C. release of ACh; action potential in the motor nerve; action potential in the muscle D. uptake of Ca2 into the motor end plate; action potential in the motor end plate; action potential in the muscle E. release of ACh; action potential in the muscle end plate; action potential in the muscle [答案] B 5. Which characteristic or component is shared by skeletal muscle and smooth muscle? A. Thick and thin filaments arranged in sarcomeres B. Troponin C. Elevation of intracellular [Ca2 ] for excitation-contraction coupling
D.Spontaneous depolarization of the membrane potential E.High degree of electrical coupling between cells. [答案]C 6. Repeated stimulation of a skeletal muscle fiber causes tetanic contraction because the intracellular concentration of which solute increases and remains at high levels? A.Na+ B.K+ D.Mg2+ E.Ca2+ F.Troponin G.Calmodulin H.Calmodulin I.Adenosine triphosphate(ATP) [答案]E 7.Solutions A and B are separated by a membrane that is permeable to Ca2+ and impermeable to Cl-.Solution A contains 10 mM CaC12,and solution B contains 1 mM CaC12.Assuming that 2.3 RT/F=60 mV,Ca2+will be at electrochemical equilibrium when A.solution A is +60 mV B.solution A is +30 mV C.solution A is -60 mV D.solution A is -30 mV E.solution A is +120 mV F.solution A is -120 mV
D. Spontaneous depolarization of the membrane potential E. High degree of electrical coupling between cells. [答案] C 6. Repeated stimulation of a skeletal muscle fiber causes tetanic contraction because the intracellular concentration of which solute increases and remains at high levels? A. Na+ B. K+ C. Cl- D. Mg2+ E. Ca2+ F. Troponin G. Calmodulin H. Calmodulin I. Adenosine triphosphate(ATP) [答案] E 7. Solutions A and B are separated by a membrane that is permeable to Ca2+ and impermeable to Cl-. Solution A contains 10 mM CaCl2, and solution B contains 1 mM CaCl2. Assuming that 2.3 RT/F=60 mV, Ca2+ will be at electrochemical equilibrium when A. solution A is +60 mV B. solution A is +30 mV C. solution A is -60 mV D. solution A is -30 mV E. solution A is +120 mV F. solution A is -120 mV
G.the Ca2+concentrations of the two solutions are equal H.the Cl-concentrations of the two solutions are equal [答案]D 8.A person with myasthenia gravis notes increased muscle strength when he is treated with an acetylcholinesterase (AChE)inhibitor.The basis for his improvement is increased A.amount of acetylcholine (ACh)released from motor nerves B.levels of ACh at the muscle end plates C.number of ACh receptors on the muscle end plates D.amount of norepinephrine released from motor nerves E.synthesis of norepinephrine in motor nerves [答案]B 9.In error,a patient is infused with large volumes of a solution that causes lysis of his red blood cells (RBCs).The solution was most likely A.isotonic NaCl B.isotonic mannitol isotonic mannitol C.hypertonic mannitol D.hypotonic urea E.hypertonic urea [答案]D 10.Solutions A and B are separated by a membrane that is permeable to urea. Solution A is 10 mM urea,and solution B is 5 mM urea.If the concentration of urea in solution A is doubled,the flux of urea across the membrane will A.double
G. the Ca2+ concentrations of the two solutions are equal H. the Cl- concentrations of the two solutions are equal [答案] D 8. A person with myasthenia gravis notes increased muscle strength when he is treated with an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. The basis for his improvement is increased A. amount of acetylcholine (ACh) released from motor nerves B. levels of ACh at the muscle end plates C. number of ACh receptors on the muscle end plates D. amount of norepinephrine released from motor nerves E. synthesis of norepinephrine in motor nerves [答案] B 9. In error, a patient is infused with large volumes of a solution that causes lysis of his red blood cells (RBCs). The solution was most likely A. isotonic NaCl B. isotonic mannitol isotonic mannitol C. hypertonic mannitol D. hypotonic urea E. hypertonic urea [答案] D 10. Solutions A and B are separated by a membrane that is permeable to urea. Solution A is 10 mM urea, and solution B is 5 mM urea. If the concentration of urea in solution A is doubled, the flux of urea across the membrane will A. double
B.triple C.be unchanged D.decrease to one-half E.decrease to one-third [答案]B 11.A muscle cell has an intracellular [Na+]of 14 mM and an extracellular [Na+]of 140 mM.Assuming that 2.3 RT/F=60 mV,what would the membrane potential be if the muscle cell membrane were permeable only to Na+? A.80 mV B.-60mV C.0mV D.+60V E.+80 mV [答案]D 12.The rate of conduction of action potentials along a nerve will be increased by A.stimulating the Na+-K+pump B.inhibiting the Na+-K+pump C.decreasing the diameter of the nerve D.myelinating the nerve E.lengthening the nerve fiber [答案]D 13.Solutions A and B are separated by a semipermeable membrane.Solution A contains 1 mM sucrose and 1 mM urea.Solution B contains 1 mM sucrose.The reflection
B. triple C. be unchanged D. decrease to one-half E. decrease to one-third [答案] B 11. A muscle cell has an intracellular [Na+] of 14 mM and an extracellular [Na+] of 140 mM. Assuming that 2.3 RT/F=60 mV, what would the membrane potential be if the muscle cell membrane were permeable only to Na+? A. 80 mV B. - 60 mV C. 0 mV D. + 60 mV E. + 80 mV [答案] D 12. The rate of conduction of action potentials along a nerve will be increased by A. stimulating the Na+-K+ pump B. inhibiting the Na+-K+ pump C. decreasing the diameter of the nerve D. myelinating the nerve E. lengthening the nerve fiber [答案] D 13. Solutions A and B are separated by a semipermeable membrane. Solution A contains 1 mM sucrose and 1 mM urea. Solution B contains 1 mM sucrose. The reflection
