pricing strategy I Multiple choices In the broadest sense,price is the sum ofthat customers exchange for benefits A.dollars B.currency Call the values D.commodities 2.Acompany can stay in business as long as its price covers A.variable costs and some fixed costs B.total costs C.fixed costs and some variable costs D all cots plus a small profit 3.With a market holding pricing strategy,a company sets its price low to gain market share and A.stabilize the market B.prevent competitors from entering the market C.help the sale of other products in the product line D.gain prestige 4.According to product life pricing strategy,what strategy should be adapied in the introduction stage? A.the market pricing B.the market holding pricing strategy C.the market penetration pricing strategy D.the market skimming pricing strategy. 5.While coets set the lower limit on prices,andset the upper limit. A.market.demand B.interest rates,inflation C.price.value D.supply:demand 6.Odd-even pricing is mostly hansed on A.product life cycle pricing B.competitive pricing C.psychological pricing D.market pricing
pricing strategy Ⅰ Multiple choices. In the broadest sense, price is the sum of____that customers exchange for benefits A .dollars B.currency C.all the values D.commodities 2. A company can stay in business as long as its price covers____. A.variable costs and some fixed costs B.total costs C.fixed costs and some variable costs D.all costs plus a small profit 3. With a market holding pricing strategy,a company sets its price low to gain market share and ____. A. stabilize the market B. prevent competitors from entering the market C. help the sale of other products in the product line D. gain prestige 4. According to product life pricing strategy ,what strategy should be adapted in the introduction stage? A .the market pricing B. the market holding pricing strategy C. the market penetration pricing strategy D. the market skimming pricing strategy. 5. While costs set the lower limit on prices, ___and ____set the upper limit. A. market; demand B.interest rates; inflation C. price; value D.supply; demand 6. Odd-even pricing is mostly based on____. A. product life cycle pricing B. competitive pricing C. psychological pricing D. market pricing
7.what is skimming prcing？ A .Companies set prices to break even on production and marketing costs B.companies segment costs of the component parts that make up the product,then set the price to make a profit C.companies charge the highest price possible that buyers who most desire the product will y D.companies lower prices to keep the market share during a given period. 8.All but which of the following factors directly affect most companies'pricing decisions? A.Competition B.Government regulations C.Gross domestic product D.Manufacturing costs 9.Producers in high-tech industries often use thepricing strategy to recoup quickly research and development costs. A.cost-hased B.electronic C penetration D.skimming 10.Sales start to declineof the product life cycle A.at the end of the growth stage B.at the beginning of the decline stage C.during the maturity stage D.at the beginning of the groth stage Il True or False. 1.Pricing and price competition is the number-one problem facing more marketing executive 2.External emvironmental factors have the greatest on pricing decisions 3."forward buying"means that wholesalers stock up on far more merchandise that they can sell during manufacturers'price promotions,and they resell to customers higher prices after the promotion is over 4.A firm's total cost is made up of two components direct costs and varisble costs. 5.Optional product pricing"is adding services to the base product to differentiate it from competitors and justiry higher prices and margins 6.The fact that prices are usually higher(often substantially higher in foreign market is
7. what is skimming pricing? A .Companies set prices to break even on production and marketing costs B. companies segment costs of the component parts that make up the product ,then set the price to make a profit. C.companies charge the highest price possible that buyers who most desire the product will pay. D.companies lower prices to keep the market share during a given period. 8. All but which of the following factors directly affect most companies’ pricing decisions? A.Competition B.Government regulations C.Gross domestic product D.Manufacturing costs. 9. Producers in high-tech industries often use the ___pricing strategy to recoup quickly research and development costs. A.cost-based B.electronic C.penetration D.skimming 10. Sales start to decline ____of the product life cycle. A.at the end of the growth stage B.at the beginning of the decline stage C.during the maturity stage D.at the beginning of the growth stage Ⅱ True or False. 1. Pricing and price competition is the number-one problem facing more marketing executive. 2. External environmental factors have the greatest on pricing decisions. 3. ”forward buying”means that wholesalers stock up on far more merchandise that they can sell during manufacturers’ price promotions, and they resell to customers at higher prices after the promotion is over. 4. A firm’s total cost is made up of two components: direct costs and variable costs. 5. ”Optional product pricing” is adding services to the base product to differentiate it from competitors and justify higher prices and margins. 6. The fact that prices are usually higher(often substantially higher ) in foreign market is
called price escalation. 7.The Robinson-Patman Act seeks to prevent unfair price discrimination hy ensuring that all members at a given level in thechannel of distribution are offered the same termsby the seller. III DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Define Dumping Price Escalation Skimming Exclusive distribution Subsidy Describe factors that influence price of a product. Explain the increasing importance ofvalue-hased pricing and contrast it with cost-hased pricing Why is it so difficult to control consumer prices when selling overseas? What are the causes of price escalation? Do value added taxes discriminate against imported goods? Why has dumping become such an issue in recent years? Discuss the various ways in which governments set prices Why do they engage in such activities? If a country you are trading with has a shortage of hard currency,how should you prepare to negotiale price? What is transfer pricing?What are the attitudes of government to transfer pricing? List a least five examples of stores that use their pricing strategies as part of their marketing strategy such as"the lowest price leader".Does any of them discuss offering average prices or high prices?Why or why not?
called price escalation. 7. The Robinson-Patman Act seeks to prevent unfair price discrimination by ensuring that all members at a given level in thechannel of distribution are offered the same terms by the seller. Ⅲ DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1 . Define: Dumping Price Escalation Skimming Exclusive distribution Subsidy Describe factors that influence price of a product. Explain the increasing importance of value-based pricing and contrast it with cost-based pricing. Why is it so difficult to control consumer prices when selling overseas? What are the causes of price escalation? Do value added taxes discriminate against imported goods? Why has dumping become such an issue in recent years? Discuss the various ways in which governments set prices. Why do they engage in such activities? If a country you are trading with has a shortage of hard currency, how should you prepare to negotiate price? What is transfer pricing?What are the attitudes of government to transfer pricing? List at least five examples of stores that use their pricing strategies as part of their marketing strategy such as”the lowest price leader”.Does any of them discuss offering average prices or high prices?Why or why not?