翻译技巧(六)重复译法 重复译法是指翻译时重复原文中某些词,使译文表 达明确具体。这是因为有些词在英语中是不必重复的, 但在汉语中却必须重复,否则就会造成文理不通或逻辑 混乱。 重复共同部分 1重复共同修饰的名词 Gas, oil, and electric furnaces are most commonly used for heat treating metal. The charges of nucleus and electrons are equal so that the atom is electrically neutral
翻译技巧（六） 重复译法 重复译法是指翻译时重复原文中某些词，使译文表 达明确具体。这是因为有些词在英语中是不必重复的， 但在汉语中却必须重复，否则就会造成文理不通或逻辑 混乱。 一、重复共同部分 1.重复共同修饰的名词 Gas, oil, and electric furnaces are most commonly used for heat treating metal. The charges of nucleus and electrons are equal so that the atom is electrically neutral
2.重复共同的动词 Alternating current flows first in one direction and then in the other, the reversals taking place many times a second Plant growth needs sunshine, air and water as well 3.重复共用的宾语 Engineers have to analyze and solve design problems
2. 重复共同的动词 Alternating current flows first in one direction and then in the other, the reversals taking place many times a second. Plant growth needs sunshine, air and water as well. 3. 重复共用的宾语 Engineers have to analyze and solve design problems
4.重复共同的定语 Metals are the best conductors and gases the poorest conductors ofheat The law of conservation and transformation of energy is the chief basis of engineering practice. 重复省略的部分 Water has the property of dissolving sugar, sugar the property of being dissolved by water High voltage is necessary for long transmission line while low voltage for safe use
4. 重复共同的定语 Metals are the best conductors and gases the poorest conductors of heat. The law of conservation and transformation of energy is the chief basis of engineering practice. 二、重复省略的部分 Water has the property of dissolving sugar, sugar the property of being dissolved by water. High voltage is necessary for long transmission line while low voltage for safe use
翻译技巧(七)被动语态的译法 英语中被动语态使用范围很广,凡是在不必或不愿 说出或无从说出施动者以及为了便于连贯上下文或者为 了强调动作的承受者等场合,往往都用被动语态。英语 被动句的翻译主要有以下几种情况: 成汉语被动句 The first stage of a rocket is thrown away only minutes after the rocket takes off The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temperature is held constant
翻译技巧（七） 被动语态的译法 英语中被动语态使用范围很广，凡是在不必或不愿 说出或无从说出施动者以及为了便于连贯上下文或者为 了强调动作的承受者等场合，往往都用被动语态。英语 被动句的翻译主要有以下几种情况： 一、译成汉语被动句 The first stage of a rocket is thrown away only minutes after the rocket takes off . The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temperature is held constant
The moon, as well as the stars and the sun. is made use of by the mariner to find his latitude and longitude at sea. Only a small part of suns energy reaching the earth is used bνus Besides voltage, resistance and capacitance, an alternating current is also influenced by inductance. Many casting defects are caused by expansion properties of sand
The moon, as well as the stars and the sun, is made use of by the mariner to find his latitude and longitude at sea. Only a small part of sun’s energy reaching the earth is used by us. Besides voltage, resistance and capacitance, an alternating current is also influenced by inductance. Many casting defects are caused by expansion properties of sand
二、译成汉语主动句 1.译成有主语的主动句 A right kind offuel is needed for an atomic reactor To explore the moon's surface. Rockets were launched again and again 2.译成无主语的主动句 When work is done against friction, heat is produced. By using this new process the loss of metal was reduced to 20 per cent. Care should be taken at all times to protect the instrument from dust and damp
二、译成汉语主动句 1. 译成有主语的主动句 A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor. To explore the moon’s surface. Rockets were launched again and again. 2. 译成无主语的主动句 When work is done against friction, heat is produced. By using this new process the loss of metal was reduced to 20 per cent. Care should be taken at all times to protect the instrument from dust and damp
翻译技巧(八)英语长句的译法 英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念而汉 语则不同常常使用若干短句,作层次分明的叙述。因此, 在进行英译汉时,要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异,将 英语的长句分解,翻译成汉语的短句。 顺序法 当英语长句的内容的叙述层次与汉语基本一致时,可 以按照英语原文的顺序翻译成汉语。 Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned
翻译技巧（八） 英语长句的译法 英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念, 而汉 语则不同,常常使用若干短句, 作层次分明的叙述。因此, 在进行英译汉时, 要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异, 将 英语的长句分解, 翻译成汉语的短句。 1. 顺序法 当英语长句的内容的叙述层次与汉语基本一致时, 可 以按照英语原文的顺序翻译成汉语。 Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned
But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their "expectation of life", the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials 2.逆序法 英语有些长句的表达次序与汉语表达习惯不同,甚 至完全相反,这时必须从原文后面开始翻译 Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity
But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials. 2.逆序法 英语有些长句的表达次序与汉语表达习惯不同, 甚 至完全相反, 这时必须从原文后面开始翻译。 Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity
警3.分句法 有时英语长句中主语或主句与修饰词的关系并不十 分密切,翻译时可以按照汉语多用短句的习惯,把长句的 从句或短语化成句子,分开来叙述为了使语意连贯有时 需要适当增加词语 The number of the young people in the united States who can't read is incredible about one in fo Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive ana entertaining
3.分句法 有时英语长句中主语或主句与修饰词的关系并不十 分密切, 翻译时可以按照汉语多用短句的习惯, 把长句的 从句或短语化成句子, 分开来叙述,为了使语意连贯, 有时 需要适当增加词语。 The number of the young people in the United States who can't read is incredible about one in four. Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining
4.综合法 在翻译一个英语长句时,并不只是单纯地使用一种翻译方 法,而是要求我们把各种方法综合使用,这在我们上面所举的 例子中也有所体现。尤其是在一些情况下,一些英语长句单纯 采用上述任何一种方法都不方便,这就需要我们的仔细分析, 影或按照时间的先后或按照逻辑顺序顺逆结合,主次分明地对 全句进行综合处理,以便把英语原文翻译成通顺忠实的汉语句 子 Modern scientific and technical books, especially textbooks, requires revision at short intervals if their authors wish to keep pace with new ideas, observations and discoveries
4.综合法 在翻译一个英语长句时, 并不只是单纯地使用一种翻译方 法, 而是要求我们把各种方法综合使用, 这在我们上面所举的 例子中也有所体现。尤其是在一些情况下, 一些英语长句单纯 采用上述任何一种方法都不方便, 这就需要我们的仔细分析, 或按照时间的先后, 或按照逻辑顺序, 顺逆结合, 主次分明地对 全句进行综合处理,以便把英语原文翻译成通顺忠实的汉语句 子。 Modern scientific and technical books, especially textbooks, requires revision at short intervals if their authors wish to keep pace with new ideas, observations and discoveries