coefficient for sucrose is one and the reflection coefficient for urea is zero.Which of the following statements about these solutions is correct? A.Solution A has a higher effective osmotic pressure than solution B B.Solution A has a lower effective osmotic pressure than solution B C.Solutions A and B are isosmotic D.Solution A is hyperosmotic with respect to solution B,and the solutions are isotonic E.Solution A is hyposmotic with respect to solution B,and the solutions are isotonic [答案]D 14. Transport of D-and L-glucose proceeds at the same rate down an electrochemical gradient by which of the following processes? A.Simple diffusion B.Facilitated diffusion C.Primary active transport D.Cotransport E.Countertransport [答案]A 15.The permeability of a solute in a lipid bilayer will be increased by an increase in the A.molecular radius of the solute B.oil/water partition coefficient of the solute C.thickness of the bilayer D.concentration difference of the solute across the bilayer [答案]B
coefficient for sucrose is one and the reflection coefficient for urea is zero. Which of the following statements about these solutions is correct? A. Solution A has a higher effective osmotic pressure than solution B B. Solution A has a lower effective osmotic pressure than solution B C. Solutions A and B are isosmotic D. Solution A is hyperosmotic with respect to solution B, and the solutions are isotonic E. Solution A is hyposmotic with respect to solution B, and the solutions are isotonic [答案] D 14. Transport of D-and L-glucose proceeds at the same rate down an electrochemical gradient by which of the following processes? A. Simple diffusion B. Facilitated diffusion C. Primary active transport D. Cotransport E. Countertransport [答案] A 15. The permeability of a solute in a lipid bilayer will be increased by an increase in the A. molecular radius of the solute B. oil/water partition coefficient of the solute C. thickness of the bilayer D. concentration difference of the solute across the bilayer [答案] B
16.A drug completely blocks Na+channels in nerves.Which of the following effects on the action potential would it be expected to produce? A.Block the occurrence of action potentials B.Increase the rate of rise of the upstroke of the action potential C.Shorten the absolute refractory period D.Abolish the hyperpolarizing afterpotential E.Increase the Na+equilibrium potential [答案]A 17.At the muscle end plate,acetylcholine (ACh)causes the opening of A.Na+channels and depolarization toward the Na+equilibrium potential B.K+channels and depolarization toward the K+equilibrium potential C.Ca2+channels and depolarization toward the Ca2+equilibrium potential D.Na+and K+channels and depolarization to a value halfway between the Na+ and K+equilibrium potentials E.Na+and K+channels and hyperpolarization to a value halfway between the Na+and K+equilibrium potentials [答案]D 18.An inhibitory postsynaptic potential A.depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane by opening Na+channels B.depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane by opening K+channels C.hyperpolarizes the postsynaptic membrane by opening Ca2+channels D.hyperpolarizes the postsynaptic membrane by opening Cl-channels [答案]D
16. A drug completely blocks Na+ channels in nerves. Which of the following effects on the action potential would it be expected to produce? A. Block the occurrence of action potentials B. Increase the rate of rise of the upstroke of the action potential C. Shorten the absolute refractory period D. Abolish the hyperpolarizing afterpotential E. Increase the Na+ equilibrium potential [答案] A 17. At the muscle end plate, acetylcholine (ACh) causes the opening of A. Na+ channels and depolarization toward the Na+ equilibrium potential B. K+ channels and depolarization toward the K+ equilibrium potential C. Ca2+ channels and depolarization toward the Ca2+ equilibrium potential D. Na+ and K+ channels and depolarization to a value halfway between the Na+ and K+ equilibrium potentials E. Na+ and K+ channels and hyperpolarization to a value halfway between the Na+ and K+ equilibrium potentials [答案] D 18. An inhibitory postsynaptic potential A. depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane by opening Na+ channels B. depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane by opening K+ channels C. hyperpolarizes the postsynaptic membrane by opening Ca2+ channels D. hyperpolarizes the postsynaptic membrane by opening C1- channels [答案] D
