中国医科大学：《诊断学》课程教学课件（PPT讲稿）Respiratory Symptoms-2nd version

Respiratory Symptoms 3kas4k,形.D

Respiratory Symptoms Zhao Li, M.D

Common symptoms ▣Cough ▣Expectoration ▣Hemoptysis ▣Chest pain ▣Cyanosis ▣Dyspnea

Common symptoms  Cough  Expectoration  Hemoptysis  Chest pain  Cyanosis  Dyspnea

Cough (a protective reflex):causes Respiratory diseases the most common causes Airway agents Bronchitis,bronchiectasis,asthma,endobronchial tuberculosis,tumor,pharyngitis Lung agents Infection,edema,fibrosis,tumor Pleural agents Pleurisy,pneumothorax,mesothelioma of pleura

Cough (a protective reflex): causes  Respiratory diseases___ the most common causes ◼ Airway agents  Bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma, endobronchial tuberculosis, tumor, pharyngitis ◼ Lung agents  Infection, edema, fibrosis, tumor ◼ Pleural agents  Pleurisy, pneumothorax, mesothelioma of pleura

Cough (a protective reflex):causes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiogenesis edema,pulmonary embolism Central nervous system agents Initiative cough,encephalitis, meningitis

Cough (a protective reflex): causes Cardiovascular diseases ◼ Cardiogenesis edema, pulmonary embolism Central nervous system agents ◼ Initiative cough, encephalitis, meningitis

Cough manifestations ▣Characteristics Dry cough (non-sputum) Productive cough (sputum:infectious,edema) ▣Attack Time(morning,midnight,early morning) Season (spring,summer,fall and/or winter) Motivation (fume inhalation,exertion) ▣Tone ■Hoarseness High pitch Weak Brassy

Cough : manifestations  Characteristics ◼ Dry cough (non-sputum) ◼ Productive cough (sputum: infectious, edema)  Attack ◼ Time (morning, midnight, early morning) ◼ Season (spring, summer, fall and/or winter) ◼ Motivation (fume inhalation, exertion)  Tone ◼ Hoarseness ◼ High pitch ◼ Weak ◼ Brassy

Cough:accompany signs ▣Fever(infection) Chest pain (infection,tumor,pleurisy, pneumothorax,pulmo embolism) ▣Dyspnea Hemoptysis (bronchietasis,tuberculosis, tumor) Bulk pus sputum (bronchietasis,lung abscess) Wheezing (asthma,foreign body) Clubbing fingers(bronchietasis,lung cancer, chronic lung abscess)

Cough: accompany signs  Fever (infection)  Chest pain (infection, tumor, pleurisy, pneumothorax, pulmo embolism)  Dyspnea  Hemoptysis (bronchietasis, tuberculosis, tumor)  Bulk pus sputum (bronchietasis, lung abscess)  Wheezing (asthma, foreign body)  Clubbing fingers (bronchietasis, lung cancer, chronic lung abscess)

Sputum:amount Bulk frothy sputum Pulmo edema Bulk serofluid sputum Alveolar cell carcinoma ▣Bulk pus sputum Bronchiectasis Lung abscess Layering upper:frothy, middle:mucoid or mucopus, lower:necrosis substance

Sputum: amount  Bulk frothy sputum ◼ Pulmo edema  Bulk serofluid sputum ◼ Alveolar cell carcinoma  Bulk pus sputum ◼ Bronchiectasis ◼ Lung abscess Layering upper: frothy, middle: mucoid or mucopus, lower: necrosis substance

Sputum:consistency 口Mucoid sputum Bronchitis (without bacterial infection) Asthma Early stage of pneumonia ▣Serofluid sputum ■Pulmo edema ▣Pus sputum Any bacterial infection ▣Bloody sputum

Sputum: consistency  Mucoid sputum ◼ Bronchitis (without bacterial infection) ◼ Asthma ◼ Early stage of pneumonia  Serofluid sputum ◼ Pulmo edema  Pus sputum ◼ Any bacterial infection  Bloody sputum

Sputum:color White mucoid or serofluid sputum ▣Yellow general bacterial infection Green aeruginosus Bacillus infection Grey or black ■ dust inhalation ▣Rusty Lobar pneumonia O Pink cardiac edema ▣Red hemoptysis

Sputum: color  White ◼ mucoid or serofluid sputum  Yellow ◼ general bacterial infection  Green ◼ aeruginosus Bacillus infection  Grey or black ◼ dust inhalation  Rusty ◼ Lobar pneumonia  Pink ◼ cardiac edema  Red ◼ hemoptysis Grey or black

Sputum:foul odor anaerobic bacterium infection

Sputum: foul odor  anaerobic bacterium infection