19.Which of the following would occur as a result of the inhibition of Nat, K+-ATPase? A.Decreased intracellular Na+concentration B.Increased intracellular K+concentration C.Increased intracellular Ca2+concentrationIncreased intracellular Ca2+ concentration D.Increased Na+-glucose cotransport E.Increased Na+-Ca2+exchange [答案]C 20. Which of the following temporal sequences is correct for excitation-contraction coupling A.Increased intracellular [Ca2+];action potential in the muscle membrane; cross-bridge formation B.Action potential in the muscle membrane;depolarization of the T tubules; release of Ca2 from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) C.Action potential in the muscle membrane;splitting of adenosine triphosphate (ATP);binding of Ca2+to troponin C D.Release of Ca2+from the SR;depolarization of the T tubules;binding of Ca2+to troponin C [答案]B 21.Which of the following transport processes is involved if transport of glucose from the intestinal lumen into a small intestinal cell is inhibited by abolishing the usual Na+gradient across the cell membrane? A.Simple diffusion B.Facilitated diffusion
19. Which of the following would occur as a result of the inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase? A. Decreased intracellular Na+ concentration B. Increased intracellular K+ concentration C. Increased intracellular Ca2+ concentrationIncreased intracellular Ca2+ concentration D. Increased Na+-glucose cotransport E. Increased Na+-Ca2+ exchange [答案] C 20. Which of the following temporal sequences is correct for excitation-contraction coupling A. Increased intracellular [Ca2+]; action potential in the muscle membrane; cross-bridge formation B. Action potential in the muscle membrane; depolarization of the T tubules; release of Ca2 from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) C. Action potential in the muscle membrane; splitting of adenosine triphosphate (ATP); binding of Ca2+ to troponin C D. Release of Ca2+ from the SR; depolarization of the T tubules; binding of Ca2+ to troponin C [答案] B 21. Which of the following transport processes is involved if transport of glucose from the intestinal lumen into a small intestinal cell is inhibited by abolishing the usual Na+ gradient across the cell membrane? A. Simple diffusion B. Facilitated diffusion
C.Primary active transport D. Cotransport E.Countertransport [答案]D 22.Which of the following events occurs before depolarization of the T tubules in skeletal muscle in the cell mechanism of excitation-contraction coupling? A.Depolarization of the sarcolemmal membrane B.Opening of Ca2+release channels on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) C.Uptake of Ca2+into the SR by Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) D.Binding of Ca2+to troponin C E.Binding of actin and myosin [答案]A 23. Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system(CNS)? A.Norepinephrine B.Glutamate C.Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) D.Serotonin E.Histamine [答案]C 24.Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)is used indirectly for which of the following processes? A.Accumulation of Ca2+by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) B.Transport ofNa+from intracellular to extracellular fluid
C. Primary active transport D. Cotransport E. Countertransport [答案] D 22. Which of the following events occurs before depolarization of the T tubules in skeletal muscle in the cell mechanism of excitation-contraction coupling? A. Depolarization of the sarcolemmal membrane B. Opening of Ca2+ release channels on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) C. Uptake of Ca2+ into the SR by Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) D. Binding of Ca2+ to troponin C E. Binding of actin and myosin [答案] A 23. Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system(CNS)? A. Norepinephrine B. Glutamate C. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) D. Serotonin E. Histamine [答案] C 24. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is used indirectly for which of the following processes? A. Accumulation of Ca2+ by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) B. Transport ofNa+ from intracellular to extracellular fluid
C.Transport of K+from extracellular to intracellular fluid D.Transport of H+from parietal cells into the lumen of the stomach E.Absorption of glucose by intestinal epithelial cells [答案]E 25.Which of the following causes rigor mortis? A.No action potentials in motoneurons B.An increase in intracellular Ca2+level C.A decrease in intracellular Ca2+level D.An increase in adenosine triphosphate (ATP)level E.A decrease in ATP level [答案]E 26. Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons has been implicated in A.schizophrenia B.Parkinson's disease C.myasthenia gravis D.curare poisoning [答案]B 27.Assuming complete dissociation of all solutes,which of the following solutions would be hyperosmotic to 1 mM NaCl? A.1 mM glucose B.1.5 mM glucose C.1 mM CaCl2 D.1 mM sucrose E.1 mM KC1
C. Transport of K+ from extracellular to intracellular fluid D. Transport of H+ from parietal cells into the lumen of the stomach E. Absorption of glucose by intestinal epithelial cells [答案] E 25. Which of the following causes rigor mortis? A. No action potentials in motoneurons B. An increase in intracellular Ca2+ level C. A decrease in intracellular Ca2+ level D. An increase in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level E. A decrease in ATP level [答案] E 26. Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons has been implicated in A. schizophrenia B. Parkinson’s disease C. myasthenia gravis D. curare poisoning [答案] B 27. Assuming complete dissociation of all solutes, which of the following solutions would be hyperosmotic to 1 mM NaCl? A. 1 mM glucose B. 1.5 mM glucose C. 1 mM CaCl2 D. 1 mM sucrose E. 1 mM KC1